This paperA total of 62 patients with gallstones and gallbladder polyps were selected from May 2019 to May 2020, who were divided into the observation group (n=31, laparoscopic cholecystectomy) and the control group (n=31, open cholecystectomy) in a 1:1 ratio. The clinical indicators, clinical efficacy, level of pain and complication rate of the two groups were recorded and compared. Results Indicators such as the operation duration (38.64±14.42min), blood loss (30.42±8.21ml), length of stay (4.71±1.82 d), first anal exhaust (21.82±6.65min), drainage volume (72.02±4.21ml), length of incision and the time for the recovery of gastrointestinal functions in the observation group were better than the control group (P<0.05). The clinical efficacy of the observation group (96.77%) was higher than that of the control group (80.65%), with statistical value =4.0260 (P<0.05). The level of pain of the observation group was lower than that of control group (P<0.05), while the complication rate in the observation group (3.22%) was also lower than that of the control group (22.58%) (P<0.05). Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is an effective treatment of gallstones complicated with gallbladder polyps, which can alleviate pain and improve the prognosis, and is thus worthy of promotion.