Abstract Smart grids are the result of a dynamic co-evolution process that leverages the integration of new technological advances in the energy systems and information and communication technologies. This process is accompanied by changes in business models, organizational structures, roles, and operating practices. In this context, collaboration among multiple entities becomes a crucial element, justifying the term Collaborative Smart Grid. The purpose of this article is to systematically review recent literature with a view to identifying trends, opportunities, and challenges regarding the application of models, approaches, and tools from collaborative networks to the energy domain.