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Multi-objective optimization (MOO) has emerged recently as a useful technique in the design andplanning of engineering systems because it allows identifying alternatives leading to significant envi-ronmental savings. MOO models typically contain an infinite number of Pareto solutions, from whichdecision-makers should choose the best one according to their preferences. An approach is here pre-sented that identifies and retains for further inspection a reduced set of Pareto solutions showing betteroverall performance. The capabilities of our approach are illustrated through its application to the designof reverse osmosis desalination plants considering simultaneously the unitary production cost and a setof environmental impacts in several damage categories. Our method reduces significantly the number ofPareto points, thereby facilitating the decision-making process in MOO. The authors would like to acknowledge financial support from the Spanish Government(ENE2011-28269-C03-03, ENE2011-22722, DPI2012-37154-C02-02, CTQ2012-37039-C02) and the Catalan Government for the quality accreditation given to their research groups SUSCAPE and GREA (2009 SGR 545, 2009 SGR 534)

Multi-objective optimization (MOO) has emerged recently as a useful technique in the design andplanning of engineering systems because it allows identifying alternatives leading to significant envi-ronmental savings. MOO models typically contain an infinite number of Pareto solutions, from whichdecision-makers should choose the best one according to their preferences. An approach is here pre-sented that identifies and retains for further inspection a reduced set of Pareto solutions showing betteroverall performance. The capabilities of our approach are illustrated through its application to the designof reverse osmosis desalination plants considering simultaneously the unitary production cost and a setof environmental impacts in several damage categories. Our method reduces significantly the number ofPareto points, thereby facilitating the decision-making process in MOO. The authors would like to acknowledge financial support from the Spanish Government(ENE2011-28269-C03-03, ENE2011-22722, DPI2012-37154-C02-02, CTQ2012-37039-C02) and the Catalan Government for the quality accreditation given to their research groups SUSCAPE and GREA (2009 SGR 545, 2009 SGR 534)

The aim of this work was to study along of different cycles the biomass adaptation process to total polyphenols (TPP) concentrations in an Anaerobic Sequencing Batch Reactor (AnSBR) and to evaluate the degradation of TPP and COD in winery wastewater (WWW). A lab-scale AnSBR was operated at 30º C with intermittent stirring and was fed with WWW with a COD of 182.25 g/l and a TPP concentration of 489 mg/l. The AnSBR was operated in four cycles, after the first cycle the biomass adaptation was taken for granted since reductions in the TPP went from 56% in C1 to around 95% in the consecutive cycles. COD reduction reached the 95% to 99% for all the four cycles.

The aim of this work was to study along of different cycles the biomass adaptation process to total polyphenols (TPP) concentrations in an Anaerobic Sequencing Batch Reactor (AnSBR) and to evaluate the degradation of TPP and COD in winery wastewater (WWW). A lab-scale AnSBR was operated at 30º C with intermittent stirring and was fed with WWW with a COD of 182.25 g/l and a TPP concentration of 489 mg/l. The AnSBR was operated in four cycles, after the first cycle the biomass adaptation was taken for granted since reductions in the TPP went from 56% in C1 to around 95% in the consecutive cycles. COD reduction reached the 95% to 99% for all the four cycles.

After natural disasters, displaced people (DP) require important numbers of housing units, which have to be erected quickly due to emergency pressures. These tight timeframes can cause the multiplication of the environmental construction impacts. These negative impacts worsen the already high energy consumption and pollution caused by the building sector. Indeed, post-disaster housing, which is often carried out without pre-planning, usually causes high negative environmental impacts, besides other economic and social impacts. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a suitable strategy to deal with this problem which also takes into account the instability of its causes, like changing ratio between rural and urban population. To this end, this study aims to present a model that assists decisionmakers to choose the most suitable building technology for postdisaster housing units. This model focuses on the alternatives sustainability and fulfillment of the stakeholders’ satisfactions. Four building technologies have been analyzed to determine the most sustainability technology and to validate the presented model. In 2003, Bam earthquake DP had their temporary housing units (THUs) built using these four technologies: autoclaved aerated concrete blocks (AAC), concrete masonry unit (CMU), pressed reeds panel (PR), and 3D sandwich panel (3D). The results of this analysis confirm that PR and CMU obtain the highest sustainability indexes. However, the second life scenario of THUs could have considerable impacts on the results. Peer Reviewed

After natural disasters, displaced people (DP) require important numbers of housing units, which have to be erected quickly due to emergency pressures. These tight timeframes can cause the multiplication of the environmental construction impacts. These negative impacts worsen the already high energy consumption and pollution caused by the building sector. Indeed, post-disaster housing, which is often carried out without pre-planning, usually causes high negative environmental impacts, besides other economic and social impacts. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a suitable strategy to deal with this problem which also takes into account the instability of its causes, like changing ratio between rural and urban population. To this end, this study aims to present a model that assists decisionmakers to choose the most suitable building technology for postdisaster housing units. This model focuses on the alternatives sustainability and fulfillment of the stakeholders’ satisfactions. Four building technologies have been analyzed to determine the most sustainability technology and to validate the presented model. In 2003, Bam earthquake DP had their temporary housing units (THUs) built using these four technologies: autoclaved aerated concrete blocks (AAC), concrete masonry unit (CMU), pressed reeds panel (PR), and 3D sandwich panel (3D). The results of this analysis confirm that PR and CMU obtain the highest sustainability indexes. However, the second life scenario of THUs could have considerable impacts on the results. Peer Reviewed