• Energy Research
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This paper deals with a mitigation of a three-phase cable line magnetic field by a new type of passive shield. We consider a cable line with a flat arrangement of cables. The developed single-loop shield has an asymmetric magnetic coupling with the cable line, due to the use of two different ferromagnetic cores. Its high shielding efficiency is experimentally confirmed. As the developed shield is 0.2÷0.3 m away from the cable line, its thermal effect on the cable line is negligible. As the result, we obtain expressions for the shielding efficiency, parameters of the shield and the cores.

The electro-hydraulic servo pump control system (EHSPCS) is a volume control system that uses a permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) with a fixed displacement pump to directly drive and control the hydraulic cylinder. The energy transmission law of the system is very complicated due to the transformation of electrical, mechanical and hydraulic energy as well as other energy fields, and qualitative analysis of the energy transfer efficiency is difficult. Energy transfer analysis of the EHSPCS under different working conditions and loads is proposed in this paper. First, the energy flow transfer mechanism was analyzed, and the mathematical and energy transfer models of the key components of the system were established to explore the energy characteristic state transition rule. Second, a power bond diagram model was built, its state equation and state matrix were deduced, and a system simulation model was built. Finally, combined with the EHSPCS experimental platform, simulation experiments were carried out on the dynamic position following and steady-state position holding conditions of the system, and the variation rules of the power of each energy characteristic state and the system energy transfer efficiency under different loads were obtained. The research results provide a foundation for the study of power matching and energy-saving mechanism of the EHSPCS.

The current status and challenges associated with the production and utilization of cellulosic ethanol in Korea are reviewed in this paper. Cellulosic ethanol has emerged as a promising option for mitigating Korea's CO(2) emissions and enhancing its energy security. Korea's limited biomass resources is the most critical barrier to achieving its implementation targets for cellulosic ethanol. Efforts to identify new suitable biomass resources for cellulosic ethanol production are ongoing and intensive. Aquatic biomasses including macroalgae and plantation wastes collected in the Southeast Asia region have been found to have great potential as feedstocks for the production of cellulosic ethanol. R&D explorations into the development of technologies that can convert biomass materials to ethanol more efficiently also are underway. It is expected that cellulosic ethanol will be in supply from 2020 and that, by 2030, its use will have effectively reduced Korea's total gasoline consumption by 10%.

AbstractShipbuilding is an energy-intensive industrial sector that produces a significant amount of waste, pollution and air emissions. However, the International Maritime Organization concentrates only on reducing emissions during the operational phase. In order to completely phase out emissions from the shipping industry, a life-cycle approach must be taken. The study implemented the proposed transdisciplinary energy management framework in a Bangladeshi shipyard. The framework aims to support shipyard decision makers in making rational and optimized decisions to make shipyards sustainable, while maintaining good product quality and reducing relative cost. This is achieved by applying the Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process and Fuzzy Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution methods to identify optimal solutions. In addition to making shipyards more sustainable, the framework can enhance both the business and socio-economic prospects of the shipyard and promote the reputation of the shipyard and improve its competitiveness and, in line with this, lead to the promotion of nationally determined contributions under the Paris Agreement for States. The implementation of the framework shows that the political and legal discipline, the social criteria and the implementation of ISO 14001 and cyber security were the most important criteria and options for the yard's decision makers.

Emissions optimization, particularly for complex engines, relies on developing mathematical correlations or 'Response Surface Models' of engine outputs. There is a clear tradeoff between the complexity of the model and its usefulness for a range of optimization tasks. Several current Sl engine management systems use a 'Spark efficiency curve' to elegantly describe the response of engine torque to spark advance using a prescribed characteristic line that is fitted to a spark sweep with only two degrees of freedom. This provides a powerful method of data reduction. A similar technique has been developed to characterize engine emissions data. A single efficiency curve with only two degrees of freedom can be used to accurately describe the response of, say, hydrocarbon emissions to spark over a wide range of engines and operating conditions. The technique offers similar data reduction advantages for engine management system developers and those optimizing engines using high DoF models. The form and application of the efficiency curves is discussed and examples of application to tasks such as engine emission optimization are discussed.

The energy expended to cool the occupied areas by air conditioners represents a substantial share of the total energy exhausted in buildings. Therefore, developing strategies to reduce this energy is crucial. One of the preponderance strategies adopted to depreciate energy consumption in buildings is the occupancy-based strategy. In this research, an innovative model was established to achieve the goal of reducing cooling energy consumed in buildings based on occupancy-based combined with a constant temperature setpoint strategy in two phases, and each phase engrosses in 20 days. Phase one is to identify the extent of cooling energy employed according to the use of room occupants and its costs in consumption was 276.01 kWh after completion of this phase. Sequentially, constructing phase two intended to reduce cooling energy consumption by employing an automatic air-conditioner (AC) control strategy relying on an improved human detection algorithm with a 25℃ as temperature setpoint, resulting in 112.45 kWh of consumption. To complement the motives for elaboration, the human detection measurement using you only look once (YOLO) improved by applying pre-processing algorithms to reach an average human detection enhancement of 21.2%. The proposed model results showed that potential savings associated with the embraced strategy decreases by more than anticipated as the amount of reduced energy reached 59% savings.

The paper comprises a systematic experimental investigation into the influence of AC test source parameters on the leakage current pulses, voltage fluctuations and flashover voltages of polluted insulators. The test techniques include both salt-and clean-fog methods, while the test insulators comprise long-rod and cap and pin strings of different lengths as well as support columns.

Abstract Carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) is one of several mitigation options that must be implemented in order to reduce anthropogenic CO 2 emissions. The work presented in this paper is a part of the ongoing PRO_CCS project, where the emphasis is on Polish emitters located on or close to the Baltic Sea coast and possible whole chain CCS solutions for these. This paper will focus on the potential use of CO 2 from these sources in CO 2 -EOR projects in the Baltic Sea and/or North Sea. In addition, a number of technical and non-technical CO 2 -EOR related aspects have been identified and discussed. Two oilfields, B8 in the Polish economic sector of the Baltic Sea and Brage on the Norwegian Continental Shelf have been selected. These two fields are matched with suitable emitters in Poland to develop two separate CCUS scenarios. The scenarios will provide a prediction on operations during the CO 2 -EOR project lifetime. These predictions will be based on open information about the oilfields and their current operation, and on available literature on CO 2 -EOR operations. The goal of the project is to assess the economic viability of the two scenarios.