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Scientists' warning to humanity on insect extinctions

تحذيرات العلماء للبشرية من انقراض الحشرات
Authors: James S. Pryke; Matthew J. Hill; Jorge Ari Noriega; Carlien Vorster; Fernando Pedraza; Filipe Chichorro; René Gaigher; +23 Authors

Scientists' warning to humanity on insect extinctions

Abstract

Nous nous appuyons ici sur le manifeste « Avertissement des scientifiques du monde à l'humanité », publié par l'Alliance des scientifiques du monde. En tant que groupe de biologistes de la conservation profondément préoccupés par le déclin des populations d'insectes, nous passons en revue ici ce que nous savons sur les facteurs de l'extinction des insectes, leurs conséquences et comment les extinctions peuvent avoir un impact négatif sur l'humanité. Nous causons l'extinction des insectes en entraînant la perte, la dégradation et la fragmentation de l'habitat, l'utilisation de substances polluantes et nocives, la propagation d'espèces envahissantes, le changement climatique mondial, la surexploitation directe et la co-extinction d'espèces dépendantes d'autres espèces. Avec l'extinction des insectes, nous perdons beaucoup plus que les espèces. Nous perdons l'abondance et la biomasse des insectes, la diversité à travers l'espace et le temps avec une homogénéisation conséquente, de grandes parties de l'arbre de vie, des fonctions et des traits écologiques uniques et des parties fondamentales de vastes réseaux d'interactions biotiques. De telles pertes entraînent le déclin des principaux services écosystémiques dont dépend l'humanité. De la pollinisation et de la décomposition aux ressources pour de nouveaux médicaments, en passant par l'indication de la qualité de l'habitat et bien d'autres, les insectes fournissent des services essentiels et irremplaçables. Nous appelons à une action urgente pour combler les principales lacunes en matière de connaissances et freiner l'extinction des insectes. Un investissement dans des programmes de recherche qui génèrent des stratégies locales, régionales et mondiales pour contrer cette tendance est essentiel. Des solutions sont disponibles et réalisables, mais une action urgente est nécessaire dès maintenant pour répondre à nos intentions.

Aquí nos basamos en el manifiesto 'Advertencia de los Científicos del Mundo a la Humanidad', emitido por la Alianza de Científicos del Mundo. Como grupo de biólogos conservadores profundamente preocupados por la disminución de las poblaciones de insectos, aquí revisamos lo que sabemos sobre los impulsores de las extinciones de insectos, sus consecuencias y cómo las extinciones pueden afectar negativamente a la humanidad. Estamos causando extinciones de insectos al impulsar la pérdida, degradación y fragmentación del hábitat, el uso de sustancias contaminantes y nocivas, la propagación de especies invasoras, el cambio climático global, la sobreexplotación directa y la coextinción de especies dependientes de otras especies. Con las extinciones de insectos, perdemos mucho más que especies. Perdemos abundancia y biomasa de insectos, diversidad a través del espacio y el tiempo con la consiguiente homogeneización, grandes partes del árbol de la vida, funciones y rasgos ecológicos únicos y partes fundamentales de extensas redes de interacciones bióticas. Tales pérdidas conducen a la disminución de los servicios ecosistémicos clave de los que depende la humanidad. Desde la polinización y la descomposición, hasta ser recursos para nuevos medicamentos, la indicación de la calidad del hábitat y muchos otros, los insectos brindan servicios esenciales e insustituibles. Hacemos un llamado a la acción urgente para cerrar las brechas de conocimiento clave y frenar las extinciones de insectos. Es fundamental una inversión en programas de investigación que generen estrategias locales, regionales y globales que contrarresten esta tendencia. Las soluciones están disponibles y son implementables, pero se necesita una acción urgente ahora para que coincidan con nuestras intenciones.

Here we build on the manifesto 'World Scientists' Warning to Humanity, issued by the Alliance of World Scientists. As a group of conservation biologists deeply concerned about the decline of insect populations, we here review what we know about the drivers of insect extinctions, their consequences, and how extinctions can negatively impact humanity. We are causing insect extinctions by driving habitat loss, degradation, and fragmentation, use of polluting and harmful substances, the spread of invasive species, global climate change, direct overexploitation, and co-extinction of species dependent on other species. With insect extinctions, we lose much more than species. We lose abundance and biomass of insects, diversity across space and time with consequent homogenization, large parts of the tree of life, unique ecological functions and traits, and fundamental parts of extensive networks of biotic interactions. Such losses lead to the decline of key ecosystem services on which humanity depends. From pollination and decomposition, to being resources for new medicines, habitat quality indication and many others, insects provide essential and irreplaceable services. We appeal for urgent action to close key knowledge gaps and curb insect extinctions. An investment in research programs that generate local, regional and global strategies that counter this trend is essential. Solutions are available and implementable, but urgent action is needed now to match our intentions.

هنا نبني على بيان "علماء العالم" تحذير للبشرية، الصادر عن تحالف علماء العالم. بصفتنا مجموعة من علماء أحياء الحفظ الذين يشعرون بقلق عميق إزاء انخفاض أعداد الحشرات، نستعرض هنا ما نعرفه عن دوافع انقراض الحشرات وعواقبها وكيف يمكن للانقراض أن يؤثر سلبًا على البشرية. نحن نتسبب في انقراض الحشرات من خلال التسبب في فقدان الموائل وتدهورها وتجزئتها، واستخدام المواد الملوثة والضارة، وانتشار الأنواع الغازية، وتغير المناخ العالمي، والاستغلال المفرط المباشر، والانقراض المشترك للأنواع التي تعتمد على الأنواع الأخرى. مع انقراض الحشرات، نفقد أكثر بكثير من الأنواع. نفقد الوفرة والكتلة الحيوية للحشرات، والتنوع عبر المكان والزمان مع ما يترتب على ذلك من التجانس، وأجزاء كبيرة من شجرة الحياة، والوظائف والسمات البيئية الفريدة، والأجزاء الأساسية للشبكات الواسعة من التفاعلات الحيوية. وتؤدي هذه الخسائر إلى انخفاض خدمات النظام الإيكولوجي الرئيسية التي تعتمد عليها البشرية. من التلقيح والتحلل، إلى كونها موارد للأدوية الجديدة، ومؤشرات جودة الموائل وغيرها الكثير، توفر الحشرات خدمات أساسية لا يمكن الاستغناء عنها. ندعو إلى اتخاذ إجراءات عاجلة لسد الفجوات المعرفية الرئيسية والحد من انقراض الحشرات. ومن الضروري الاستثمار في البرامج البحثية التي تولد استراتيجيات محلية وإقليمية وعالمية تتصدى لهذا الاتجاه. الحلول متاحة وقابلة للتنفيذ، ولكن هناك حاجة إلى اتخاذ إجراءات عاجلة الآن لتتناسب مع نوايانا.

Countries
Australia, Switzerland, Italy, Australia, Italy, Austria, Netherlands, Australia, Netherlands, Netherlands, Australia, Finland, South Africa, Netherlands
Keywords

UFSP13-8 Global Change and Biodiversity, Animal Ecology and Physiology, 590, Social Sciences, ECOSYSTEM SERVICES, Agricultural and Biological Sciences, Food science, HABITAT QUALITY, Habitat destruction, veterinary and food sciences, Psychology, Climate change, Human Attitudes and Interactions with Animals and Plants, FLEAS INSECTA, CLIMATE-CHANGE, Species Distribution Modeling and Climate Change Impacts, Ecology, Geography, Ecological Modeling, STAG BEETLE, SPECIES-DIVERSITY, Life Sciences, Biodiversity, BRITISH BUTTERFLIES, Threatened species, FOS: Psychology, Biological sciences, Drivers of extinction, Habitat, FINE SEDIMENT, Physical Sciences, Overexploitation, Biodiversity Conservation, Impact of Pollinator Decline on Ecosystems and Agriculture, Habitat Fragmentation, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, ECONOMIC VALUE, 570, Rumen, Social Psychology, Evolution, CONSERVATION, 333, 2309 Nature and Landscape Conservation, 10127 Institute of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, Centinelan extinctions, Behavior and Systematics, Ecosystem services, Arthropods, Biology, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Ecosystem, Nature and Landscape Conservation, Agricultural, Science & Technology, Plant Ecology, Environmental sciences, 1105 Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Ecology, evolutionary biology, FOS: Biological sciences, Biodiversity loss, Environmental Science, Defaunation, Fermentation, 570 Life sciences; biology

  • BIP!
    Impact byBIP!
    citations
    This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
    576
    popularity
    This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
    Top 0.1%
    influence
    This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
    Top 1%
    impulse
    This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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citations
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
576
Top 0.1%
Top 1%
Top 0.01%
Green
hybrid