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Carbon monoxide levels in households using coal-briquette fuelled stoves exceed WHO air quality guidelines in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia

descriptionPublicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Other literature type 07 Oct 2022Publisher:Informa UK LimitedJournal:International Journal of Environmental Health Research, volume 33, pages 1,760-1,771 (issn: 0960-3123, eissn: 1369-1619,

Authors: Emma Dickinson-Craig; Suzanne E. Bartington; Rachel Watts; Oyunbolor Mandakhbayar; Enkh-Od Khurelbaatar; Chimedsuren Ochir; Damdindorj Boldbaatar; +6 Authors

doi: 10.1080/09603123.2022.2123906 , 10.6084/m9.figshare.21298492.v2 , 10.6084/m9.figshare.21298492.v1 , 10.6084/m9.figshare.21298492

pmid: 36206479

Carbon monoxide levels in households using coal-briquette fuelled stoves exceed WHO air quality guidelines in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia

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Abstract

In 2019, a domestic raw coal ban (RCB) was introduced in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia. Coal-briquettes have since been promoted in Ger district households, however implications for carbon monoxide (CO) exposure remains uncertain. We obtained 48-hour indoor CO concentrations in 23 Ger district households and compared these to 10 raw-coal households. Information on household characteristics, fuel use behaviour and stove venting practices was collected by survey. Mean 48-hour CO concentrations in coal-briquette households was 6.1 ppm (range 1.5–35.8 ppm) with no signfiicant differences by household, stove or venting factors. Peak time-weighted average CO concentrations exceeded WHO Indoor Air Quality guidelines in 9 (39%) households; with all surpassing the 8-hour guideline (>8.6 ppm); 3(13%) the 24-hour guideline (>6 ppm) and 2(9%) the 1-hour guideline (>30 ppm). Median CO levels were significantly lower in coal-briquette compared to raw coal households (p = 0.049). Indoor CO reduction was associated with RCB implementation although hazardous levels persist in this setting.

Related Organizations

University of Birmingham
United Kingdom
Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences
Mongolia
Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences
Mongolia
Environmental Earth Sciences
Australia
Children's Hospital of Los Angeles
United States

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Keywords

Carbon Monoxide, Air Pollutants, Mongolia, World Health Organization, Coal, Air Pollution, Air Pollution, Indoor, Particulate Matter, Cooking

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