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Rethinking climate engineering categorization in the context of climate change mitigation and adaptation

Authors: Boucher, Olivier; Forster, Piers M.; Gruber, Nicolas; Ha-Duong, Minh; Lawrence, Mark G.; Lenton, Timothy M.; Maas, Achim; +1 Authors

Rethinking climate engineering categorization in the context of climate change mitigation and adaptation

Abstract

The portfolio of approaches to respond to the challenges posed by anthropogenic climate change has broadened beyond mitigation and adaptation with the recent discussion of potential climate engineering options. How to define and categorize climate engineering options has been a recurring issue in both public and specialist discussions. We assert here that current definitions of mitigation, adaptation, and climate engineering are ambiguous, overlap with each other and thus contribute to confusing the discourse on how to tackle anthropogenic climate change. We propose a new and more inclusive categorization into five different classes: anthropogenic emissions reductions (AER), territorial or domestic removal of atmospheric CO2 and other greenhouse gases (D‐GGR), trans‐territorial removal of atmospheric CO2 and other greenhouse gases (T‐GGR), regional to planetary targeted climate modification (TCM), and climate change adaptation measures (including local targeted climate and environmental modification, abbreviated CCAM). Thus, we suggest that techniques for domestic greenhouse gas removal might better be thought of as forming a separate category alongside more traditional mitigation techniques that consist of emissions reductions. Local targeted climate modification can be seen as an adaptation measure as long as there are no detectable remote environmental effects. In both cases, the scale and intensity of action are essential attributes from the technological, climatic, and political viewpoints. While some of the boundaries in this revised classification depend on policy and judgement, it offers a foundation for debating on how to define and categorize climate engineering options and differentiate them from both mitigation and adaptation measures to climate change. WIREs Clim Change 2014, 5:23–35. doi: 10.1002/wcc.261This article is categorized under: Climate, History, Society, Culture > Ideas and Knowledge Social Status of Climate Change Knowledge > Knowledge and Practice

Countries
Germany, United Kingdom, United Kingdom, France, United Kingdom, Germany, Germany, Germany
Keywords

[SDE] Environmental Sciences, 550, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, engineering, IE] Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering [[SDE], 551, [ SHS.ENVIR ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Environmental studies, 333, [ SDE.IE ] Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, [ SDV.EE ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, [ SDE ] Environmental Sciences, [SDU.STU.CL] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatology, emission control, [SHS.ENVIR] Humanities and Social Sciences/Environmental studies, [SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, MCG] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes [[SDE], [SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, [SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, STU:CL] Planète et Univers/Sciences de la Terre/Climatologie [[SDU], ENVIR] Sciences de l'Homme et Société/Etudes de l'environnement [[SHS], carbon dioxide, [ SDE.MCG ] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, [SDE.MCG] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, [SDV.EE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, [SDU.STU.CL] Sciences of the Universe/Earth Sciences/Climatology, climate change, [SDU.STU.CL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatology, greenhouse gas, [SHS.ENVIR]Humanities and Social Sciences/Environmental studies, STU:CL] Sciences of the Universe/Earth Sciences/Climatology [[SDU], [SDE]Environmental Sciences, MCG] Sciences de l'environnement/Milieux et Changements globaux [[SDE], [SDE.IE] Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, [ SDU.STU.CL ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatology, ENVIR] Humanities and Social Sciences/Environmental studies [[SHS], environment, IE] Sciences de l'environnement/Ingénierie de l'environnement [[SDE], environmental effect

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