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Plutonium from Mayak: Measurement of Isotope Ratios and Activities Using Accelerator Mass Spectrometry

descriptionPublicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Journal 14 Apr 2000 Australia Publisher:American Chemical Society (ACS)Journal:Environmental Science & Technology, volume 34, pages 1,938-1,945 (issn: 0013-936X, eissn: 1520-5851,

Authors: L. Keith Fifield; Lindis Skipperud; J. Philip Day; Deborah H. Oughton; Marianne L. Di Tada; Brit Salbu; Y. Mokrov; +3 Authors

doi: 10.1021/es990847z

handle: 1885/90083

Plutonium from Mayak: Measurement of Isotope Ratios and Activities Using Accelerator Mass Spectrometry

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Abstract

Accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) has been used to measure Pu activities and 240Pu/239Pu isotope ratios in samples contaminated by releases from the Mayak nuclear installation. Determination of Pu isotopes in high-level samples indicated that the ratio of 240Pu/239Pu in waste has increased toward the present. The lowest 240Pu/239Pu atom ratios, 0.012−0.024, were found at the Asanov Swamp, where the primary source of contamination was discharge of intermediate-level radioactive waste between 1949 and 1951. The highest ratios, 0.06−0.29, were found in industrial reservoirs contaminated by various sources of waste up to the present day. Measurement of Pu isotopes in low-level samples collected from the Techa, Iset, and Ob Rivers showed that while activity levels decrease with distance from Mayakfrom 2000 Bq/kg at 7 km downstream to less than 1 Bq/kg sediment at 250 km240Pu/239Pu isotope ratios increase. Results suggest that most of the plutonium in the Upper Techa River originates from the early waste disc...

Country

Australia

Related Organizations

Australian National University
Australia
Norwegian Association of Higher Education Institutions
Norway
Norwegian Radiation and Nuclear Safety Authority
Norway
University of Salford
United Kingdom
Norwegian Radiation and Nuclear Safety Authority
Norway

Keywords

Radioisotopes, Discharge (fluid mechanics), Keywords: Contamination, Mass spectrometry, article, Nuclear energy, Accelerator mass spectrometry, Plutonium, plutonium 240, Waste discharges, Rivers, Radioactive wastes, Water pollution, Radioactivity measurement, envir

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