Abstract The present study investigates which sources of CO2 in the state of Bahrain could provide the CO2 required for the enhanced oil-recovery program proposed by the Bahrain National Oil Company (BANOCO). It is found that the major sources of retrievable CO2 are the oil refinery plant and the major industries that utilize natural gas for power generation. The average amount of natural gas consumed by those industries is 224 886 million scf/year. More than 85% of this was burnt. Since natural gas is the only energy source for the major industries in Bahrain, the amount of CO2 produced was estimated from a material balance calculation, except that the amount of CO2 produced by the refinery was measured experimentally. The total amount of CO2 produced was about 11 million tonnes/year.