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description Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2020Publisher:Zenodo Authors: Kalinina, O. Yu.; Sapozhnikov, P.V.;Plastic pollution of the water bodies of the World is a big problem. We studied the mechanisms and forms of plastic debris overgrowth with microalgae in order to propose new ideas for the cultivation of algae for biofuelon new polymer substrates.
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visibility 7visibility views 7 download downloads 6 Powered bymore_vert add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Other literature type 2018Publisher:Записки Горного института Authors: V. N. Brichkin; Viktor M. Sizyakov;The scientific justification and development of the method for industrial synthesis of complex aluminates of alkaline earth metals is an innovative solution that determined several directions in the development of technology for complex processing of nepheline raw materials. It ensures the production of high-quality metallurgical alumina, the effective utilization of nepheline sludge and production of new types of multipurpose by-products. The modern development of these technical solutions is associated with ensuring the energy efficiency of the synthesis of hydrafed calcium carboaluminates (HCCA) and increasing the level of purification of aluminate solutions. The conditions for synthesizing HCCA with the use of calcareous materials of natural and technogenic origin have been experimentally determined, which makes it possible to isolate the average particle diameter as one of the determining factors of this process. The effect of the turnover of the hydrogarnet sludge on the removal of kinetic limitations in the process of deep desalination of aluminous solutions is theoretically justified. The conditions of a two-stage dosage of HCCA are experimentally determined. It is shown that the optimum ratio of the amount of the reagent supplied in the first and second stages is about 3: 2. At the same time, the maximum degree of precipitation of silica provides the production of aluminate solutions with a silicon module at the level of 95,000, which is achieved by using a HCCA synthesized based on chemically precipitated calcium carbonate in the processing of wastes from the production of mineral fertilizers. Научное обоснование и разработка способа промышленного синтеза сложных алюминатов щелочно-земельных металлов представляет собой инновационное решение, определившее целый ряд направлений в развитии технологии комплексной переработки нефелинового сырья. Это обеспечивает получение высококачественного металлургического глинозема, эффективную утилизацию нефелинового шлама и выпуск новых видов попутной продукции широкого назначения. Современное развитие этих технических решений связано с обеспечением энергоэффективности синтеза гидрокарбоалюминатов кальция (ГКАК) и увеличением глубины очистки алюминатных растворов. Экспериментально определены условия синтеза ГКАК с использованием известковых материалов природного и техногенного происхождения, что позволяет выделить средний диаметр частиц в качестве одного из определяющих факторов этого процесса. Теоретически обосновано влияние оборота гидрогранатового шлама на снятие кинетических ограничений в процессе глубокого обескремнивания алюминатных растворов. Экспериментально определены условия двухстадийной дозировки ГКАК. Показано, что оптимальное соотношение количества реагента, подаваемого на первой и второй стадии, составляет около 3:2. При этом максимальная степень осаждения кремнезема обеспечивает получение алюминатных растворов с кремниевым модулем на уровне 95000, что достигается при использовании ГКАК, синтезированного на основе химически осажденного карбоната кальция при переработке отходов производства минеральных удобрений. №231(3) (2018)
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2021Publisher:Zenodo Authors: Georgy, Pokrytan;Climate change in the world is affecting the growing shortage of fresh water. States in the Mediterranean region that have already experienced the effects of these changes need to take the climate factor into account when managing water resources. Using the example of the Republic of Cyprus, specific adaptation measures were studied and evaluated on the basis of their effectiveness, sustainability in the face of climate change uncertainty and their sustainability in the environmental, socio-economic sectors, as well as potential barriers and risks associated with the implementation of adaptation. The presented review showed that many of the measures taken, which are considered to address the impact of climate change on water resources, increase the adaptive capacity of the water sector, but its overall vulnerability remains high, as water demand is still not met in certain areas and / or for certain uses during a drought.
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visibility 4visibility views 4 download downloads 6 Powered bymore_vert add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2019Publisher:Мониторинг. Наука и технологии The paper focuses on the current state of the Bishiney-Saladag Range glaciers in the Eastern Caucasus and dynamics of their areas change in comparison with the data of the last mid-century. For this investigation the field studies of glacial complexes in the summer seasons of 2016-2019, the information base of the USSR Catalog of Glaciers for 1975, as well as satellite images and remote sensing data have been used. We give an analysis of history of the glaciers study in the region, the glaciation dynamics and the distribution of the number of glaciers in rivers basins. The glaciation in this region, as in the other glacial basins of the Greater Caucasus, is shown to get smaller. During 1965-2019 the area of glaciers decreased by 4.47 km2 that is equal to 55.46. The number of glaciers have decreased by 10 (26.32 of the total) for the same period. The attention is drawn to the disintegration of the largest glaciers, the separation of smaller ones and their reducing in size. There are small glaciers and snowfields (stone glaciers) in the place of melted glaciers. Contraction of the glacial area of the Bishiney-Saladag Range may cause a decrease in the water balance of the Kara-Koisu and Samur rivers and influence the water supply of the population. В статье рассматривается современное состояние ледников Бишиней-Саладагского хребта на Восточном Кавказе и динамика их площадей по сравнению с данными середины прошлого столетия. Использованы экспедиционные методы полевого изучения гляциальных комплексов в летние сезоны 2016-2019 гг., информационная база Каталога ледников СССР 1975 года, космические снимки и данные дистанционного зондирования. Рассмотрены история изучения ледников региона, динамика оледенения и распределение количества ледников по речным бассейнам. Установлено, что в данном регионе, как и в других ледниковых бассейнах Большого Кавказа, оледенение сокращается. Площадь оледенения за полвека сократилась на 4.47 км2, или на 55.46. Количество ледников за этот же период уменьшилось на 10 (26.32 общего числа). Наблюдается также распад более крупных ледников, отчленение меньших ледников и сокращение их размеров. На месте растаявших ледников остаются малые ледники и снежники (каменные глетчеры). Сокращение площади оледенения Бишиней-Саладагского хребта может в перспективе привести к уменьшению водного баланса рек Каракойсу и Самур и влиять на водообеспеченность населения. №4(42) (2019)
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Dataset 2018Publisher:O-Kratkoe Ltd Authors: I. S. Glushankova; E. V. Kalinina; E. N. Demina;The purification of industrial and surface wastewater from heavy metal ions (HMI) to requirements for the discharge of treated wastewater into natural waters is one of the most complicated environmental and technological problems. For the deep purification of waste water from the HMI, the use of cheap sorbents obtained from production waste is the most promising. One of the many-tonnage wastes of technology of inorganic substances is the sludge formed in the production of soda by the ammonia Solvay, s method. Currently, sludge is stored in sludge accumulators and is a long-term source of pollution of environmental objects. Scientific developments in the utilization of slimes with the production of building materials, etc., have not found wide practical use, which is due to the heterogeneity of the granulometric and chemical composition of the waste. Carried out X-ray phase analysis and studies of the physicochemical and chemical properties of waste samples showed that its main components are calcium carbonate (calcite) and calcium hydroxide (portlandite). It is known that the natural mineral limestone efficiently extracts HMI from aqueous solutions with the formation of less soluble basic salts, carbonates, and hydroxy carbonates of HM. It has been established that sludge samples have high sorption activity when copper(II) and zinc ions are extracted from low concentrated solutions (sorption capacity for copper ions is 35.0 mg/g, sorption capacity for zinc ions is 40 mg/g). To increase the operational properties, a method has been developed for the production of a modified granular sorbent based on the sludge of soda production, consisting in treating with sodium silicate. The effect of a dose of sodium silicate in the sorbent composition on the mechanical strength and sorption properties of the obtained samples was studied. It has been established that the introduction of 8,6% SiO2 into the sludge leads to an increase in the mechanical strength by 50–80%, and does not have a significant effect on the sorption activity of the material. The kinetic and sorption regularities of extraction of copper(II) ions and zinc on modified sorbents are revealed. Based on the analysis of the adsorption isotherms obtained, the adsorption equilibrium constants and maximum adsorption values (Amax (Cu2+) = 50.8 mg/g; Amax (Zn2+) = 97.1 mg/g) were determined. Obtained sorption materials can be recommended for wastewater treatment from HMI.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Conference object 2019 Russian FederationPublisher:УрФУ Authors: Shkred, M. A.; Mitroshin, M .A.; Ponomarev, I. A.;В работе проанализировано потребление электроэнергии модулем опреснителя. Рассчитаны средние показатели расхода и мощности опреснителя, требуемая мощность установки на основе нетрадиционной и возобновляемой энергии. Подведены итоги исследования. The paper analyzes the power consumption of the desalination unit. The average indicators of consumption and capacity of the desalination plant were calculated, as well as the required capacity of the installation based on unconventional and renewable energy. The results of the study are summarized.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2023Publisher:ООО Цифра The study analysed data on species composition and quantitative characteristics of zoobenthos based on the data of environmental inventory and passportization of Kazan. Data on zoobenthos organisms of 36 urbanized lakes were used. The predominant group by species composition in the zoobenthos community is insects, making up 53% of the total species composition, chironomids were the most frequent. The most frequently occurring and red-listed species of zoobenthos organisms were found. Zoobenthos numbers varied from 10 to 2800 eq/m2 in different water bodies; biomass values varied from 0.04 to 61.15 g/m3. According to the Shannon and Simpson species diversity indices, most of the lakes belong to the category of polluted with stable communities. The lake ecosystems located in the Novo-Savinovsky and Kirovsky districts of Kazan and belonging to the first supra-floodplain terrace of the Kazanka River and the Volga River are among the most significant in terms of species diversity of biological resources. The biological resources of lakes in Kazan, which are subjected to strong anthropogenic load, need to be protected, and the lakes need to be improved and rationally used. В ходе исследования анализировались данные по видовому составу и количественным характеристикам зообентоса на основе данных экологической инвентаризации и паспортизации г. Казани. Использованы данные об организмах зообентоса 36 урбанизированных озер. Преобладающей группой по видовому составу в зообентосном сообществе являются насекомые, составляющие 53% от общей видового состава, наиболее часто встречались хирономиды. Выявлены наиболее часто встречающиеся и краснокнижные виды организмов зообентоса. Значения численности зообентоса изменялось от 10 до 2800 экз./м2 на разных водных объектах; значение биомассы изменялось от 0,04 до 61,15 г/м3. Согласно индексам видового разноообразия Шеннона и Симпсона, большая часть озер относится к категории загрязненных с устойчивым сообществом. К наиболее значимым по видовому разнообразию биологических ресурсов относятся озёрные экосистемы, расположенные территориально в Ново-Савиновском и Кировском районах г. Казани, относящиеся к первой надпойменной террасе реки Казанки и Волги. Биоресурсы озёр г. Казани, подвергаемые сильной антропогенной нагрузке, нуждаются в охране, а озера – в благоустройстве и рациональном использовании. Международный научно-исследовательский журнал, Выпуск 10 (136) 2023
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2021Publisher:ЗАО "Научно-техническая фирма "Энергопрогресс" One of the most effective and reliable ways to increase the efficiency of CHP is the organization of heating raw water in the condensers of cogeneration turbines with the simultaneous supply of circulating water through the main bundles. The temperature of raw water supplied to the chemical water treatment at most CHP plants should not exceed 30-40 °C. Fulfillment of this condition is not always possible, and it becomes necessary to analyze and adjust the operating modes of turbines, which provide the most effective heating of water in the built-in bundles. Such an analysis can be carried out quite simply on the basis of operational data and a mathematical model of the condenser developed at the Department of Heat Engineering and Hydraulics of VyatSU. In this paper, an analysis algorithm is considered based on the actual data obtained during the tests of the condenser of the PT-80-130 turbine unit in the mode of its operation according to the electrical schedule, conclusions are drawn from the analysis results. Один из наиболее надёжных способов повышения эффективности ТЭЦ -- организация подогрева сырой (подпиточной) воды в конденсаторах теплофикационных турбоустановок при одновременной подаче циркуляционной воды через основные пучки. Температура сырой воды, подаваемой в цех химводоочистки, на большинстве ТЭЦ не должна превышать 30 - 40\\оС. Выполнение данного условия не всегда возможно, и возникает необходимость анализа и корректировки режимов эксплуатации турбоустановок, обеспечивающих наиболее эффективный подогрев воды во встроенных пучках. Проведение такого анализа достаточно просто можно выполнить на основе эксплуатационных данных и математической модели конденсатора, разработанной на кафедре теплотехники и гидравлики ВятГУ. В данной работе рассмотрен алгоритм проведения анализа на основе фактических данных, полученных при испытаниях конденсатора турбоустановки ПТ-80-130 в режиме её работы по электрическому графику, сделаны выводы по результатам анализа. Электрические станции, Выпуск 7 (1080) 2021, Pages 9-14
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2022Publisher:ФГБНУ «Федеральный аграрный научный центр Республики Дагестан» Сушка кормовых средств способствует удалению влаги и предотвращает в растительных клетках биохимические процессы, способствующие разрушению белков, жиров и углеводов. Соблюдение температурного режима в допустимых пределах при сушке кормов позволяет сохранить в них питательные вещества, в том числе витамины. Сушка зерна или других кормовых средств – достаточно энергозатратный способ их заготовки. Использование геотермальной воды как источника тепла для сушки представляется достаточно эффективным в плане энергосбережения и снижения физических затрат. Высокая температура геотермальной воды (87-90°С), при прохождении по трубам, уложенным в полу при помощи бетонной стяжки, способствует прогреву и сушке растительной продукции. Высокий уровень температурного режима и нормативы качества термальной воды позволяют использовать ее при реализации способа сушки зерна и различных видов рассыпных комбикормов. Кроме того, применение термальной воды в качестве тепловой энергии напольного водяного теплого пола является одним из самых энерго-и ресурсосберегающих способов при сушке зерна и различных видов сочных кормов. Предлагаемый кондуктивный способ сушки зерна представлен по принципу соприкосновения сырья с нагретой поверхностью, при котором обычно наблюдаются большие расходы топлива, но в нашем случае тепловым агентом служит термальная вода, при котором энергетические затраты сводятся к минимуму. Использование предложенного способа предполагает применение различного вида ворошителей, что в свою очередь сопряжено с дополнительными энергетическими затратами. Наряду с этим, выявлена низкая производительность сушилки, связанная с невысокой температурой и неравномерного ее распределения по бетонному полу. В исследованиях статьи предлагаются результаты и эффективность применения способа сушки и приготовления разных кормовых средств с использованием тепловой энергии геотермальной воды напольного водяного отопления. Drying of feed products helps to remove moisture and prevents biochemical processes in plant cells that contribute to the destruction of proteins, fats and carbohydrates. Compliance with the temperature regime within acceptable limits when drying feed allows you to preserve nutrients in them, including vitamins. Drying grain or other feed products is a fairly energy–intensive way of harvesting them. The use of geothermal water as a heat source for drying seems to be quite effective in terms of energy saving and reducing physical costs. The high temperature of geothermal water (87-90°C), when passing through pipes laid in the floor with a concrete screed, contributes to the heating and drying of plant products. The high level of the temperature regime and the quality standards of thermal water allow it to be used in the implementation of the method of drying grain and various types of loose compound feeds. The proposed conductive method of drying grain is presented according to the principle of contact of raw materials with a heated surface, in which large fuel costs are usually observed, but in our case thermal water serves as a thermal agent, in which energy costs are minimized. The use of the proposed method involves the use of various types of agitators, which in turn involves additional energy costs. Along with this, the low productivity of the dryer was revealed, due to the low temperature and its uneven distribution on the concrete floor. In the research of the article, the results and effectiveness of the application of the method of drying and preparation of various feed products using the thermal energy of geothermal water of underfloor water heating are proposed. Горное сельское хозяйство, Выпуск 5 2022
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2023Publisher:ООО Цифра The relevance of the topic is determined by the existing problems in the creation of new environmentally friendly technological processes to ensure the rational use of available renewable resources. Due to the rapid depletion of non-renewable resources, and subsequent pollution of the environment, people faced the question of reorganizing their activities and reducing the harmful effects by using waste resources to create a new type of fuel. The subject of the study is the subsequent utilization of wastewater in the production of liquid biofuel. Various methods of organizing wastewater disposal were examined and their main common disadvantages were characterized. It was established that when applying traditional mechanical and biological treatment methods, there is a necessity in additional treatment of wastewater from biogenic elements and in improvement of methods of treatment and utilization of their sludge. As a result of the research, it was concluded that the application of traditional mechanical and biological treatment methods necessitates additional treatment of wastewater from nutrients and improvement of treatment and disposal of sludge. As one of the most promising methods of additional treatment, it was proposed to use wastewater as a medium for cultivation of energy microalgae in closed-type photobioreactors with subsequent production of liquid biofuel of the third generation. Актуальность темы определяется наличием проблем в создании новых экологически безопасных технологических процессов для обеспечения рационального использования имеющихся возобновляемых ресурсов. Из-за быстрого истощения невозобновляемых ресурсов, в последующем загрязнении окружающей среды, перед человеком встал вопрос о реорганизации своей деятельности и уменьшения пагубных последствий путем применения отработанных ресурсов для создания нового вида топлива. Предметом исследования является последующее использование сточных вод в производстве жидкого биотоплива. Были рассмотрены различные методы организации водоотведения, охарактеризованы их основные общие недостатки. Выяснилось, что при применении традиционных механических и биологических методов очистки возникает необходимость в доочистке сточных вод от биогенных элементов и в усовершенствовании способов обработки и утилизации их осадков. В итоге исследования был сделан вывод, что при применении традиционных механических и биологических методов очистки возникает необходимость в доочистке сточных вод от биогенных элементов и в усовершенствовании способов обработки и утилизации их осадков. Как один из самых перспективных методов доочистки предложено использование сточных вод как среды для культивирования энергетических микроводорослей в фотобиореакторах закрытого типа с последующим производством жидкого биотоплива третьего поколения. Международный научно-исследовательский журнал, Выпуск 10 (136) 2023
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description Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2020Publisher:Zenodo Authors: Kalinina, O. Yu.; Sapozhnikov, P.V.;Plastic pollution of the water bodies of the World is a big problem. We studied the mechanisms and forms of plastic debris overgrowth with microalgae in order to propose new ideas for the cultivation of algae for biofuelon new polymer substrates.
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visibility 7visibility views 7 download downloads 6 Powered bymore_vert add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Other literature type 2018Publisher:Записки Горного института Authors: V. N. Brichkin; Viktor M. Sizyakov;The scientific justification and development of the method for industrial synthesis of complex aluminates of alkaline earth metals is an innovative solution that determined several directions in the development of technology for complex processing of nepheline raw materials. It ensures the production of high-quality metallurgical alumina, the effective utilization of nepheline sludge and production of new types of multipurpose by-products. The modern development of these technical solutions is associated with ensuring the energy efficiency of the synthesis of hydrafed calcium carboaluminates (HCCA) and increasing the level of purification of aluminate solutions. The conditions for synthesizing HCCA with the use of calcareous materials of natural and technogenic origin have been experimentally determined, which makes it possible to isolate the average particle diameter as one of the determining factors of this process. The effect of the turnover of the hydrogarnet sludge on the removal of kinetic limitations in the process of deep desalination of aluminous solutions is theoretically justified. The conditions of a two-stage dosage of HCCA are experimentally determined. It is shown that the optimum ratio of the amount of the reagent supplied in the first and second stages is about 3: 2. At the same time, the maximum degree of precipitation of silica provides the production of aluminate solutions with a silicon module at the level of 95,000, which is achieved by using a HCCA synthesized based on chemically precipitated calcium carbonate in the processing of wastes from the production of mineral fertilizers. Научное обоснование и разработка способа промышленного синтеза сложных алюминатов щелочно-земельных металлов представляет собой инновационное решение, определившее целый ряд направлений в развитии технологии комплексной переработки нефелинового сырья. Это обеспечивает получение высококачественного металлургического глинозема, эффективную утилизацию нефелинового шлама и выпуск новых видов попутной продукции широкого назначения. Современное развитие этих технических решений связано с обеспечением энергоэффективности синтеза гидрокарбоалюминатов кальция (ГКАК) и увеличением глубины очистки алюминатных растворов. Экспериментально определены условия синтеза ГКАК с использованием известковых материалов природного и техногенного происхождения, что позволяет выделить средний диаметр частиц в качестве одного из определяющих факторов этого процесса. Теоретически обосновано влияние оборота гидрогранатового шлама на снятие кинетических ограничений в процессе глубокого обескремнивания алюминатных растворов. Экспериментально определены условия двухстадийной дозировки ГКАК. Показано, что оптимальное соотношение количества реагента, подаваемого на первой и второй стадии, составляет около 3:2. При этом максимальная степень осаждения кремнезема обеспечивает получение алюминатных растворов с кремниевым модулем на уровне 95000, что достигается при использовании ГКАК, синтезированного на основе химически осажденного карбоната кальция при переработке отходов производства минеральных удобрений. №231(3) (2018)
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2021Publisher:Zenodo Authors: Georgy, Pokrytan;Climate change in the world is affecting the growing shortage of fresh water. States in the Mediterranean region that have already experienced the effects of these changes need to take the climate factor into account when managing water resources. Using the example of the Republic of Cyprus, specific adaptation measures were studied and evaluated on the basis of their effectiveness, sustainability in the face of climate change uncertainty and their sustainability in the environmental, socio-economic sectors, as well as potential barriers and risks associated with the implementation of adaptation. The presented review showed that many of the measures taken, which are considered to address the impact of climate change on water resources, increase the adaptive capacity of the water sector, but its overall vulnerability remains high, as water demand is still not met in certain areas and / or for certain uses during a drought.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen 0 citations 0 popularity Average influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!
visibility 4visibility views 4 download downloads 6 Powered bymore_vert add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2019Publisher:Мониторинг. Наука и технологии The paper focuses on the current state of the Bishiney-Saladag Range glaciers in the Eastern Caucasus and dynamics of their areas change in comparison with the data of the last mid-century. For this investigation the field studies of glacial complexes in the summer seasons of 2016-2019, the information base of the USSR Catalog of Glaciers for 1975, as well as satellite images and remote sensing data have been used. We give an analysis of history of the glaciers study in the region, the glaciation dynamics and the distribution of the number of glaciers in rivers basins. The glaciation in this region, as in the other glacial basins of the Greater Caucasus, is shown to get smaller. During 1965-2019 the area of glaciers decreased by 4.47 km2 that is equal to 55.46. The number of glaciers have decreased by 10 (26.32 of the total) for the same period. The attention is drawn to the disintegration of the largest glaciers, the separation of smaller ones and their reducing in size. There are small glaciers and snowfields (stone glaciers) in the place of melted glaciers. Contraction of the glacial area of the Bishiney-Saladag Range may cause a decrease in the water balance of the Kara-Koisu and Samur rivers and influence the water supply of the population. В статье рассматривается современное состояние ледников Бишиней-Саладагского хребта на Восточном Кавказе и динамика их площадей по сравнению с данными середины прошлого столетия. Использованы экспедиционные методы полевого изучения гляциальных комплексов в летние сезоны 2016-2019 гг., информационная база Каталога ледников СССР 1975 года, космические снимки и данные дистанционного зондирования. Рассмотрены история изучения ледников региона, динамика оледенения и распределение количества ледников по речным бассейнам. Установлено, что в данном регионе, как и в других ледниковых бассейнах Большого Кавказа, оледенение сокращается. Площадь оледенения за полвека сократилась на 4.47 км2, или на 55.46. Количество ледников за этот же период уменьшилось на 10 (26.32 общего числа). Наблюдается также распад более крупных ледников, отчленение меньших ледников и сокращение их размеров. На месте растаявших ледников остаются малые ледники и снежники (каменные глетчеры). Сокращение площади оледенения Бишиней-Саладагского хребта может в перспективе привести к уменьшению водного баланса рек Каракойсу и Самур и влиять на водообеспеченность населения. №4(42) (2019)
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Dataset 2018Publisher:O-Kratkoe Ltd Authors: I. S. Glushankova; E. V. Kalinina; E. N. Demina;The purification of industrial and surface wastewater from heavy metal ions (HMI) to requirements for the discharge of treated wastewater into natural waters is one of the most complicated environmental and technological problems. For the deep purification of waste water from the HMI, the use of cheap sorbents obtained from production waste is the most promising. One of the many-tonnage wastes of technology of inorganic substances is the sludge formed in the production of soda by the ammonia Solvay, s method. Currently, sludge is stored in sludge accumulators and is a long-term source of pollution of environmental objects. Scientific developments in the utilization of slimes with the production of building materials, etc., have not found wide practical use, which is due to the heterogeneity of the granulometric and chemical composition of the waste. Carried out X-ray phase analysis and studies of the physicochemical and chemical properties of waste samples showed that its main components are calcium carbonate (calcite) and calcium hydroxide (portlandite). It is known that the natural mineral limestone efficiently extracts HMI from aqueous solutions with the formation of less soluble basic salts, carbonates, and hydroxy carbonates of HM. It has been established that sludge samples have high sorption activity when copper(II) and zinc ions are extracted from low concentrated solutions (sorption capacity for copper ions is 35.0 mg/g, sorption capacity for zinc ions is 40 mg/g). To increase the operational properties, a method has been developed for the production of a modified granular sorbent based on the sludge of soda production, consisting in treating with sodium silicate. The effect of a dose of sodium silicate in the sorbent composition on the mechanical strength and sorption properties of the obtained samples was studied. It has been established that the introduction of 8,6% SiO2 into the sludge leads to an increase in the mechanical strength by 50–80%, and does not have a significant effect on the sorption activity of the material. The kinetic and sorption regularities of extraction of copper(II) ions and zinc on modified sorbents are revealed. Based on the analysis of the adsorption isotherms obtained, the adsorption equilibrium constants and maximum adsorption values (Amax (Cu2+) = 50.8 mg/g; Amax (Zn2+) = 97.1 mg/g) were determined. Obtained sorption materials can be recommended for wastewater treatment from HMI.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Conference object 2019 Russian FederationPublisher:УрФУ Authors: Shkred, M. A.; Mitroshin, M .A.; Ponomarev, I. A.;В работе проанализировано потребление электроэнергии модулем опреснителя. Рассчитаны средние показатели расхода и мощности опреснителя, требуемая мощность установки на основе нетрадиционной и возобновляемой энергии. Подведены итоги исследования. The paper analyzes the power consumption of the desalination unit. The average indicators of consumption and capacity of the desalination plant were calculated, as well as the required capacity of the installation based on unconventional and renewable energy. The results of the study are summarized.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2023Publisher:ООО Цифра The study analysed data on species composition and quantitative characteristics of zoobenthos based on the data of environmental inventory and passportization of Kazan. Data on zoobenthos organisms of 36 urbanized lakes were used. The predominant group by species composition in the zoobenthos community is insects, making up 53% of the total species composition, chironomids were the most frequent. The most frequently occurring and red-listed species of zoobenthos organisms were found. Zoobenthos numbers varied from 10 to 2800 eq/m2 in different water bodies; biomass values varied from 0.04 to 61.15 g/m3. According to the Shannon and Simpson species diversity indices, most of the lakes belong to the category of polluted with stable communities. The lake ecosystems located in the Novo-Savinovsky and Kirovsky districts of Kazan and belonging to the first supra-floodplain terrace of the Kazanka River and the Volga River are among the most significant in terms of species diversity of biological resources. The biological resources of lakes in Kazan, which are subjected to strong anthropogenic load, need to be protected, and the lakes need to be improved and rationally used. В ходе исследования анализировались данные по видовому составу и количественным характеристикам зообентоса на основе данных экологической инвентаризации и паспортизации г. Казани. Использованы данные об организмах зообентоса 36 урбанизированных озер. Преобладающей группой по видовому составу в зообентосном сообществе являются насекомые, составляющие 53% от общей видового состава, наиболее часто встречались хирономиды. Выявлены наиболее часто встречающиеся и краснокнижные виды организмов зообентоса. Значения численности зообентоса изменялось от 10 до 2800 экз./м2 на разных водных объектах; значение биомассы изменялось от 0,04 до 61,15 г/м3. Согласно индексам видового разноообразия Шеннона и Симпсона, большая часть озер относится к категории загрязненных с устойчивым сообществом. К наиболее значимым по видовому разнообразию биологических ресурсов относятся озёрные экосистемы, расположенные территориально в Ново-Савиновском и Кировском районах г. Казани, относящиеся к первой надпойменной террасе реки Казанки и Волги. Биоресурсы озёр г. Казани, подвергаемые сильной антропогенной нагрузке, нуждаются в охране, а озера – в благоустройстве и рациональном использовании. Международный научно-исследовательский журнал, Выпуск 10 (136) 2023
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2021Publisher:ЗАО "Научно-техническая фирма "Энергопрогресс" One of the most effective and reliable ways to increase the efficiency of CHP is the organization of heating raw water in the condensers of cogeneration turbines with the simultaneous supply of circulating water through the main bundles. The temperature of raw water supplied to the chemical water treatment at most CHP plants should not exceed 30-40 °C. Fulfillment of this condition is not always possible, and it becomes necessary to analyze and adjust the operating modes of turbines, which provide the most effective heating of water in the built-in bundles. Such an analysis can be carried out quite simply on the basis of operational data and a mathematical model of the condenser developed at the Department of Heat Engineering and Hydraulics of VyatSU. In this paper, an analysis algorithm is considered based on the actual data obtained during the tests of the condenser of the PT-80-130 turbine unit in the mode of its operation according to the electrical schedule, conclusions are drawn from the analysis results. Один из наиболее надёжных способов повышения эффективности ТЭЦ -- организация подогрева сырой (подпиточной) воды в конденсаторах теплофикационных турбоустановок при одновременной подаче циркуляционной воды через основные пучки. Температура сырой воды, подаваемой в цех химводоочистки, на большинстве ТЭЦ не должна превышать 30 - 40\\оС. Выполнение данного условия не всегда возможно, и возникает необходимость анализа и корректировки режимов эксплуатации турбоустановок, обеспечивающих наиболее эффективный подогрев воды во встроенных пучках. Проведение такого анализа достаточно просто можно выполнить на основе эксплуатационных данных и математической модели конденсатора, разработанной на кафедре теплотехники и гидравлики ВятГУ. В данной работе рассмотрен алгоритм проведения анализа на основе фактических данных, полученных при испытаниях конденсатора турбоустановки ПТ-80-130 в режиме её работы по электрическому графику, сделаны выводы по результатам анализа. Электрические станции, Выпуск 7 (1080) 2021, Pages 9-14
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2022Publisher:ФГБНУ «Федеральный аграрный научный центр Республики Дагестан» Сушка кормовых средств способствует удалению влаги и предотвращает в растительных клетках биохимические процессы, способствующие разрушению белков, жиров и углеводов. Соблюдение температурного режима в допустимых пределах при сушке кормов позволяет сохранить в них питательные вещества, в том числе витамины. Сушка зерна или других кормовых средств – достаточно энергозатратный способ их заготовки. Использование геотермальной воды как источника тепла для сушки представляется достаточно эффективным в плане энергосбережения и снижения физических затрат. Высокая температура геотермальной воды (87-90°С), при прохождении по трубам, уложенным в полу при помощи бетонной стяжки, способствует прогреву и сушке растительной продукции. Высокий уровень температурного режима и нормативы качества термальной воды позволяют использовать ее при реализации способа сушки зерна и различных видов рассыпных комбикормов. Кроме того, применение термальной воды в качестве тепловой энергии напольного водяного теплого пола является одним из самых энерго-и ресурсосберегающих способов при сушке зерна и различных видов сочных кормов. Предлагаемый кондуктивный способ сушки зерна представлен по принципу соприкосновения сырья с нагретой поверхностью, при котором обычно наблюдаются большие расходы топлива, но в нашем случае тепловым агентом служит термальная вода, при котором энергетические затраты сводятся к минимуму. Использование предложенного способа предполагает применение различного вида ворошителей, что в свою очередь сопряжено с дополнительными энергетическими затратами. Наряду с этим, выявлена низкая производительность сушилки, связанная с невысокой температурой и неравномерного ее распределения по бетонному полу. В исследованиях статьи предлагаются результаты и эффективность применения способа сушки и приготовления разных кормовых средств с использованием тепловой энергии геотермальной воды напольного водяного отопления. Drying of feed products helps to remove moisture and prevents biochemical processes in plant cells that contribute to the destruction of proteins, fats and carbohydrates. Compliance with the temperature regime within acceptable limits when drying feed allows you to preserve nutrients in them, including vitamins. Drying grain or other feed products is a fairly energy–intensive way of harvesting them. The use of geothermal water as a heat source for drying seems to be quite effective in terms of energy saving and reducing physical costs. The high temperature of geothermal water (87-90°C), when passing through pipes laid in the floor with a concrete screed, contributes to the heating and drying of plant products. The high level of the temperature regime and the quality standards of thermal water allow it to be used in the implementation of the method of drying grain and various types of loose compound feeds. The proposed conductive method of drying grain is presented according to the principle of contact of raw materials with a heated surface, in which large fuel costs are usually observed, but in our case thermal water serves as a thermal agent, in which energy costs are minimized. The use of the proposed method involves the use of various types of agitators, which in turn involves additional energy costs. Along with this, the low productivity of the dryer was revealed, due to the low temperature and its uneven distribution on the concrete floor. In the research of the article, the results and effectiveness of the application of the method of drying and preparation of various feed products using the thermal energy of geothermal water of underfloor water heating are proposed. Горное сельское хозяйство, Выпуск 5 2022
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2023Publisher:ООО Цифра The relevance of the topic is determined by the existing problems in the creation of new environmentally friendly technological processes to ensure the rational use of available renewable resources. Due to the rapid depletion of non-renewable resources, and subsequent pollution of the environment, people faced the question of reorganizing their activities and reducing the harmful effects by using waste resources to create a new type of fuel. The subject of the study is the subsequent utilization of wastewater in the production of liquid biofuel. Various methods of organizing wastewater disposal were examined and their main common disadvantages were characterized. It was established that when applying traditional mechanical and biological treatment methods, there is a necessity in additional treatment of wastewater from biogenic elements and in improvement of methods of treatment and utilization of their sludge. As a result of the research, it was concluded that the application of traditional mechanical and biological treatment methods necessitates additional treatment of wastewater from nutrients and improvement of treatment and disposal of sludge. As one of the most promising methods of additional treatment, it was proposed to use wastewater as a medium for cultivation of energy microalgae in closed-type photobioreactors with subsequent production of liquid biofuel of the third generation. Актуальность темы определяется наличием проблем в создании новых экологически безопасных технологических процессов для обеспечения рационального использования имеющихся возобновляемых ресурсов. Из-за быстрого истощения невозобновляемых ресурсов, в последующем загрязнении окружающей среды, перед человеком встал вопрос о реорганизации своей деятельности и уменьшения пагубных последствий путем применения отработанных ресурсов для создания нового вида топлива. Предметом исследования является последующее использование сточных вод в производстве жидкого биотоплива. Были рассмотрены различные методы организации водоотведения, охарактеризованы их основные общие недостатки. Выяснилось, что при применении традиционных механических и биологических методов очистки возникает необходимость в доочистке сточных вод от биогенных элементов и в усовершенствовании способов обработки и утилизации их осадков. В итоге исследования был сделан вывод, что при применении традиционных механических и биологических методов очистки возникает необходимость в доочистке сточных вод от биогенных элементов и в усовершенствовании способов обработки и утилизации их осадков. Как один из самых перспективных методов доочистки предложено использование сточных вод как среды для культивирования энергетических микроводорослей в фотобиореакторах закрытого типа с последующим производством жидкого биотоплива третьего поколения. Международный научно-исследовательский журнал, Выпуск 10 (136) 2023
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