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  • Energy Research
  • 15. Life on land
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Lourenço, Maria Ermelinda; Januário, Maria Isabel; Massa, Vitor;

    Neste trabalho avaliou-se o efeito da data de sementeira nas características de produção e composição em açúcares do sorgo sacarino, em função das quais se estimou o potencial de produção de bioetanol a partir desta cultura. O estudo foi conduzido durante dois anos (2005 e 2006), com a variedade de sorgo sacarino Madhura. A sementeira foi efectuada nas datas de 17 de maio, 31 de maio, 14 de junho e 28 de junho. Na sementeira efectuada a 17 de maio a produção de caules verdes e secos atingiu os valores de 66 e 13,8 t ha-1, respectivamente, as quais foram significativamente superiores às obtidas nas sementeiras de junho. A produção máxima de açúcar naquele mês foi de 4,6 t ha-1, o que corresponde à produção estimada de 2300 L ha-1 de bioetanol. Os resultados alcançados permitem concluir que as datas de sementeira de maio foram as que melhor potenciaram a aptidão do sorgo sacarino como cultura energética, para a produção de bioetanol. Revista de Ciências Agrárias, vol. 36 n.º 3 (2013)

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    UTL Repository
    Article . 2013
    Data sources: UTL Repository
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Revista de Ciências ...arrow_drop_down
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      UTL Repository
      Article . 2013
      Data sources: UTL Repository
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
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    Authors: Novo, M. E.; Henriques, M. J. A.;

    Climate change is bound to impact the water cycle and water availability, compounding the sustainable management of its quantity and quality. Groundwater is bound to suffer the impacts of climate change, coupled with those of land use changes, population and its lifestyles evolution. Climate change studies normaly have a 50 to 100 years horizon, which is a challenge for decision makers, who usually rely on relatively short therm data and projections to implement their management policies. BINGO Project tries to address this gap, by providing information of climate change impacts, including those of extreme events, on the water cycle for the short-tomedium term. Climate change impacts on groundwater rely on mathematical modeling, using recharge projections obtained from the climate forecasts of the Regional Climate Models set up for Europe. Sea level change is also a component of this analysis and its ensuing impacts of saltwater intrusion on the coastal and estuarine areas of Aluviões do Tejo and Bacia do Tejo-Sado/Margem Esquerda aquifers. 4p DHA/NRE

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Repositorio Científi...arrow_drop_down
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    Authors: Gonçalves, Gabriela Ribeiro da Silva;

    Relatório de Estágio do Mestrado em Ensino de Geografia no 3º ciclo do Ensino Básico e no Ensino Secundário apresentado à Faculdade de Letras O presente relatório de estágio visa apresentar uma análise e reflexão das atividades letivas e extralectivas ao longo do Estágio Pedagógico Supervisionado, desenvolvido na Escola Secundária Dr.ª Maria Cândida, em Mira, durante o ano letivo 2020/2021. Além disso, pretendo efetuar uma reflexão da aplicação da estratégia didático-pedagógica, neste caso concreto a Aplicação dos Media na Educação Geográfica e Ambiental, caso específico do Jornal aplicado ao tema das Alterações Climáticas. O relatório está dividido em três partes. A primeira parte, onde é feita a descrição geral da escola, acompanhado do enquadramento geográfico, turma, núcleo de estágio e das atividades realizadas ao longo do estágio. A segunda parte, está direcionada para a reflexão teórica e científica associada ao tema da aplicação didática.O tema da componente científica é as Alterações Climáticas e os seus impactos na saúde humana, assim como o surgimento ou ressurgimento de doenças parasitárias na Europa. Na terceira parte é apresentada a estratégia didática, o jornal realizado pelos alunos, acompanhado dos resultados obtidos ao inquérito realizado aos professores do agrupamento e aos alunos sobre o mesmo. Neste capítulo também se encontra uma reflexão sobre o ensino à distância e os impactos na aprendizagem tanto nos professores como alunos. Os objetivos propostos para esta estratégia foram positivos, uma vez que obtive o feedback desejado por parte dos alunos, assim como toda a dedicação na construção do jornal. This internship report aims to present an analysis and reflection of teaching and extralegal activities throughout the Supervised Pedagogical Internship, developed in Escola Secundária Dr. ª Maria Cândida, in Mira, during the school year 2020/2021. In addition, I intend to reflect on the application of didactic-pedagogical strategy, in this specific case the Application of Media in Geographic and Environmental Education, the specific case of the newspaper applied to the theme of Climate Change.The report is divided in three parts. The first part, where the general description of the school is made, accompanied by the geographic framing, class, internship nucleus and the activities carried out throughout the internship. The second part is directed towards the theoretical and scientific reflection associated with the theme of didactic application. The theme of the scientific component is Climate Change and its impacts on human health, as well as the emergence or resurgence of parasitic diseases in Europe.In the third part, the didactic strategy is presented, the newspaper made by the students, accompanied by the results obtained from the survey carried out to the teachers of the grouping and to the students about it. In this chapter there is also a reflection on distance learning and the impacts on learning for both teachers and students. The objectives proposed for this strategy were positive, since I obtained the desired feedback from the students, as well as all the dedication in the construction of the newspaper.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Estudo Geralarrow_drop_down
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    Estudo Geral
    Master thesis . 2021
    Data sources: Estudo Geral
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Estudo Geralarrow_drop_down
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      Estudo Geral
      Master thesis . 2021
      Data sources: Estudo Geral
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Martins, Sandra; Gonçalves, Alexandre; Silva, Ermelinda; Brito, Cátia; +5 Authors

    With the advances of climate change, it is expected harmful consequences to olive tree (Olea europaea L.). Therefore, it is necessary to develop cost-effective practices to reduce the vulnerability of olive crops to the adverse impacts of environmental stresses. Rainfed olive trees were sprayed with zeolites, natural crystalline aluminosilicates, and its effects on photosynthetic activity, phenolic composition, antioxidant activity, leaf minerais concentrations, plant growth, yield, and olive oil quality were assessed. Zeolites application enhanced photosynthetic activity, as well the concentrations of N, Mg, Cu, Zn and Mn in leaves, and changed the secondary metabolism, with decrease oftotal phenols, ortho-diphenols and total antioxidant activity, signs of lower oxidative stress. As consequence, zeolites boosted plant growth, crop yield, and size and weight of fruits. The foliar spray did not significantly affect the oil quality indices free acidity, peroxide value and Km and K270 coefficients. This study strongly suggests that folial' zeolites might be an effective strategy to mitigate the adverse environmental conditions. This research was funded by the Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT, Portugal) and FEDER under Programme PT2020 for financiai support to ClTAB (UIDB/04033/2020), and the Operational Group "Novas práticas em olivais de sequeiro: estratégias de mitigação e adaptação às alterações climáticas" I funded by PT2020 and EAFRD (European Agricultural Fund for Rural Development). Sandra Martins acknowledges the financiai support provided by the FCT-Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (PD/BD/135327/2017), under the Doctoral programme "Agricultural Production Chains-from fork to farm". info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Biblioteca Digital d...arrow_drop_down
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    Biblioteca Digital do IPB
    Conference object . 2021
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Biblioteca Digital d...arrow_drop_down
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      Biblioteca Digital do IPB
      Conference object . 2021
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    Authors: Andrade, José; Abreu, Francisco;

    In Mediterranean-type climates crop yield depends strongly on the early development of individual plants. Extreme variations of soil temperature close to the surface of bare soils and fast changes of soil water content due to irregular rainfall and high evaporative demand reduce the success of germination, emergence and early leaf production, reducing crop productivity. According to IPCC Fourth Assesment report, climate change in Southern Europe “is projected to worsen hygrometric and thermal conditions (high temperature and drought) and to reduce water availability” and, consequently, to decrease general crop productivity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the thermal conditions in the top soil layer under different climate change scenarios, and their effects on the early development of some representative crops of Mediterranean agriculture (pea, broad bean, maize and sunflower). For this purpose, soil temperatures near the surface of a Luvisol and a Vertisol during the usual sowing season of winter (October) and summer crops (April) were compared to those recorded in the air above ground, to forecast future values. The impact of simulations on the speed, size and dispersion of germination, emergence and early leaf production was estimated using values of bioclimatic parameters of the crops (cardinal temperatures and thermal times for different phases of establishment) found in the literature. In both seasons, monthly mean temperatures at soil top layer were significantly greater (*P<0.05) than those found in the air above ground. However, the relationships between air and top soil temperatures were different in both soils and in both seasons. Summer crops seem to be less affected by an increase in temperature than winter crops. Otherwise, the former seem to be more affected by a decrease in soil water availability than the later. In addition, final emergence, speed of emergence and leaf production of the different species will be more affected by global warming than the dispersion around the most likely thermal times. The magnitude of these effects depends also on the magnitude of warming.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Repositório Científi...arrow_drop_down
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    Authors: Menten, Guilherme Scatolini;

    Entre os impactos esperados das alterações climáticas estão a intensificação do aumento do nível médio do mar e a alteração dos padrões pluviométricos regionais. Os estuários estão entre as zonas mais vulneráveis a esses efeitos, sendo assim necessário entender os impactos nos mesmos para melhor planear ações de mitigação e aumento da resiliência. Neste trabalho foi aplicada modelação numérica, através do software Delft3D, para simular os efeitos na intrusão salina do estuário do Rio Minho sob os cenários RCP4.5 e RCP8.5, adotados pelo IPCC. Os caudais fluviais são regulados por diversas barragens, sendo influenciados apenas de forma indireta pelas alterações nos padrões pluviométricos. Assim, foi estudada a variação dos caudais de modo a apoiar futuras ações de planeamento e eventuais revisões das regras de operação dessas barragens para limitar a intrusão salina. Verificou-se o aumento da intrusão salina a montante do estuário com o aumento do nível do mar e a diminuição dos caudais fluviais chegando, no pior caso, à extensão de 28,9 km a partir da foz do estuário, o que poderá implicar com os usos da água nesta região. A extensão da intrusão salina apresenta maior dependência em relação às variações de caudal em situações de seca. Assim, nos casos mais críticos, ou seja, com maior intrusão salina, o caudal fluvial demonstrou ser o fator de maior importância, sendo a sua regularização uma ferramenta de controlo da extensão da intrusão salina no estuário. Among the expected impacts of climate change are the increased mean sea level rise and the changes in regional rainfall patterns. Estuaries are among the most vulnerable areas to these effects, so it is necessary to understand their impacts to better plan mitigation actions and increase resilience. Numerical modeling was applied in this work, using the Delft3D software, to simulate the effects of saline intrusion in the Minho River estuary under RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 scenarios adopted by the IPCC. In this case, the river`s flow is regulated by several dams, and the flow that reaches the estuary is only indirectly influenced by changes in rainfall patterns. Thus, the variation of river flows was studied in order to support future planning actions and revision of the dam discharges rules that should be followed to control salt intrusion. An increase in salt intrusion was observed at the upstream estuary with an increase in the sea level and the decrease in river flows reaching, in the worst case, the extension of 28.9 km from the estuarine mouth, which can bring several impacts to the different water uses in the region. The extent of salt intrusion showed a greater dependence on river flows variations under drought conditions. Thus, in the most critical cases, that is, with greater salt intrusion, the river flow proved to be the most important factor, and its control is an efficient tool to limit the extent of salt intrusion in the estuary. Agradeço também ao projeto EsCo-Ensembles (PTDC/ECI-EGC/30877/2017), cofinanciado por NORTE2020, Portugal 2020 e a União Europeia através do ERDF, e FCT através de fundos nacionais, cujos financiamentos apoiaram a criação do modelo utilizado, assim como de parte dos dados. Dissertação de mestrado em Engenharia Urbana

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    Universidade do Minho: RepositoriUM
    Other ORP type . 2022
    License: CC BY
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      Universidade do Minho: RepositoriUM
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    Authors: Fabião, António; Madeira, Manuel; Páscoa, Fernando; Magalhães, Maria do Carmo; +2 Authors

    Avaliou-se a biomassa e a quantidade de nutrientes da parte aérea de povoamentos de pinhal bravo da Mata Nacional de Leiria, com idades abrangendo o período da respectiva revolução, bem como da vegetação sob coberto. A massa e nutrientes das camadas orgânicas e a quantidade de nutrientes nas camadas minerais do solo, até um metro de profundidade, foram também avaliadas. Observou-se um acréscimo da biomassa da parte aérea e da quantidade de nutrientes ao longo da revolução, com os máximos no final da mesma. Nas camadas minerais do solo, observou-se semelhante acréscimo da quantidade de C orgânico e de nutrientes com o avançar da revolução, sobretudo nas camadas superficiais do solo (0-20 cm). A quantidade de C e nutrientes na vegetação sob coberto e nas camadas orgânicas representou uma fracção muito inferior à acumulada nas componentes anteriores. O C orgânico encontrase distribuído em proporção semelhante pelo solo e biomassa aérea, enquanto o N e o Ca estão sobretudo acumulados no solo. O P apresenta-se em elevada proporção nas camadas orgânicas e nos resíduos de abate; o Mg e o K apresentam situação intermédia. Os resultados sugerem que as perturbações decorrentes da exploração dos povoamentos (abate, exploração, remoção de biomassa e modificações de microclima) provocam fortes variações na quantidade de C orgânico e nutrientes no sistema. A gestão apropriada dos resíduos de abate e das camadas orgânicas é crucial para minimizar a perda de matéria orgânica e de nutrientes e assegurar a sustentabilidade do sistema. Revista de Ciências Agrárias, vol. 32 n.º 2 (2009)

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Revista de Ciências ...arrow_drop_down
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    Article . 2009
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Revista de Ciências ...arrow_drop_down
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Pinto-Correia, T.; Gonzalez, C.; Sutherland, L-A; Peneva, M.;

    This book focuses on understanding farming transition pathways towards sustainability, using case studies from Europe. It assesses the utility of the multi-level perspective in transition theory for addressing contemporary issues and identifies future research needs, making it an essential read for researchers of rural or agricultural change.

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    Authors: Silva, Ruani Patrícia Lobato;

    Quando se aborda o tema dos produtos agroflorestais portugueses, os mais relevantes e imediatos são a madeira, o papel e a cortiça. Contudo, atualmente, começa a emergir um novo setor que tem por base a exploração de frutos secos tendo já bastante expressão neste mercado a castanha, o pinhão, a amêndoa e a alfarroba. Os frutos que se colhem na floresta portuguesa têm uma elevada importância ambiental e socioeconómico mas a sua exploração total ainda não é considerada sob o ponto de vista da agrofloresta. Partindo destes pressupostos equaciona-se a relevância do setor dos frutos secas, mormente a alfarroba, para o país e tomamos como exemplo, a produção e exploração da cortiça, que não sendo um fruto seco se apresenta como o melhor caso de exploração agroflorestal português. Ao longo do estudo aprofundamos as vantagens agroflorestais não só como medida promotora de uso sustentável do solo, fomento da economia mas, também, como reduto para contribuir na resolução de problemas que afetam as áreas rurais portuguesas, nomeadamente a desertificação e os incêndios. When addressing the subject of portuguese agroforestry products, the most relevant and immediate are wood, paper and cork. However, a new sector that is based on the exploration of dry fruits is now beginning to emerge, with nuts, pinions, almonds and locust beans already on the market. The fruits that are harvested in the Portuguese forest have a high environmental and socioeconomic importance, but their total exploitation is not yet considered from the agroforestry point of view. Based on these assumptions, we carried out a study where we aimed to understand the importance of the dried fruit sector, mainly the carob tree, for the country and take as an example the market for the production and exploitation of cork, which is not a dried fruit but still is the best example of current Portuguese agroforestry exploitation. Throughout the study, we have explored the advantages of agroforestry not only as a sustainable measure to promote the economy but also as a stronghold to solve the major problems affecting Portuguese forests, namely desertification and fires.

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    Authors: Guincho, Mónica Andreia Barbosa Lucas;

    O aquecimento global é considerado um fenómeno que provoca alterações no clima do planeta, as quais acabam por se traduzir na ocorrência de fenómenos climáticos extremos que têm uma série de impactos negativos no meio ambiente em que as populações se inserem. A África Subsaariana compreende regiões do continente africano que são mais vulneráveis perante as alterações climáticas. Com a evolução de situações de seca extrema, cheias ou temperaturas elevadas, dá-se o agravamento de problemas como, a pobreza extrema, a insegurança alimentar, a escassez de recursos e o aparecimento de doenças. Face às dificuldades crescentes em combater e de se adaptarem aos impactos provocados pelas alterações climáticas, as populações destas regiões vêem-se forçadas a sair dos seus países de origem, em busca de melhores condições de vida. Esta procura pela sobrevivência acaba por levar a grandes fluxos migratórios em direção à Europa. Tendo em consideração o impacto das alterações climáticas, no aumento dos fluxos migratórios provenientes da África Subsaariana, compreende-se a necessidade de perceber o modo como estes migrantes ou refugiados, no caso daqueles que se vêem obrigados a emigrar por motivos ambientais, são identificados e encarados pela União Europeia. Apesar de existir um certo reconhecimento dos refugiados ambientais no seio da União Europeia como indivíduos que necessitam de ajuda, estes não se integram no estatuto que reconhece os refugiados como indivíduos que possuem o direito de obter proteção internacional, em termos de asilo. Perante isto, entende-se que apesar de não existir qualquer tipo de instrumento jurídico a favor dos refugiados ambientais, têm sido criadas e adotadas, políticas e medidas que têm como base os direitos humanos, no sentido de fornecer ajuda humanitária a estes indivíduos. Estas são desenvolvidas com o objetivo de combater as causas profundas das alterações climáticas, de modo a permitir à União Europeia contornar as causas das migrações. Global warming is considered a phenomenon that causes changes on the Earth’s climate, involving the occurrence of extreme climatic phenomena. This causes very negative impacts on the environments in which certain populations are inserted. Sub-Saharan Africa considered the regions that are most vulnerable to climate change. This is because with the evolution of situations of extreme drought, floods or high temperatures, there is an aggravation of problems such as extreme poverty, food insecurity, scarcity of resources and the appearance of diseases. In view of the growing difficulties in combating and adapting to the impacts caused by climate change, the populations of those regions are forced to leave their countries of origin, seeking better living conditions. This search for survival ends up leading to major migratory influxes towards Europe. Taking into account the impact of climate change on the increase in migratory flows from Sub-Saharan Africa, it’s important to understand the way in which these migrants or refugees, in the case of those who feel forced to migrate for environmental reasons, are identified and seen by the European Union. Although there is a certain recognition, within the European Union, of environmental refugees, as people in need of help, they are not part of refugee recognition status, as individuals who have the right to obtain international protection in terms of asylum. In view of this, it is understood that although there is no legal instrument in favour of environmental refugees, policies and measures, which are based on human rights, are being created and adopted in order to provide humanitarian assistance to these individuals. These measures and policies are developed with the objective of combating the root causes of climate change, in order to allow the European Union to circumvent the causes of migration. Dissertação de mestrado em Relações Internacionais

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    Universidade do Minho: RepositoriUM
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Lourenço, Maria Ermelinda; Januário, Maria Isabel; Massa, Vitor;

    Neste trabalho avaliou-se o efeito da data de sementeira nas características de produção e composição em açúcares do sorgo sacarino, em função das quais se estimou o potencial de produção de bioetanol a partir desta cultura. O estudo foi conduzido durante dois anos (2005 e 2006), com a variedade de sorgo sacarino Madhura. A sementeira foi efectuada nas datas de 17 de maio, 31 de maio, 14 de junho e 28 de junho. Na sementeira efectuada a 17 de maio a produção de caules verdes e secos atingiu os valores de 66 e 13,8 t ha-1, respectivamente, as quais foram significativamente superiores às obtidas nas sementeiras de junho. A produção máxima de açúcar naquele mês foi de 4,6 t ha-1, o que corresponde à produção estimada de 2300 L ha-1 de bioetanol. Os resultados alcançados permitem concluir que as datas de sementeira de maio foram as que melhor potenciaram a aptidão do sorgo sacarino como cultura energética, para a produção de bioetanol. Revista de Ciências Agrárias, vol. 36 n.º 3 (2013)

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    Article . 2013
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Novo, M. E.; Henriques, M. J. A.;

    Climate change is bound to impact the water cycle and water availability, compounding the sustainable management of its quantity and quality. Groundwater is bound to suffer the impacts of climate change, coupled with those of land use changes, population and its lifestyles evolution. Climate change studies normaly have a 50 to 100 years horizon, which is a challenge for decision makers, who usually rely on relatively short therm data and projections to implement their management policies. BINGO Project tries to address this gap, by providing information of climate change impacts, including those of extreme events, on the water cycle for the short-tomedium term. Climate change impacts on groundwater rely on mathematical modeling, using recharge projections obtained from the climate forecasts of the Regional Climate Models set up for Europe. Sea level change is also a component of this analysis and its ensuing impacts of saltwater intrusion on the coastal and estuarine areas of Aluviões do Tejo and Bacia do Tejo-Sado/Margem Esquerda aquifers. 4p DHA/NRE

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    Authors: Gonçalves, Gabriela Ribeiro da Silva;

    Relatório de Estágio do Mestrado em Ensino de Geografia no 3º ciclo do Ensino Básico e no Ensino Secundário apresentado à Faculdade de Letras O presente relatório de estágio visa apresentar uma análise e reflexão das atividades letivas e extralectivas ao longo do Estágio Pedagógico Supervisionado, desenvolvido na Escola Secundária Dr.ª Maria Cândida, em Mira, durante o ano letivo 2020/2021. Além disso, pretendo efetuar uma reflexão da aplicação da estratégia didático-pedagógica, neste caso concreto a Aplicação dos Media na Educação Geográfica e Ambiental, caso específico do Jornal aplicado ao tema das Alterações Climáticas. O relatório está dividido em três partes. A primeira parte, onde é feita a descrição geral da escola, acompanhado do enquadramento geográfico, turma, núcleo de estágio e das atividades realizadas ao longo do estágio. A segunda parte, está direcionada para a reflexão teórica e científica associada ao tema da aplicação didática.O tema da componente científica é as Alterações Climáticas e os seus impactos na saúde humana, assim como o surgimento ou ressurgimento de doenças parasitárias na Europa. Na terceira parte é apresentada a estratégia didática, o jornal realizado pelos alunos, acompanhado dos resultados obtidos ao inquérito realizado aos professores do agrupamento e aos alunos sobre o mesmo. Neste capítulo também se encontra uma reflexão sobre o ensino à distância e os impactos na aprendizagem tanto nos professores como alunos. Os objetivos propostos para esta estratégia foram positivos, uma vez que obtive o feedback desejado por parte dos alunos, assim como toda a dedicação na construção do jornal. This internship report aims to present an analysis and reflection of teaching and extralegal activities throughout the Supervised Pedagogical Internship, developed in Escola Secundária Dr. ª Maria Cândida, in Mira, during the school year 2020/2021. In addition, I intend to reflect on the application of didactic-pedagogical strategy, in this specific case the Application of Media in Geographic and Environmental Education, the specific case of the newspaper applied to the theme of Climate Change.The report is divided in three parts. The first part, where the general description of the school is made, accompanied by the geographic framing, class, internship nucleus and the activities carried out throughout the internship. The second part is directed towards the theoretical and scientific reflection associated with the theme of didactic application. The theme of the scientific component is Climate Change and its impacts on human health, as well as the emergence or resurgence of parasitic diseases in Europe.In the third part, the didactic strategy is presented, the newspaper made by the students, accompanied by the results obtained from the survey carried out to the teachers of the grouping and to the students about it. In this chapter there is also a reflection on distance learning and the impacts on learning for both teachers and students. The objectives proposed for this strategy were positive, since I obtained the desired feedback from the students, as well as all the dedication in the construction of the newspaper.

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    Estudo Geral
    Master thesis . 2021
    Data sources: Estudo Geral
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      Estudo Geral
      Master thesis . 2021
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    Authors: Martins, Sandra; Gonçalves, Alexandre; Silva, Ermelinda; Brito, Cátia; +5 Authors

    With the advances of climate change, it is expected harmful consequences to olive tree (Olea europaea L.). Therefore, it is necessary to develop cost-effective practices to reduce the vulnerability of olive crops to the adverse impacts of environmental stresses. Rainfed olive trees were sprayed with zeolites, natural crystalline aluminosilicates, and its effects on photosynthetic activity, phenolic composition, antioxidant activity, leaf minerais concentrations, plant growth, yield, and olive oil quality were assessed. Zeolites application enhanced photosynthetic activity, as well the concentrations of N, Mg, Cu, Zn and Mn in leaves, and changed the secondary metabolism, with decrease oftotal phenols, ortho-diphenols and total antioxidant activity, signs of lower oxidative stress. As consequence, zeolites boosted plant growth, crop yield, and size and weight of fruits. The foliar spray did not significantly affect the oil quality indices free acidity, peroxide value and Km and K270 coefficients. This study strongly suggests that folial' zeolites might be an effective strategy to mitigate the adverse environmental conditions. This research was funded by the Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT, Portugal) and FEDER under Programme PT2020 for financiai support to ClTAB (UIDB/04033/2020), and the Operational Group "Novas práticas em olivais de sequeiro: estratégias de mitigação e adaptação às alterações climáticas" I funded by PT2020 and EAFRD (European Agricultural Fund for Rural Development). Sandra Martins acknowledges the financiai support provided by the FCT-Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (PD/BD/135327/2017), under the Doctoral programme "Agricultural Production Chains-from fork to farm". info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

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    Biblioteca Digital do IPB
    Conference object . 2021
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      Biblioteca Digital do IPB
      Conference object . 2021
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    Authors: Andrade, José; Abreu, Francisco;

    In Mediterranean-type climates crop yield depends strongly on the early development of individual plants. Extreme variations of soil temperature close to the surface of bare soils and fast changes of soil water content due to irregular rainfall and high evaporative demand reduce the success of germination, emergence and early leaf production, reducing crop productivity. According to IPCC Fourth Assesment report, climate change in Southern Europe “is projected to worsen hygrometric and thermal conditions (high temperature and drought) and to reduce water availability” and, consequently, to decrease general crop productivity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the thermal conditions in the top soil layer under different climate change scenarios, and their effects on the early development of some representative crops of Mediterranean agriculture (pea, broad bean, maize and sunflower). For this purpose, soil temperatures near the surface of a Luvisol and a Vertisol during the usual sowing season of winter (October) and summer crops (April) were compared to those recorded in the air above ground, to forecast future values. The impact of simulations on the speed, size and dispersion of germination, emergence and early leaf production was estimated using values of bioclimatic parameters of the crops (cardinal temperatures and thermal times for different phases of establishment) found in the literature. In both seasons, monthly mean temperatures at soil top layer were significantly greater (*P<0.05) than those found in the air above ground. However, the relationships between air and top soil temperatures were different in both soils and in both seasons. Summer crops seem to be less affected by an increase in temperature than winter crops. Otherwise, the former seem to be more affected by a decrease in soil water availability than the later. In addition, final emergence, speed of emergence and leaf production of the different species will be more affected by global warming than the dispersion around the most likely thermal times. The magnitude of these effects depends also on the magnitude of warming.

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    Authors: Menten, Guilherme Scatolini;

    Entre os impactos esperados das alterações climáticas estão a intensificação do aumento do nível médio do mar e a alteração dos padrões pluviométricos regionais. Os estuários estão entre as zonas mais vulneráveis a esses efeitos, sendo assim necessário entender os impactos nos mesmos para melhor planear ações de mitigação e aumento da resiliência. Neste trabalho foi aplicada modelação numérica, através do software Delft3D, para simular os efeitos na intrusão salina do estuário do Rio Minho sob os cenários RCP4.5 e RCP8.5, adotados pelo IPCC. Os caudais fluviais são regulados por diversas barragens, sendo influenciados apenas de forma indireta pelas alterações nos padrões pluviométricos. Assim, foi estudada a variação dos caudais de modo a apoiar futuras ações de planeamento e eventuais revisões das regras de operação dessas barragens para limitar a intrusão salina. Verificou-se o aumento da intrusão salina a montante do estuário com o aumento do nível do mar e a diminuição dos caudais fluviais chegando, no pior caso, à extensão de 28,9 km a partir da foz do estuário, o que poderá implicar com os usos da água nesta região. A extensão da intrusão salina apresenta maior dependência em relação às variações de caudal em situações de seca. Assim, nos casos mais críticos, ou seja, com maior intrusão salina, o caudal fluvial demonstrou ser o fator de maior importância, sendo a sua regularização uma ferramenta de controlo da extensão da intrusão salina no estuário. Among the expected impacts of climate change are the increased mean sea level rise and the changes in regional rainfall patterns. Estuaries are among the most vulnerable areas to these effects, so it is necessary to understand their impacts to better plan mitigation actions and increase resilience. Numerical modeling was applied in this work, using the Delft3D software, to simulate the effects of saline intrusion in the Minho River estuary under RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 scenarios adopted by the IPCC. In this case, the river`s flow is regulated by several dams, and the flow that reaches the estuary is only indirectly influenced by changes in rainfall patterns. Thus, the variation of river flows was studied in order to support future planning actions and revision of the dam discharges rules that should be followed to control salt intrusion. An increase in salt intrusion was observed at the upstream estuary with an increase in the sea level and the decrease in river flows reaching, in the worst case, the extension of 28.9 km from the estuarine mouth, which can bring several impacts to the different water uses in the region. The extent of salt intrusion showed a greater dependence on river flows variations under drought conditions. Thus, in the most critical cases, that is, with greater salt intrusion, the river flow proved to be the most important factor, and its control is an efficient tool to limit the extent of salt intrusion in the estuary. Agradeço também ao projeto EsCo-Ensembles (PTDC/ECI-EGC/30877/2017), cofinanciado por NORTE2020, Portugal 2020 e a União Europeia através do ERDF, e FCT através de fundos nacionais, cujos financiamentos apoiaram a criação do modelo utilizado, assim como de parte dos dados. Dissertação de mestrado em Engenharia Urbana

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    Universidade do Minho: RepositoriUM
    Other ORP type . 2022
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      Universidade do Minho: RepositoriUM
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    Authors: Fabião, António; Madeira, Manuel; Páscoa, Fernando; Magalhães, Maria do Carmo; +2 Authors

    Avaliou-se a biomassa e a quantidade de nutrientes da parte aérea de povoamentos de pinhal bravo da Mata Nacional de Leiria, com idades abrangendo o período da respectiva revolução, bem como da vegetação sob coberto. A massa e nutrientes das camadas orgânicas e a quantidade de nutrientes nas camadas minerais do solo, até um metro de profundidade, foram também avaliadas. Observou-se um acréscimo da biomassa da parte aérea e da quantidade de nutrientes ao longo da revolução, com os máximos no final da mesma. Nas camadas minerais do solo, observou-se semelhante acréscimo da quantidade de C orgânico e de nutrientes com o avançar da revolução, sobretudo nas camadas superficiais do solo (0-20 cm). A quantidade de C e nutrientes na vegetação sob coberto e nas camadas orgânicas representou uma fracção muito inferior à acumulada nas componentes anteriores. O C orgânico encontrase distribuído em proporção semelhante pelo solo e biomassa aérea, enquanto o N e o Ca estão sobretudo acumulados no solo. O P apresenta-se em elevada proporção nas camadas orgânicas e nos resíduos de abate; o Mg e o K apresentam situação intermédia. Os resultados sugerem que as perturbações decorrentes da exploração dos povoamentos (abate, exploração, remoção de biomassa e modificações de microclima) provocam fortes variações na quantidade de C orgânico e nutrientes no sistema. A gestão apropriada dos resíduos de abate e das camadas orgânicas é crucial para minimizar a perda de matéria orgânica e de nutrientes e assegurar a sustentabilidade do sistema. Revista de Ciências Agrárias, vol. 32 n.º 2 (2009)

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    Authors: Pinto-Correia, T.; Gonzalez, C.; Sutherland, L-A; Peneva, M.;

    This book focuses on understanding farming transition pathways towards sustainability, using case studies from Europe. It assesses the utility of the multi-level perspective in transition theory for addressing contemporary issues and identifies future research needs, making it an essential read for researchers of rural or agricultural change.

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    Authors: Silva, Ruani Patrícia Lobato;

    Quando se aborda o tema dos produtos agroflorestais portugueses, os mais relevantes e imediatos são a madeira, o papel e a cortiça. Contudo, atualmente, começa a emergir um novo setor que tem por base a exploração de frutos secos tendo já bastante expressão neste mercado a castanha, o pinhão, a amêndoa e a alfarroba. Os frutos que se colhem na floresta portuguesa têm uma elevada importância ambiental e socioeconómico mas a sua exploração total ainda não é considerada sob o ponto de vista da agrofloresta. Partindo destes pressupostos equaciona-se a relevância do setor dos frutos secas, mormente a alfarroba, para o país e tomamos como exemplo, a produção e exploração da cortiça, que não sendo um fruto seco se apresenta como o melhor caso de exploração agroflorestal português. Ao longo do estudo aprofundamos as vantagens agroflorestais não só como medida promotora de uso sustentável do solo, fomento da economia mas, também, como reduto para contribuir na resolução de problemas que afetam as áreas rurais portuguesas, nomeadamente a desertificação e os incêndios. When addressing the subject of portuguese agroforestry products, the most relevant and immediate are wood, paper and cork. However, a new sector that is based on the exploration of dry fruits is now beginning to emerge, with nuts, pinions, almonds and locust beans already on the market. The fruits that are harvested in the Portuguese forest have a high environmental and socioeconomic importance, but their total exploitation is not yet considered from the agroforestry point of view. Based on these assumptions, we carried out a study where we aimed to understand the importance of the dried fruit sector, mainly the carob tree, for the country and take as an example the market for the production and exploitation of cork, which is not a dried fruit but still is the best example of current Portuguese agroforestry exploitation. Throughout the study, we have explored the advantages of agroforestry not only as a sustainable measure to promote the economy but also as a stronghold to solve the major problems affecting Portuguese forests, namely desertification and fires.

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    Authors: Guincho, Mónica Andreia Barbosa Lucas;

    O aquecimento global é considerado um fenómeno que provoca alterações no clima do planeta, as quais acabam por se traduzir na ocorrência de fenómenos climáticos extremos que têm uma série de impactos negativos no meio ambiente em que as populações se inserem. A África Subsaariana compreende regiões do continente africano que são mais vulneráveis perante as alterações climáticas. Com a evolução de situações de seca extrema, cheias ou temperaturas elevadas, dá-se o agravamento de problemas como, a pobreza extrema, a insegurança alimentar, a escassez de recursos e o aparecimento de doenças. Face às dificuldades crescentes em combater e de se adaptarem aos impactos provocados pelas alterações climáticas, as populações destas regiões vêem-se forçadas a sair dos seus países de origem, em busca de melhores condições de vida. Esta procura pela sobrevivência acaba por levar a grandes fluxos migratórios em direção à Europa. Tendo em consideração o impacto das alterações climáticas, no aumento dos fluxos migratórios provenientes da África Subsaariana, compreende-se a necessidade de perceber o modo como estes migrantes ou refugiados, no caso daqueles que se vêem obrigados a emigrar por motivos ambientais, são identificados e encarados pela União Europeia. Apesar de existir um certo reconhecimento dos refugiados ambientais no seio da União Europeia como indivíduos que necessitam de ajuda, estes não se integram no estatuto que reconhece os refugiados como indivíduos que possuem o direito de obter proteção internacional, em termos de asilo. Perante isto, entende-se que apesar de não existir qualquer tipo de instrumento jurídico a favor dos refugiados ambientais, têm sido criadas e adotadas, políticas e medidas que têm como base os direitos humanos, no sentido de fornecer ajuda humanitária a estes indivíduos. Estas são desenvolvidas com o objetivo de combater as causas profundas das alterações climáticas, de modo a permitir à União Europeia contornar as causas das migrações. Global warming is considered a phenomenon that causes changes on the Earth’s climate, involving the occurrence of extreme climatic phenomena. This causes very negative impacts on the environments in which certain populations are inserted. Sub-Saharan Africa considered the regions that are most vulnerable to climate change. This is because with the evolution of situations of extreme drought, floods or high temperatures, there is an aggravation of problems such as extreme poverty, food insecurity, scarcity of resources and the appearance of diseases. In view of the growing difficulties in combating and adapting to the impacts caused by climate change, the populations of those regions are forced to leave their countries of origin, seeking better living conditions. This search for survival ends up leading to major migratory influxes towards Europe. Taking into account the impact of climate change on the increase in migratory flows from Sub-Saharan Africa, it’s important to understand the way in which these migrants or refugees, in the case of those who feel forced to migrate for environmental reasons, are identified and seen by the European Union. Although there is a certain recognition, within the European Union, of environmental refugees, as people in need of help, they are not part of refugee recognition status, as individuals who have the right to obtain international protection in terms of asylum. In view of this, it is understood that although there is no legal instrument in favour of environmental refugees, policies and measures, which are based on human rights, are being created and adopted in order to provide humanitarian assistance to these individuals. These measures and policies are developed with the objective of combating the root causes of climate change, in order to allow the European Union to circumvent the causes of migration. Dissertação de mestrado em Relações Internacionais

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    Universidade do Minho: RepositoriUM
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      Universidade do Minho: RepositoriUM
      Other ORP type . 2021
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