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Rendimiento de un sistema de rotación corta de alta densidad con Salix spp. en Buenos Aires, Argentina
La matriz energética de Argentina depende principalmente de los combustibles fósiles, por lo que resulta deseable diversificarla, incluyendo fuentes renovables como la biomasa forestal. Una limitación para este desarrollo es la falta de información sobre la productividad de sistemas de rotación corta de alta densidad (SRC) destinados a la producción de biomasa en condiciones locales. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar el efecto del genotipo, la densidad de plantación y la disponibilidad hídrica sobre la productividad de un sistema SRC con sauces en un suelo agrícola en la provincia de Buenos Aires. La principal limitación para la productividad es la disponibilidad de agua, que explica entre el 83 y el 92 % de la variabilidad en la biomasa seca, mientras que no hubo efectos significativos del genotipo y la densidad de plantación. Los rendimientos de biomasa seca obtenidos en este ensayo son comparables a los reportados para sistemas SRC en otros países, variando entre 11,1 y 22,6 Mg ha-1 año-1. In Argentina, energy production depends mostly on fossil fuels; hence it is desirable to diversify the energy sources including renewable fuels such as forest biomass. A drawback for this development is the lack of information about the productivity of short rotation coppice systems (SRC) under local conditions. Willows are used in several countries as a source of biomass for energy, although in Argentina the information about yield at local level is scarce. An SRC system was established in agricultural soil in Buenos Aires Province, Argentina. The aim of this work was to estimate the effects of irrigation, plantation density and genotype on biomass production. The clones used were the hybrid Salix matsudana x Salix alba `Barrett 13-44 INTA´ and the open pollinated Salix alba `Yaguareté INTA - CIEF´. There were no statistically significant effects of clone and plantation density on biomass productivity. The only significant factor was irrigation, which explained 83 to 92 % of yield variability. The dry biomass yields are similar to those reported elsewhere for rainfed SRC willows, ranging between 11.1 and 22.6 Mg ha-1 year-1.
- Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas Argentina
- Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Argentina
- Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas Argentina
sauce, biomasa, biomass, willows, dendroenergy, dendroenergía
sauce, biomasa, biomass, willows, dendroenergy, dendroenergía
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