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Bridgeman (2017) describes the important role of population growth in contributing to environmental problems. The present essay argues that population is an important component of human impact on the environment, but it must be considered in combination with consumption rates. A place-based approach, examining the local context for reproductive decisions, is necessary to assess population growth as a contributor to environmental impact and to develop appropriate behavioral interventions. (PsycINFO Database Record

Background and ObjectivesThe study examined the effects of an alcohol challenge on naturalistic drinking among alcohol‐dependent individuals and explored brief motivational interviewing (MI) as a potential intervention for these participants.MethodAlcohol‐dependent individuals (n = 32, eight females) completed the intake assessment, alcohol challenge, one MI session, and 1‐month follow‐up (87.5% retention) where they completed measures of drinking and motivation for change.ResultsAs expected, multilevel mixed models revealed that drinking did not increase post‐alcohol challenge. Participants reported a reduction in ambivalence, drinking days, and a trend towards fewer total drinks between the MI and 1‐month follow‐up.ConclusionsConsistent with other studies, the alcohol challenge did not worsen alcohol use. Results support further investigation of brief MI for alcohol‐dependent participants in alcohol challenges.Scientific SignificanceAlcohol administration to alcohol‐dependent participants appears to not exacerbate naturalistic drinking. MI may be a feasible intervention for non‐treatment seeking alcohol‐dependent participants in alcohol challenge studies. (Am J Addict 2014;23:96–101)

Background: Migration from Latin America to the US has been increasing over the past few decades. Migrants may experience structural and environmental vulnerabilities that increase their risk for negative impacts of climate change upon resettlement. This pilot study examined these determinants of health for Latin American immigrants in Atlanta. Methods: Between May and December 2021, Latin American immigrants were recruited to complete a questionnaire, with a subset completing an in-depth interview. Questionnaire results were analyzed descriptively, and interview responses were analyzed using grounded theory analysis. Results: Fifty-four participants from 11 countries were enrolled and were majority female (87 %), ranging in age from 20 to 72. Length of time in the US varied with 48 % living here for over 15 years. Challenges with structural and environmental determinants of health included running out of medication (54 % of those on daily medication) or food (37 %), household pests (40 %), trouble paying utility bills (31 %), mold (17 %), and no air conditioning (10 %). Only 33 % stated they could easily satisfy their material needs. Fifty-four percent had an emergency plan, while 65 % knew how to find out about emergency alerts. Qualitative analysis identified language barriers, access to healthcare, and poor mental health as common challenges. Social support was a potential factor of resilience. Conclusion: Our findings underscore the influence of social and environmental determinants of health on climate resilience in Atlanta-area immigrants and may inform migrant-focused organizations in providing resources to this community and supporting climate adaptation to safeguard health in this at-risk population.

The purpose of this study was to examine the acute effects of alcohol on aggressive behavior in men and women in a laboratory setting. Participants were 526 (261 men and 265 women) healthy social drinkers between 21 and 35 years of age. They were randomly assigned to either an alcohol or a placebo group. Aggression was measured using a modified version of the Taylor Aggression Paradigm in which electric shocks are received from, and delivered to, a same gender fictitious opponent during a supposed competitive interpersonal task. Aggression was operationalized as the intensity and duration of shocks that participants administered to their "opponent." Overall, men were more aggressive than women. Alcohol increased aggression for both men and women but this effect was stronger for men. This is one of the first laboratory studies to demonstrate that alcohol increases aggression in women.

Rapid urbanization combined with high economic growth, industrialization, and changes in socio-economic conditions increase the quantity of municipal solid waste. Cities located in South-Asia are facing serious issues due to waste, with countries like India, Bangladesh, and Pakistan top of the list of bad waste management. The increasing generation of solid waste and also the improper management of waste in Bangladesh leads to environmental degradation. Current waste management practice in Bangladesh is so weak that day by day it is harming the climate and creating a lot of unwanted situations. This research consists of an examination of the current administrative measures and presents another proposition for the executive cycle to decrease ecological contamination. The research study aims to decrease the amount of waste being dumped into municipal sanitary landfill sites & converting the waste into energy which is both financially and environmentally suitable by involving unemployed people in the management system. The results of this study will give an idea of how waste can be utilized as a resource and how this resource can be a capital good as well as how the local level problems can be solved by taking some strategies and making our environment suitable for future generations.

This paper reports on a methodology developed for studying the effects of various types of prosthetic feet on the gait of trans-femoral amputees. It is shown that an analysis in three planes of motion of not only the prosthetic, but also the sound limb provides important information on the performance of prosthetic feet. Two male trans-femoral amputees were tested with four different prosthetic feet; the Springlite II, Carbon Copy III, Seattle LightFoot and the Multiflex foot. A detailed analysis of the results of one amputee and a summary of the most important results of a second subject is presented. The tests were carried out at normal (1.16 m s(-1)) and fast (1.56 m s(-1)) walking speeds. Three dimensional gait analysis was carried out to derive the time curves of the joint angles, intersegmental moments and power at the ankle, knee and hip joints at both the prosthetic and sound sides. A higher first peak of the ground reaction force at the sound side with the Seattle LightFoot compared to that with the Springlite II, may be the result of the lower late stance dorsiflexion angle with the former. Compared to the other two feet, the Carbon Copy III and the Springlite II showed higher prosthetic dorsiflexing moments and positive power at late stance, which could assist in the push-off. The 3D intersegmental loads at the ankle and knee can be used as a guide for design and for compilation of standards for testing of lower limb prostheses incorporating flexible feet.