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Global Change Biology
Article
License: CC BY
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Global Change Biology
Article . 2013 . Peer-reviewed
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Vegetation controls on northern high latitude snow‐albedo feedback: observations and CMIP5 model simulations

Authors: Scott J. Goetz; Michael M. Loranty; Michael M. Loranty; Yufang Jin; James T. Randerson; Logan T. Berner;

Vegetation controls on northern high latitude snow‐albedo feedback: observations and CMIP5 model simulations

Abstract

AbstractThe snow‐masking effect of vegetation exerts strong control on albedo in northern high latitude ecosystems. Large‐scale changes in the distribution and stature of vegetation in this region will thus have important feedbacks to climate. The snow‐albedo feedback is controlled largely by the contrast between snow‐covered and snow‐free albedo (Δα), which influences predictions of future warming in coupled climate models, despite being poorly constrained at seasonal and century time scales. Here, we compare satellite observations and coupled climate model representations of albedo and tree cover for the boreal and Arctic region. Our analyses reveal consistent declines in albedo with increasing tree cover, occurring south of latitudinal tree line, that are poorly represented in coupled climate models. Observed relationships between albedo and tree cover differ substantially between snow‐covered and snow‐free periods, and among plant functional type. Tree cover in models varies widely but surprisingly does not correlate well with model albedo. Furthermore, our results demonstrate a relationship between tree cover and snow‐albedo feedback that may be used to accurately constrain high latitude albedo feedbacks in coupled climate models under current and future vegetation distributions.

Country
United States
Keywords

Climate Change, vegetation cover, Physical Geography and Environmental Geoscience, Theoretical, Models, Snow, arctic, CMIP5, boreal forest, global change, Ecosystem, Plant Physiological Phenomena, Ecology, Biological Sciences, Models, Theoretical, Climate Action, Environmental sciences, Biological sciences, Earth sciences, climate feedback, Remote Sensing Technology, Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences, albedo

  • BIP!
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    citations
    This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
    157
    popularity
    This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
    Top 1%
    influence
    This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
    Top 10%
    impulse
    This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
    Top 1%
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citations
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
157
Top 1%
Top 10%
Top 1%
Green
hybrid