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East Lisbon is being exposed to large-scale urban regeneration processes, where luxury residential projects and mixed-use spatial developments are already underway. Thus, it is a living laboratory for “smart”, “creative” and “green” projects, as well as related urban public space interventions. Braço de Prata is an urban space overlooked by developers, being surrounded by obsolete industrial buildings. Concerning the recent interest in international investments in brownfield regeneration and greenfield developments, it represents an attractive urban terrain as a post-industrial working-class neighbourhood, where “smart” and “green” suggest transforming space so that both new and old residents can live and work together and share public space regardless of analysis on their environmental recognitions. The aim of this paper is to present an empirical evaluation model that examines the possible impacts of environmental negligence through the reorganisation of the physical and social fabric. The analyses focus on dwellers’ moral understanding of their changing environment as site-specific domains to address the unique conditions that affect transiently defined presumptions about the collective needs. Taking an evaluative approach in the Braço de Prata case, this paper demonstrates the specific socio-ecological implications of urban inequality in post-industrial neighbourhoods that could be threatened by new decisions, both through urban planning approaches and instruments.

Bioenergy is considered a sustainable substitute to fossil-fuel resources and the development of a prudent combination of renewable and innovative conversion technologies are essential for the valorization and effective conversion of biowaste to value-added commodities. Here, a negative pressure-induced carbonization process was proposed for the valorization of lignin-enriched biowaste precursor to bio-oil and environmental materials (biochar) at various temperatures. The high heating values (HHV) of the as-prepared biochars from the lignin enriched precursor under negative pressure (low-medium vacuum) were within 25.9-31.5 MJ/kg, which matched satisfactorily to the commercial charcoal. Whereas, the bio-oils produced from the lignin enriched precursor under vacuum conditions was a blend of complex aromatic and straight-chain hydro-carbons, including aldehyde, ketone, phenol, and furans, exhibiting ability as potential heating-oil with HHV within 21.2-28.2 MJ/kg. Moreover, the biochars produced under vacuum environments at higher temperature showed greater stability (22.5-35.9%) than those produced under N2 atmosphere.

AbstractRemittances to the Philippines constitute a prominent part of its economy. However, remittances' effects on its environment have not been researched. In this regard, this research examines the direct and indirect impacts of remittance inflows on the Philippines' environmental sustainability for the 1977–2016 period by proposing a multivariate model, and by utilising the augmented ARDL and VECM methods to estimate this model. Our findings indicate that remittance inflows threaten environmental sustainability in the long‐run both directly and indirectly through boosting income and energy (oil) consumption. The results additionally imply that income and energy consumption also increase the ecological footprint of the Philippines in the long‐run. However, economic globalisation's long‐run impact is insignificant, yet its short‐run impact is significantly negative on the country's level of environmental degradation. Additionally, the findings reveal that the feedback hypothesis is valid between income and energy consumption in the long‐run, but the neutrality hypothesis is valid in the short‐run. This research's findings reveal that remittance inflows' impact on the environment is significant, and can occur through direct and various indirect channels, therefore, these inflows should be an integral part of sustainability policies in the Philippines, as ignoring them could cause further environmental decline.

Sustainable development is one of the issues that many developed and developing countries focus on in the world. The sustainability of human and natural resources is of great importance for securing the world and humanity's common future. In this context, this study aims to evaluate the socio-economic structure of Erzurum with analytical hierarchy process (AHP) and digitized strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats analysis considering sustainable development goals (SDGs). The items included in the Agenda 21 report of the United Nations and 17 SDGs determined by the United Nations were taken into consideration in this endeavour. In line with expert opinions, the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats created by the sustainable development goals for Erzurum province were analysed statistically with the AHP. Priority and weighted values of each sub-criterion were calculated. According to this analysis, "the richness of natural, cultural and historical resources for tourism potential" ranks first among the strengths of the province regarding sustainable development goals. Weaknesses include "insufficient investment and entrepreneurial culture". However, "priority region status for development" criterion stands out as the most important opportunity. Threats include "loss of labour force due to migration from agricultural areas" criterion. After the statistical analysis, the quantitative results of made for the best realization of sustainable development for the area were assessed to specify new goals and strategies. Suggestions were offered to define opportunities and strengths, threats and weaknesses with new-build strategies and to make the plans accordingly.

Abstract The transportation sector is one of the main contributors to global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. As the efforts towards emission mitigation increase, the expectation from the sector arises equally. In this analysis, the transportation sector of Turkey is studied to shed light on the future based on historical realizations. In this respect, the Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index (LMDI) method is used to assess and reveal the influential factors on CO2 emissions in the sector between 2000 and 2017. The emission intensity of the sector and fuel switching shows promising trends from 2000 through 2010, whereas growing preference for SUVs challenges emission reductions between 2010 and 2017. The results indicate that i) The transportation sector CO2 emissions are mainly driven upwards by economic growth, followed by population and emission intensity effects from 2000 to 2017 ii) The overall impact of transportation intensity shows significant reduction potential iii) Fuel switching incentives and fleet efficiency have a positive effect on emission mitigation from 2000 through 2010. However, this gain is reduced due to the rising popularity of SUVs in the rest of the analysis period. In this respect, CO2 emission mitigation in the transportation sector necessitates 1) careful planning of demand management for freight transportation including master designs production/manufacturing sites, material flows, and demand points coupled with economic activities 2) passenger transportation measures to reduce passenger car travel including zoning for public transit corridors, improved public transportation system 3) well-structured incentives on energy-efficient cars and clean energy technologies such as electric vehicles to convince individuals. Analysis can be generalized on a global scale due to the similar dynamics inherent in the sector.

This article contributes to the conservation of modern architectural heritage buildings by emphasizing the retrofitting of their construction systems. Modern architectural heritage buildings in Turkey are crucial in terms of transferring not only the cultural identity of the nations to further generations but also architectural sustainability of its distinguished period. By time, where these buildings can have constructional problems with its original structural systems, proposing a new system related with new earthquake regulations is inevitable in order to conserve them. Because most of the buildings are under threat of being demolished. The purpose of the research is to evaluate existing modern architectural heritage buildings in terms of its existing structural system and to develop a constructional model for renewal of them. As a case study, two hotel examples in İstanbul as a modern architectural heritage is selected, one is Hilton Hotel and the other is Çınar Hotel respectively. Then, the architectural plans and sections of the buildings as a data has been collected through literature survey by content analysis. At the end, the model proposal has been developed for each hotel buildings according to existing structural systems. The proposed models can be applied to sustain the life of the hotel buildings with a retrofitted structural system. So, the paper tries to conserve/protect the modern architectural heritage buildings by retrofitting its construction via presenting a remarkable study of two hotel buildings.

Çay fabrikalarında, çay üretimi sırasında gerekli olan buhar temini için yakıt olarak kömür kullanılmaktadır. Buhar gereksinimindeki enerjinin sağlanması için kullanılan kömürün yanması ile tabanda cüruf atığı ve kuru tip toz siklon filtre sisteminde atık kül oluşmaktadır. Cüruf atığının yollarda dolgu malzemesi olarak değerlendirildiği bilinmektedir. Ancak, filtre sisteminde biriken atığın oldukça ince bir yapıya sahip olduğu ve aktif olarak değerlendirildiği bir kullanım alanının bulunmadığı tespit edilmiştir. Atıkların zararlı etkilerinin bertaraf edilmesi, depolama sorunlarının giderilmesi endüstrilerde önemli sorunların başında gelmektedir. İnsan sağlığına zararları bulunmayan endüstriyel atıkların beton üretiminde kullanılabilirliğinin değerlendirilmesi çevre ve depolama sorunlarını ortadan kaldıracağı gibi kısıtlı olan doğal kaynakların kullanımını da azaltacaktır.Bu çalışmada çay fabrikası atık külünün beton üretiminde değerlendirilmesine yönelik olarak atık malzeme %0 (Referans), %5, %10 ve %15 oranlarda çimentoya ağırlıkça ikame edilmiştir. Atık küllerin ikamesi ile hazırlanan taze betonların çökme miktarı ölçülerek kalıplara yerleştirilmiştir. Kül ikamesi ile üretilen beton numuneler 7, 28 ve 90 gün standart kür edilmişlerdir. Sertleşmiş beton numuneleri üzerinde fiziksel ve mekanik deneyler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, atık külün çalışmada kullanılan miktarlarda beton üretiminde çimento ikame malzemesi olarak değerlendirilebileceği belirlenmiştir.

The construction industry is considered as one of the least productive, highest energy consuming, and least digitized industries. The Lean Management (LM) philosophy became a significant way for eliminating non-value-added activities and wastes during a building’s lifecycle. However, studies have shown that philosophies are not efficient by themselves to solve the issues of the construction industry. They need to be supported with the appropriate technologies and tools. Therefore, the integrated use of Building Information Modelling (BIM) with LM or Value Engineering (VE) were proposed in the literature. Nonetheless, it was also seen that BIM can provide more insights and improvements when BIM is integrated with data analysis tools to analyze BIM data. In the literature, the synergies between these concepts are generally addressed pairwise, and there is no comprehensive framework which identifies their relationships. Therefore, this study aims to develop a maturity framework that facilitates the adoption of LM, VE, BIM, and Big Data Analytic (BDA) concepts to address long-standing productivity and digitalization issues in the Architecture, Engineering, and Construction (AEC) industry. Design Science Research (DSR) methodology and its three-cycle view (relevance, rigor, and design cycle) were applied to build the proposed maturity framework. Two interviews were performed to identify and observe research problem in relevance cycle. In the rigor cycle, a comprehensive literature review was performed to create a base for the development of the maturity framework. In addition to the developed base of the framework, lean processes were added to this cycle. In the design cycle, the developed framework was evaluated and validated by five experts through face-to-face interviews. The importance of employer’s requirements to adopt the proposed methodologies, the negative impact of change orders, the importance of pre-construction phases to facilitate value creation and waste elimination, and the usage of common data environment with BIM were identified as the prominent application and adaptation issues.