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Principle, calibration, and application of the in situ alkali chloride monitor

descriptionPublicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Journal 01 Feb 2009Publisher:AIP PublishingJournal:Review of Scientific Instruments, volume 80 (issn: 0034-6748, eissn: 1089-7623,

Authors: Christer Forsberg; Håkan Kassman; Shahriar Badiei; Rainer Backman; Markus Broström; Elin Edvardsson; Magnus Berg;

doi: 10.1063/1.3081015

pmid: 19256637

Principle, calibration, and application of the in situ alkali chloride monitor

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Abstract

The extended use of biomass for heat and power production has caused increased operational problems with fouling and high-temperature corrosion in boilers. These problems are mainly related to the presence of alkali chlorides (KCl and NaCl) at high concentrations in the flue gas. The in situ alkali chloride monitor (IACM) was developed by Vattenfall Research and Development AB for measuring the alkali chloride concentration in hot flue gases (≲650 °C). The measurement technique is based on molecular differential absorption spectroscopy in the UV range. Simultaneous measurement of SO2 concentration is also possible. The measuring range is 1–50 ppm for the sum of KCl and NaCl concentrations and 4–750 ppm for SO2. This paper describes the principle of the IACM as well as its calibration. Furthermore, an example of its application in an industrial boiler is given.

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Keywords

Sweden, Microchemistry, Transducers, Reproducibility of Results, Equipment Design, Alkalies, Sodium Chloride, Sensitivity and Specificity, Potassium Chloride, Equipment Failure Analysis, Heating, Chlorides, Calibration, Flow Injection Analysis, Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet, Gases

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	citations This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).	36
	popularity This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.	Top 10%
	influence This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).	Top 10%
	impulse This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.	Top 10%