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Using graph search algorithms for a rigorous application of emergy algebra rules

Authors: Marvuglia, Antonino; Rugani, Benedetto; Rios, Gordon; Pigné, Yoann; Benetto, Enrico; Tiruta-Barna, Ligia;

Using graph search algorithms for a rigorous application of emergy algebra rules

Abstract

Emergy evaluation (EME) is an environmental assessment method which is gaining international recognition and has increasingly been applied during the last decade. Emergy represents the memory of the geobiosphere exergy (environmental work) - measured in solar emjoules (seJ) - that has been used in the past or accumulated over time to make a natural resource available. The rationale behind the concept of Emergy is the consideration that all different forms of energy can be sorted under a hierarchy and measured with the common metric of the seJ, which is then the yardstick through which all energy inputs and outputs can be compared with each other. For this reason EME is suggested to be a suitable method of environmental accounting for a wide set of natural resources, and can be used to define guidelines for sustainable consumption of resources. Despite those interesting features, EME is still affected by several drawbacks in its calculation procedures and in its general methodological background, which prevent it from being accepted by a wider community. The main operational hurdle lays in the set of mathematical rules (known as Emergy algebra rules) governing EME, which do not follow logic of conservation and make their automatic implementation very difficult. This work presents an open source code specifically created for allowing a rigorous Emergy calculation (complying with all the Emergy algebra rules). We modeled the Emergy values circulating in multi-component systems with an oriented graph, formalized the problem in a matrix-based structure and developed a variant of the well-known track summing algorithm to obtain the total Emergy flow associated with the investigated product. The calculation routine (written in C++) implements the Depth First Search (DFS) strategy for graph searches. The most important features of the calculation routine are: (1) its ability to read the input in matrix form without the need of drawing a graph; (2) its rigorous implementation of the Emergy rules; (3) its low running time, which makes the algorithm applicable to any system described at the level of detail nowadays made possible by the use of the available life cycle inventory (LCI) databases. A version of the Emergy calculation routine based on the DFS algorithm has been completed and is being tested on case studies involving matrices of thousands of rows and columns, describing real product production systems.

Country
France
Keywords

graph search, [SCCO.COMP]Cognitive science/Computer science, 600, life cycle assessment, Emergy evaluation;graph search;network analysis;Ecoinvent;life cycle assessment;ENERGY, [SCCO.COMP] Cognitive science/Computer science, [ SCCO.COMP ] Cognitive science/Computer science, Emergy evaluation, Ecoinvent, network analysis

  • BIP!
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    citations
    This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
    5
    popularity
    This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
    Average
    influence
    This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
    Average
    impulse
    This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
    Top 10%
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citations
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
5
Average
Average
Top 10%
Green
bronze