Co-combustion of coal and wheat straw (WS) was conducted in a lab-scale BFB combustor. Fuel composition (coal, 70%coal+30%WS), temperature (750, 800, 850, 900, 950 °C), secondary air ratio (0, 10%, 20%, 30%) were varied to on the release of gaseous pollutant was studied. CO, NOx and SO2 concentration in flue gas (FG) were measured on-line by a flue gas analyzer. Fly ash (FA), bottom slag (BS) and bed material (BM) were collected, digested and analyzed by ICP-OES to determine the distribution of heavy metals (e.g. Pb, Zn, Cr and Cd). Results indicated that co-combustion could improve the combustion of coal alone by reducing CO, NOx and SO2 emission and carbon content in fly ash effectively. In co-combustion the increasing secondary air could reduce CO emission and SO2 by enhancing disturbance and promoting sulfation respectively while the minimum NO emission was reached at the ratio of 20%. Co-combustion restrained the release of Zn, Cd and Pb compared with coal combustion alone. In co-combustion, high temperature increased their portion in the flue gas. For Zn, Pb and Cd, their content in the bottom solids increased while the portion of Cr decreased. Secondary air decreased their content in fly ash and transferred into flue gas significantly and in bottom solids content of Zn and Pb decreased while Cd increased.