AbstractForest monitoring studies show contrasting trends in tree growth rates since the mid‐twentieth century. However, due to their focus on annual and decadal dynamics, they provide limited insight into the effects of long‐term climatic variability on tree growth. Here, we relied on a large tree‐ring dataset (∼2,700 trees) of two common North American shade‐intolerant tree species, trembling aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.) and jack pine (Pinus banksiana Lambert), to assess their lifespan‐long growth dynamics in the mixedwood forests of Québec. We also determined how the environmental conditions of the stands influenced tree growth. We observed a significant increase in the radial growth rate of trembling aspen during the study period, while the jack pine decline was not significant. Over the whole study region, the trees growing in sites with lower competition, and those at the lower sections of the terrain slope experienced more of the positive effects of temperature on growth rates. Our study suggests that the tree growth response to climate warming may be species‐specific and will vary across the boreal mixedwoods.