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Combining multiple investigative approaches to unravel functional responses to global change in the understorey of temperate forests

AbstractPlant communities are being exposed to changing environmental conditions all around the globe, leading to alterations in plant diversity, community composition, and ecosystem functioning. For herbaceous understorey communities in temperate forests, responses to global change are postulated to be complex, due to the presence of a tree layer that modulates understorey responses to external pressures such as climate change and changes in atmospheric nitrogen deposition rates. Multiple investigative approaches have been put forward as tools to detect, quantify and predict understorey responses to these global‐change drivers, including, among others, distributed resurvey studies and manipulative experiments. These investigative approaches are generally designed and reported upon in isolation, while integration across investigative approaches is rarely considered. In this study, we integrate three investigative approaches (two complementary resurvey approaches and one experimental approach) to investigate how climate warming and changes in nitrogen deposition affect the functional composition of the understorey and how functional responses in the understorey are modulated by canopy disturbance, that is, changes in overstorey canopy openness over time. Our resurvey data reveal that most changes in understorey functional characteristics represent responses to changes in canopy openness with shifts in macroclimate temperature and aerial nitrogen deposition playing secondary roles. Contrary to expectations, we found little evidence that these drivers interact. In addition, experimental findings deviated from the observational findings, suggesting that the forces driving understorey change at the regional scale differ from those driving change at the forest floor (i.e., the experimental treatments). Our study demonstrates that different approaches need to be integrated to acquire a full picture of how understorey communities respond to global change.
- UNIVERSITE PARIS DESCARTES France
- Trinity College Dublin Ireland
- Czech Academy of Sciences Czech Republic
- University of Wisconsin–Oshkosh United States
- Palacký University, Olomouc Czech Republic
DYNAMICS, [SDE] Environmental Sciences, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], DIVERSITY, forest management, Forests, Nitrogen deposition, plant height, Trees, ECOSYSTEMS, /dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/2300/2303; name=Ecology, resurvey study, Climate change, /dk/atira/pure/sustainabledevelopmentgoals/climate_action; name=SDG 13 - Climate Action, DEPOSITION, herbaceous layer, General Environmental Science, Herbaceous layer, Global and Planetary Change, CLIMATE-CHANGE, Ecology, Forest management, /dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/2300/2306; name=Global and Planetary Change, Mesocosm experiment, /dk/atira/pure/sustainabledevelopmentgoals/life_on_land; name=SDG 15 - Life on Land, [SDV.BV.BOT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Botanics, Plants, /dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/2300/2304; name=Environmental Chemistry, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Plant height, nitrogen deposition, ForestREplot, mesocosm experiment, LIGHT, climate change, HERBACEOUS LAYER, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, GROWTH, 570, Nitrogen, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, /dk/atira/pure/sustainabledevelopmentgoals/responsible_consumption_and_production; name=SDG 12 - Responsible Consumption and Production, Ecology and Environment, 333, [SDV.BV.BOT] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Botanics, Environmental Chemistry, forestREplot, Ecosystem, /dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/2300; name=Environmental Science(all), Botany, /dk/atira/pure/core/keywords/biology; name=Ecosystems Research, NITROGEN, Resurvey study, [SDE.MCG] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, PLANT-RESPONSES, Earth and Environmental Sciences, SLA
DYNAMICS, [SDE] Environmental Sciences, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], DIVERSITY, forest management, Forests, Nitrogen deposition, plant height, Trees, ECOSYSTEMS, /dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/2300/2303; name=Ecology, resurvey study, Climate change, /dk/atira/pure/sustainabledevelopmentgoals/climate_action; name=SDG 13 - Climate Action, DEPOSITION, herbaceous layer, General Environmental Science, Herbaceous layer, Global and Planetary Change, CLIMATE-CHANGE, Ecology, Forest management, /dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/2300/2306; name=Global and Planetary Change, Mesocosm experiment, /dk/atira/pure/sustainabledevelopmentgoals/life_on_land; name=SDG 15 - Life on Land, [SDV.BV.BOT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Botanics, Plants, /dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/2300/2304; name=Environmental Chemistry, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Plant height, nitrogen deposition, ForestREplot, mesocosm experiment, LIGHT, climate change, HERBACEOUS LAYER, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, GROWTH, 570, Nitrogen, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, /dk/atira/pure/sustainabledevelopmentgoals/responsible_consumption_and_production; name=SDG 12 - Responsible Consumption and Production, Ecology and Environment, 333, [SDV.BV.BOT] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Botanics, Environmental Chemistry, forestREplot, Ecosystem, /dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/2300; name=Environmental Science(all), Botany, /dk/atira/pure/core/keywords/biology; name=Ecosystems Research, NITROGEN, Resurvey study, [SDE.MCG] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, PLANT-RESPONSES, Earth and Environmental Sciences, SLA
citations This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).4 popularity This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.Average influence This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).Average impulse This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.Average
