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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Andrey Pustuev; Andrey Pustuev; Victoria Kalitskaya; Irina Perminova; +1 Authors

    In the framework of the study, the authors consider conceptual approaches to improve the management system of agrarian sphere development of regions in the realities of this industry functioning in the Russian Federation. Agrarian sphere is shown in aspects of socio-economic territorial system with its subsystems. The transition mechanisms of the agrarian sphere to the rails of sustainable development due to the choice of priority development directions within the life cycle are presented. The necessity of applying an integrated approach to the solution of industrial and social problems of the agricultural sector of the country is proved and reasoned.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ E3S Web of Conferenc...arrow_drop_down
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    Article . 2020 . Peer-reviewed
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ E3S Web of Conferenc...arrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
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    Authors: Andrey Pustuev; Andrey Pustuev; Victoria Kalitskaya; Irina Perminova; +1 Authors

    In the framework of the study, the authors consider conceptual approaches to improve the management system of agrarian sphere development of regions in the realities of this industry functioning in the Russian Federation. Agrarian sphere is shown in aspects of socio-economic territorial system with its subsystems. The transition mechanisms of the agrarian sphere to the rails of sustainable development due to the choice of priority development directions within the life cycle are presented. The necessity of applying an integrated approach to the solution of industrial and social problems of the agricultural sector of the country is proved and reasoned.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ E3S Web of Conferenc...arrow_drop_down
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      Article . 2020 . Peer-reviewed
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    Authors: orcid A. A. Vinogradova;
    A. A. Vinogradova
    ORCID
    Harvested from ORCID Public Data File

    A. A. Vinogradova in OpenAIRE
    orcid M. O. Silivanov;
    M. O. Silivanov
    ORCID
    Harvested from ORCID Public Data File

    M. O. Silivanov in OpenAIRE
    S. M. Leontyuk;

    Abstract The choice of an effective quality management system is a non-trivial task which requires a special approach. We consider the main changes in the new edition of the international standard for quality management systems ISO 9001: 2015, its impact on the workflow and benefits.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Journal of Physics :...arrow_drop_down
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    Journal of Physics : Conference Series
    Article . 2019 . Peer-reviewed
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    Journal of Physics : Conference Series
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Journal of Physics :...arrow_drop_down
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      Journal of Physics : Conference Series
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    Authors: orcid A. A. Vinogradova;
    A. A. Vinogradova
    ORCID
    Harvested from ORCID Public Data File

    A. A. Vinogradova in OpenAIRE
    orcid M. O. Silivanov;
    M. O. Silivanov
    ORCID
    Harvested from ORCID Public Data File

    M. O. Silivanov in OpenAIRE
    S. M. Leontyuk;

    Abstract The choice of an effective quality management system is a non-trivial task which requires a special approach. We consider the main changes in the new edition of the international standard for quality management systems ISO 9001: 2015, its impact on the workflow and benefits.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Journal of Physics :...arrow_drop_down
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    Journal of Physics : Conference Series
    Article . 2019 . Peer-reviewed
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    Authors: orcid Khushbu Kumari;
    Khushbu Kumari
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    Khushbu Kumari in OpenAIRE
    orcid Raushan Kumar;
    Raushan Kumar
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    Raushan Kumar in OpenAIRE
    Nirmali Bordoloi; orcid Tatiana Minkina;
    Tatiana Minkina
    ORCID
    Harvested from ORCID Public Data File

    Tatiana Minkina in OpenAIRE
    +2 Authors

    Considerable interest is being shown in using biochar production from waste biomass with a variety of disciplines to address the most pressing environmental challenges. Biochar produced by the thermal decomposition of biomass under oxygen-limited conditions is gaining popularity as a low-cost amendment for agro-ecosystems. The efficiency of biochar formation is affected by temperature, heating rate, feedstock type, particle size and reactor conditions. Properties such as pH, surface area and ash content of produced biochar increases with increasing temperatures. Biochar produced at lower heating rates may have high porosity and be beneficial for morphological changes in the soil. Biochar can help to enhance soil health and fertility as well as improve agricultural yield. As a result, biochar can assist in increasing food security by promoting sustainable agricultural systems and preserving an eco-friendly environment. Biochar is also widely being used as a sorbent for organic and inorganic pollutants, owing to its large surface area, allowing it to be immobilized from soil with ease. The functional groups and charges present on the surface of biochar play an important role in pollutants removal. This review focuses on the mechanisms of biochar production using different waste materials as a feed stock, factors that influence biochar quality as well as application of biochar in agricultural soil and their reclamation as well. This article also discusses knowledge gaps and future perspectives in the field of biochar-based toxic-pollution remediation.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Agriculturearrow_drop_down
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    Agriculture
    Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
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    Authors: orcid Khushbu Kumari;
    Khushbu Kumari
    ORCID
    Harvested from ORCID Public Data File

    Khushbu Kumari in OpenAIRE
    orcid Raushan Kumar;
    Raushan Kumar
    ORCID
    Harvested from ORCID Public Data File

    Raushan Kumar in OpenAIRE
    Nirmali Bordoloi; orcid Tatiana Minkina;
    Tatiana Minkina
    ORCID
    Harvested from ORCID Public Data File

    Tatiana Minkina in OpenAIRE
    +2 Authors

    Considerable interest is being shown in using biochar production from waste biomass with a variety of disciplines to address the most pressing environmental challenges. Biochar produced by the thermal decomposition of biomass under oxygen-limited conditions is gaining popularity as a low-cost amendment for agro-ecosystems. The efficiency of biochar formation is affected by temperature, heating rate, feedstock type, particle size and reactor conditions. Properties such as pH, surface area and ash content of produced biochar increases with increasing temperatures. Biochar produced at lower heating rates may have high porosity and be beneficial for morphological changes in the soil. Biochar can help to enhance soil health and fertility as well as improve agricultural yield. As a result, biochar can assist in increasing food security by promoting sustainable agricultural systems and preserving an eco-friendly environment. Biochar is also widely being used as a sorbent for organic and inorganic pollutants, owing to its large surface area, allowing it to be immobilized from soil with ease. The functional groups and charges present on the surface of biochar play an important role in pollutants removal. This review focuses on the mechanisms of biochar production using different waste materials as a feed stock, factors that influence biochar quality as well as application of biochar in agricultural soil and their reclamation as well. This article also discusses knowledge gaps and future perspectives in the field of biochar-based toxic-pollution remediation.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Agriculturearrow_drop_down
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    Agriculture
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    Authors: orcid bw Rona, Aldo;
    Rona, Aldo
    ORCID
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    Rona, Aldo in OpenAIRE
    orcid Kadhim, Hakim Tarteeb Kadhim;
    Kadhim, Hakim Tarteeb Kadhim
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    Kadhim, Hakim Tarteeb Kadhim in OpenAIRE
    Jabbar, Faris A.;

    A parametric numerical investigation is performed of the natural convection and heat transfer in an enclosure with opposing wavy walls, layered by a porous medium, saturated by a hybrid nanofluid, at different inclination angles. The Galerkin finite element method is used to obtain steady-state solutions of the heat and mass convection laws by application of the semi-implicit method for pressure linked equations algorithm. The Darcy-Brinkman model is used for representing the state variables change in the porous layer. The influence of six parameters on the flow and heat transfer rate is described. These are the inclination angle, varied from 0o to 90o, the Rayleigh number (104 ≤ 𝑅𝑎 ≤ 107), the Darcy number (10-5 ≤ 𝐷𝑎 ≤ 10-2), the porous layer width (0.2 ≤ 𝑊p ≤ 0.8), the number of undulation (1≤ 𝑁 ≤ 4), and the nanoparticle volume fraction (0 ≤ 𝜙 ≤ 0.2). It is found that the inclination angle is a very influential control parameter for the hybrid nanofluid in the enclosure. Its effect is modulated by the other parameters. The model predicts that adding the nanoparticles enhances the heat transfer between the opposing walls of the cell compared to the pure fluid over the whole range of inclination angles. Finally, a comparison of the heat transfer enhancement based on the suspension of Al2O3 nanoparticles in water as a single nanofluid versus using Cu-Al2O3 nanoparticles in water as a hybrid nanofluid indicates better heat transfer performance by the hybrid nanofluid.

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    Authors: orcid bw Rona, Aldo;
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    orcid Kadhim, Hakim Tarteeb Kadhim;
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    Kadhim, Hakim Tarteeb Kadhim in OpenAIRE
    Jabbar, Faris A.;

    A parametric numerical investigation is performed of the natural convection and heat transfer in an enclosure with opposing wavy walls, layered by a porous medium, saturated by a hybrid nanofluid, at different inclination angles. The Galerkin finite element method is used to obtain steady-state solutions of the heat and mass convection laws by application of the semi-implicit method for pressure linked equations algorithm. The Darcy-Brinkman model is used for representing the state variables change in the porous layer. The influence of six parameters on the flow and heat transfer rate is described. These are the inclination angle, varied from 0o to 90o, the Rayleigh number (104 ≤ 𝑅𝑎 ≤ 107), the Darcy number (10-5 ≤ 𝐷𝑎 ≤ 10-2), the porous layer width (0.2 ≤ 𝑊p ≤ 0.8), the number of undulation (1≤ 𝑁 ≤ 4), and the nanoparticle volume fraction (0 ≤ 𝜙 ≤ 0.2). It is found that the inclination angle is a very influential control parameter for the hybrid nanofluid in the enclosure. Its effect is modulated by the other parameters. The model predicts that adding the nanoparticles enhances the heat transfer between the opposing walls of the cell compared to the pure fluid over the whole range of inclination angles. Finally, a comparison of the heat transfer enhancement based on the suspension of Al2O3 nanoparticles in water as a single nanofluid versus using Cu-Al2O3 nanoparticles in water as a hybrid nanofluid indicates better heat transfer performance by the hybrid nanofluid.

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  • Authors: V.V. Voronin; Wei Wei; HongZheng Mei; JinLong Bai;

    The dissolved gas analysis (DGA) is the most commonly used method in field power transformer fault diagnosis, but its diagnosis result is unreliable. In order to further improve the accuracy of power transformer fault diagnosis, this paper analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of various classification and optimization algorithms, and finally presents a transformer fault diagnosis method based on cloud model and Quantum-behaved Particle Swarm Optimization(QPSO) optimization Kernel-based Extreme Learning Machine(KELM). The method applies the kernel function to the Extreme Learning Machine, and maps the lowdimensional nonlinear relation to the high-dimensional linear space, which avoids the dimension disaster and reduces the calculation cost. It has further improved the fault diagnosis ability, For the simultaneous parameter problem, the cloud model is used to optimize the shrinkage-expansion factor of the quantum particle swarm. The parameters of the kernel limit learning machine are optimized by the combination of the cloud model and the quantum particle group. And then the method has the advantages of strong global search ability, high searching precision and fast convergence speed. Finally, the validity of the proposed method is proved by comparing with other fault diagnosis methods.

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  • Authors: V.V. Voronin; Wei Wei; HongZheng Mei; JinLong Bai;

    The dissolved gas analysis (DGA) is the most commonly used method in field power transformer fault diagnosis, but its diagnosis result is unreliable. In order to further improve the accuracy of power transformer fault diagnosis, this paper analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of various classification and optimization algorithms, and finally presents a transformer fault diagnosis method based on cloud model and Quantum-behaved Particle Swarm Optimization(QPSO) optimization Kernel-based Extreme Learning Machine(KELM). The method applies the kernel function to the Extreme Learning Machine, and maps the lowdimensional nonlinear relation to the high-dimensional linear space, which avoids the dimension disaster and reduces the calculation cost. It has further improved the fault diagnosis ability, For the simultaneous parameter problem, the cloud model is used to optimize the shrinkage-expansion factor of the quantum particle swarm. The parameters of the kernel limit learning machine are optimized by the combination of the cloud model and the quantum particle group. And then the method has the advantages of strong global search ability, high searching precision and fast convergence speed. Finally, the validity of the proposed method is proved by comparing with other fault diagnosis methods.

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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: orcid Viktor Józsa;
    Viktor Józsa
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    Viktor Józsa in OpenAIRE
    orcid Gyöngyvér Hidegh;
    Gyöngyvér Hidegh
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    Gyöngyvér Hidegh in OpenAIRE
    Attila Kun-Balog; orcid Jo-Han Ng;
    Jo-Han Ng
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    Jo-Han Ng in OpenAIRE
    +1 Authors

    Abstract Liquid fuels are likely to remain the main energy source in long-range transportation and aviation for several decades. To reduce our dependence on fossil fuels, liquid biofuels can be blended to fossil fuels – or used purely. In this paper, coconut methyl ester, standard diesel fuel (EN590:2017), and their blends were investigated in 25 V/V% steps. A novel turbulent combustion chamber was developed to facilitate combustion in a large volume that leads to ultra-low emissions. The combustion power of the swirl burner was 13.3 kW, and the air-to-fuel equivalence ratio was 1.25. Two parameters, combustion air preheating temperature and atomizing air pressure were adjusted in the range of 150–350 °C and 0.3–0.9 bar, respectively. Both straight and lifted flames were observed. The closed, atmospheric combustion chamber resulted in CO emission below 10 ppm in the majority of the cases. NO emission varied between 60 and 183 ppm at straight flame cases and decreased below 20 ppm when the flame was lifted since the combustion occurred in a large volume. This operation mode fulfills the 2015/2193/EU directive for gas combustion by 25%, which is twice as strict as liquid fuel combustion regulations. The 90% NO emission reduction was also concluded when compared to a lean premixed prevaporized burner under similar conditions. This favorable operation mode was named as Mixture Temperature-Controlled (MTC) Combustion. The chemiluminescent emission of lifted flames was also low, however, the OH* emission of straight flames was clearly observable and followed the trends of NO emission. The MTC mode may lead to significantly decreased pollutant emission of steady-operating devices like boilers, furnaces, and both aviation and industrial gas turbines, meaning an outstanding contribution to more environmentally friendly technologies.

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    Energy Conversion and Management
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    Authors: orcid Viktor Józsa;
    Viktor Józsa
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    Harvested from ORCID Public Data File

    Viktor Józsa in OpenAIRE
    orcid Gyöngyvér Hidegh;
    Gyöngyvér Hidegh
    ORCID
    Harvested from ORCID Public Data File

    Gyöngyvér Hidegh in OpenAIRE
    Attila Kun-Balog; orcid Jo-Han Ng;
    Jo-Han Ng
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    Harvested from ORCID Public Data File

    Jo-Han Ng in OpenAIRE
    +1 Authors

    Abstract Liquid fuels are likely to remain the main energy source in long-range transportation and aviation for several decades. To reduce our dependence on fossil fuels, liquid biofuels can be blended to fossil fuels – or used purely. In this paper, coconut methyl ester, standard diesel fuel (EN590:2017), and their blends were investigated in 25 V/V% steps. A novel turbulent combustion chamber was developed to facilitate combustion in a large volume that leads to ultra-low emissions. The combustion power of the swirl burner was 13.3 kW, and the air-to-fuel equivalence ratio was 1.25. Two parameters, combustion air preheating temperature and atomizing air pressure were adjusted in the range of 150–350 °C and 0.3–0.9 bar, respectively. Both straight and lifted flames were observed. The closed, atmospheric combustion chamber resulted in CO emission below 10 ppm in the majority of the cases. NO emission varied between 60 and 183 ppm at straight flame cases and decreased below 20 ppm when the flame was lifted since the combustion occurred in a large volume. This operation mode fulfills the 2015/2193/EU directive for gas combustion by 25%, which is twice as strict as liquid fuel combustion regulations. The 90% NO emission reduction was also concluded when compared to a lean premixed prevaporized burner under similar conditions. This favorable operation mode was named as Mixture Temperature-Controlled (MTC) Combustion. The chemiluminescent emission of lifted flames was also low, however, the OH* emission of straight flames was clearly observable and followed the trends of NO emission. The MTC mode may lead to significantly decreased pollutant emission of steady-operating devices like boilers, furnaces, and both aviation and industrial gas turbines, meaning an outstanding contribution to more environmentally friendly technologies.

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    Energy Conversion and Management
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  • Authors: C. Kerr; Frank C. Walsh; D. Barker;

    (2002). Electrolytic Deposition (Electroplating) of Metals. Transactions of the IMF: Vol. 80, No. 2, pp. 67-72.

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  • Authors: C. Kerr; Frank C. Walsh; D. Barker;

    (2002). Electrolytic Deposition (Electroplating) of Metals. Transactions of the IMF: Vol. 80, No. 2, pp. 67-72.

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    Authors: orcid Randorn, Chamnan;
    Randorn, Chamnan
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    Randorn, Chamnan in OpenAIRE
    orcid Irvine, John T S;
    Irvine, John T S
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    orcid Robertson, Peter;
    Robertson, Peter
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    Robertson, Peter in OpenAIRE

    Visible‐light‐activated yellow amorphous TiO2 (yam‐TiO2) was synthesised by a simple and organic‐free precipitation method. TiN, an alternative precursor for TiO2 preparation, was dissolved in hydrogen peroxide under acidic condition (pH ~ 1) adjusted by nitric acid. The yellow precipitate was obtained after adjusting pH of the resultant red brown solution to 2 with NH4OH. The BET surface area of this sample was 261 m2/g. The visible light photoactivity was evaluated on the basis of the photobleaching of methylene blue (MB) in an aqueous solution by using a 250 W metal halide bulb equipped with UV cutoff filter (λ > 420 nm) under aerobic conditions. Yam‐TiO2 exhibits an interesting property of being both surface adsorbent and photoactive under visible light. It was assigned to the η2‐peroxide, an active intermediate form of the addition of H2O2 into crystallined TiO2 photocatalyst. It can be concluded that an active intermediate form of titanium peroxo species in photocatalytic process can be synthesised and used as a visible‐light‐driven photocatalyst.

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    International Journal of Photoenergy
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    International Journal of Photoenergy
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      International Journal of Photoenergy
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    Authors: orcid Randorn, Chamnan;
    Randorn, Chamnan
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    Randorn, Chamnan in OpenAIRE
    orcid Irvine, John T S;
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    orcid Robertson, Peter;
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    Visible‐light‐activated yellow amorphous TiO2 (yam‐TiO2) was synthesised by a simple and organic‐free precipitation method. TiN, an alternative precursor for TiO2 preparation, was dissolved in hydrogen peroxide under acidic condition (pH ~ 1) adjusted by nitric acid. The yellow precipitate was obtained after adjusting pH of the resultant red brown solution to 2 with NH4OH. The BET surface area of this sample was 261 m2/g. The visible light photoactivity was evaluated on the basis of the photobleaching of methylene blue (MB) in an aqueous solution by using a 250 W metal halide bulb equipped with UV cutoff filter (λ > 420 nm) under aerobic conditions. Yam‐TiO2 exhibits an interesting property of being both surface adsorbent and photoactive under visible light. It was assigned to the η2‐peroxide, an active intermediate form of the addition of H2O2 into crystallined TiO2 photocatalyst. It can be concluded that an active intermediate form of titanium peroxo species in photocatalytic process can be synthesised and used as a visible‐light‐driven photocatalyst.

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    International Journal of Photoenergy
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    International Journal of Photoenergy
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      International Journal of Photoenergy
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    Authors: Malcolm R. Irving; T.M. Al-Khusaibi; K. Ellithy;

    This paper presents a literature survey on the subject of voltage stability analysis of power systems. The survey describes several published methods and techniques used to determine voltage stability indices. These indices predict proximity to voltage instability and collapse problems. The Q-V and P-V curves; singular value decomposition; modal analysis; test function; reduced determinant; loading margin by multiple power flow solutions; local load margins; thevenin/load impedance; and energy function are the methods which have been decribed in the paper. The methods described are based on the original work that first proposed them. They are based on the power-flow system model, where the variation of real and reactive powers are assumed to be the main parameters driving the system to voltage instability. Some of the described methods were applied on the IEEE 30-bus power system.

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    Sultan Qaboos University Journal for Science
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      Sultan Qaboos University Journal for Science
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    Authors: Malcolm R. Irving; T.M. Al-Khusaibi; K. Ellithy;

    This paper presents a literature survey on the subject of voltage stability analysis of power systems. The survey describes several published methods and techniques used to determine voltage stability indices. These indices predict proximity to voltage instability and collapse problems. The Q-V and P-V curves; singular value decomposition; modal analysis; test function; reduced determinant; loading margin by multiple power flow solutions; local load margins; thevenin/load impedance; and energy function are the methods which have been decribed in the paper. The methods described are based on the original work that first proposed them. They are based on the power-flow system model, where the variation of real and reactive powers are assumed to be the main parameters driving the system to voltage instability. Some of the described methods were applied on the IEEE 30-bus power system.

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    Sultan Qaboos University Journal for Science
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      Sultan Qaboos University Journal for Science
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    Even with state of the art forecasting methods, the short-term generation of wind farms cannot be predicted with a high degree of accuracy. In a market situation, these forecasting errors lead to commercial risk through imbalance costs when advance contracting. This situation is one that needs to be addressed due to the steady increase in the amount of grid connected wind generation, combined with the rise of deregulated, market orientated electricity systems. In the presence of imbalance prices and uncertain generation, a method is required to determine the optimum level of contract energy to be sold on the advance markets. Such a method is presented here using Markov probabilities for a wind farm and demonstrates substantial reductions in the imbalance costs. The effect of market closure delays and forecasting window lengths are also shown.

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    IEEE Transactions on Power Systems
    Article . 2002 . Peer-reviewed
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    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    IEEE Power Engineering Review
    Article . 2002 . Peer-reviewed
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao IEEE Transactions on...arrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      IEEE Transactions on Power Systems
      Article . 2002 . Peer-reviewed
      License: IEEE Copyright
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      IEEE Power Engineering Review
      Article . 2002 . Peer-reviewed
      License: IEEE Copyright
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  • image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao

    Even with state of the art forecasting methods, the short-term generation of wind farms cannot be predicted with a high degree of accuracy. In a market situation, these forecasting errors lead to commercial risk through imbalance costs when advance contracting. This situation is one that needs to be addressed due to the steady increase in the amount of grid connected wind generation, combined with the rise of deregulated, market orientated electricity systems. In the presence of imbalance prices and uncertain generation, a method is required to determine the optimum level of contract energy to be sold on the advance markets. Such a method is presented here using Markov probabilities for a wind farm and demonstrates substantial reductions in the imbalance costs. The effect of market closure delays and forecasting window lengths are also shown.

    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao IEEE Transactions on...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    IEEE Transactions on Power Systems
    Article . 2002 . Peer-reviewed
    License: IEEE Copyright
    Data sources: Crossref
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    IEEE Power Engineering Review
    Article . 2002 . Peer-reviewed
    License: IEEE Copyright
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    276
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      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao IEEE Transactions on...arrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      IEEE Transactions on Power Systems
      Article . 2002 . Peer-reviewed
      License: IEEE Copyright
      Data sources: Crossref
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      IEEE Power Engineering Review
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