Ethanol (1 gm/kg of maternal body weight administered over 1 hour) was infused intravenously into 11 chronically prepared pregnant ewes between 128 to 137 days' gestation. Fetal breathing movements were suppressed for 9 hours following ethanol administration, and both high- and low-voltage fetal electrocortical activity were suppressed for 3 hours and replaced by intermediate-voltage electrocortical activity. Fetal blood gases and pH were not altered. These data support the hypothesis that ethanol suppresses fetal breathing movements by a direct central mechanism rather than indirectly by alteration of electrocortical activity.