Abstract Energy consumption is evaluated as an indicator of socio-economic development throughout the world. East African countries have shown an incredible development in energy sector by increasing production which has raised significantly energy consumption since last decade. Rwanda's energy policy has planned to reach the level of 563 MW electricity production by 2018 which will fulfil the population's demand by 70% and decrease the dependence on fuel wood from 86.3% to 50%. The paper in hands pinpoints the available energy potentials, production opportunities, demand picture, as well as the country's ambitions to produce pollution-free energy to all inhabitants by 2020.