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image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao International Journa...arrow_drop_down
image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer
Article . 2017 . Peer-reviewed
License: Elsevier TDM
Data sources: Crossref
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Numerical prediction of heat transfer characteristics based on monthly temperature gradient in algal open raceway ponds

Authors: orcid Haider Ali;
Haider Ali
ORCID
Harvested from ORCID Public Data File

Haider Ali in OpenAIRE
orcid Taqi Ahmad Cheema;
Taqi Ahmad Cheema
ORCID
Harvested from ORCID Public Data File

Taqi Ahmad Cheema in OpenAIRE
Cheol Woo Park;

Numerical prediction of heat transfer characteristics based on monthly temperature gradient in algal open raceway ponds

Abstract

Abstract This paper presents a novel empirical correlation to estimate the heat transfer in raceway ponds for different pond sizes and depths. The correlation involves the calculation of Nusselt number. Heat transfer in outdoor raceway ponds was modeled with the effects of pond design, hydrodynamics, and environmental conditions. Monthly average water temperature, Nusselt number, and Prandtl number were used to examine the heat transfer phenomena between pond and its surroundings. A novel relation was also employed to estimate the amount of monthly evaporated water from the raceway ponds. Different aspect ratios, pond depths, and paddle wheel rotational speeds were considered to evaluate the effect of pond geometry and turbulent mixing on heat transfer. The use of empirical relation is an effective approach in designing raceway ponds to estimate heat loss in ponds. Algal productivity decreased with increasing amount of evaporated water. Moreover, the environmental conditions, pond design, and turbulent mixing significantly affected the heat transfer rate and the optimum water temperature for algal growth.

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