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Comparison of nanoclay/polyvinyl alcohol aerogels scale production: Life Cycle Assessment

handle: 10578/29896
Nowadays, organic aerogels have arisen as promising materials for different applications such as: building, construction, energy among others, due to their low density, high thermal insulation capacity and high porosity. In the recent years multiple procedures to synthesize them have been developed, however, the freeze-drying method has gained more importance, being considered a cost-competitive, eco-friendly, and efficient process. Therefore, it is fundamental to evaluate its environmental impacts for its future implementation as a sustainable industrial process. In this work, a Life Cycle Assessment on the synthesis of nanoclay reinforced polyvinyl alcohol aerogels by freeze-drying has been carried out. Furthermore, the influence of the production scale (laboratory and pilot line) and the functional unit (1 kg and 1 m3) have been studied. Additionally, different upgrading approaches carried out in the pilot line, energy efficiency and production capacity, have been evaluated. Results demonstrated that better environmental impact values were obtained with pilot line aerogel production in comparison to laboratory scale for both functional units. Regarding the different upgrade assessment with the pilot line, it has been concluded that the background processes and the energy consumption are the main causes for the increment in the environmental impact values during the aerogel synthesis. En la actualidad, los aerogeles orgánicos han surgido como materiales promisorios para diferentes aplicaciones tales como: edificación, construcción, energía entre otras, debido a su baja densidad, alta capacidad de aislamiento térmico y alta porosidad. En los últimos años se han desarrollado múltiples procedimientos para sintetizarlos, sin embargo, el método de liofilización ha ganado mayor importancia, siendo considerado un proceso rentable, amigable con el medio ambiente y eficiente. Por lo tanto, es fundamental evaluar sus impactos ambientales para su futura implementación como un proceso industrial sostenible. En este trabajo se ha llevado a cabo un análisis del ciclo de vida de la síntesis de aerogeles de poli(alcohol vinílico) reforzados con nanoarcillas mediante liofilización. Además, la influencia de la escala de producción (laboratorio y línea piloto) y la unidad funcional (1 kg y 1 m 3) han sido estudiados. Adicionalmente, se han evaluado diferentes enfoques de mejora llevados a cabo en la línea piloto, eficiencia energética y capacidad de producción. Los resultados demostraron que se obtuvieron mejores valores de impacto ambiental con la producción de aerogel en línea piloto en comparación con la escala de laboratorio para ambas unidades funcionales. En cuanto a la evaluación de diferentes actualizaciones con la línea piloto, se ha concluido que los procesos de fondo y el consumo de energía son las principales causas del incremento en los valores de impacto ambiental durante la síntesis del aerogel.
LCA, Edificio, Actualización, Upgrading, Energy consumption, Building, Línea piloto, Consumo de energía, Aerogel, Pilot line
LCA, Edificio, Actualización, Upgrading, Energy consumption, Building, Línea piloto, Consumo de energía, Aerogel, Pilot line
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