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Alcohol Dependence Modifies Brain Networks Activated During Withdrawal and Reaccess: A c-Fos–Based Analysis in Mice

High-level alcohol consumption causes neuroplastic changes in the brain that promote pathological drinking behavior. Some of these changes have been characterized in defined brain circuits and cell types, but unbiased approaches are needed to explore broader patterns of adaptations.We used whole-brain c-Fos mapping and network analysis to assess patterns of neuronal activity during alcohol withdrawal and following reaccess in a well-characterized model of alcohol dependence. Mice underwent 4 cycles of chronic intermittent ethanol to increase voluntary alcohol consumption, and a subset underwent forced swim stress to further escalate consumption. Brains were collected either 24 hours (withdrawal) or immediately following a 1-hour period of alcohol reaccess. c-fos counts were obtained for 110 brain regions using iDISCO and ClearMap. Then, we classified mice as high or low drinkers and used graph theory to identify changes in network properties associated with high-drinking behavior.During withdrawal, chronic intermittent ethanol mice displayed widespread increased c-Fos expression relative to air-exposed mice, independent of forced swim stress. Reaccess drinking reversed this increase. Network modularity, a measure of segregation into communities, was increased in high-drinking mice after alcohol reaccess relative to withdrawal. The cortical amygdala showed increased cross-community coactivation during withdrawal in high-drinking mice, and cortical amygdala silencing in chronic intermittent ethanol mice reduced voluntary drinking.Alcohol withdrawal in dependent mice causes changes in brain network organization that are attenuated by reaccess drinking. Olfactory brain regions, including the cortical amygdala, drive some of these changes and may play an important but underappreciated role in alcohol dependence.
- University of North Carolina School of Medicine United States
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill United States
- Oregon Health & Science University United States
- Oregon Health & Science University United States
- Oregon National Primate Research Center United States
Alcohol Drinking, Ethanol, Brain, Substance Withdrawal Syndrome, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Mice, Alcoholism, Animals, Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos
Alcohol Drinking, Ethanol, Brain, Substance Withdrawal Syndrome, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Mice, Alcoholism, Animals, Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos
citations This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).23 popularity This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.Top 10% influence This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).Average impulse This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.Top 10%
