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The risks of acute exposure to black carbon in Southern Europe: results from the MED-PARTICLES project

descriptionPublicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Journal 10 Nov 2014 Spain, Greece, Spain, Spain, Spain, Italy, Spain Publisher:BMJJournal:Occupational and Environmental Medicine, volume 72, pages 123-129 (issn: 1351-0711, eissn: 1470-7926,

Authors: Ostro Bart D; Tobías Aurelio; Karanasiou Angeliki A; Samoli Evangelia; Querol Xavier; Rodopoulou Sophia; Basagaña X; +72 Authors

doi: 10.1136/oemed-2014-102184

pmid: 25385880

handle: 20.500.14243/279996 , 10261/344936 , 2117/175108

The risks of acute exposure to black carbon in Southern Europe: results from the MED-PARTICLES project

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Abstract

While several studies have reported associations of daily exposures to PM2.5 (particles less than 2.5 µm) with mortality, few studies have examined the impact of its constituents such as black carbon (BC), which is also a significant contributor to global climate change.We assessed the association between daily concentrations of BC and total, cardiovascular and respiratory mortality in two southern Mediterranean cities. Daily averages of BC were collected for 2 years in Barcelona, Spain and Athens, Greece. We used case-crossover analysis and examined single and cumulative lags up to 3 days.We observed associations between BC and all mortality measures. For a 3-day moving average, cardiovascular mortality increased by 4.5% (95% CI 0.7 to 8.5) and 2.0% (95% CI 0 to 4.0) for an interquartile change in BC in Athens and Barcelona, respectively. Considerably higher effects for respiratory mortality and for those above age 65 were observed. In addition, BC exhibited much greater toxicity per microgram than generic PM2.5.Our findings suggest that BC, derived in western industrialised nations primarily from diesel engines and biomass burning, poses a significant burden to public health, particularly in European cities with high-traffic density.

Countries

Spain, Greece, Spain, Spain, Spain, Italy, Spain

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Keywords

Adult, Male, Adolescent, Sistema cardiovascular -- Malalties, Respiratory Tract Diseases, Black carbon, Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable, Soot, Cor -- Malalties, Cause of Death, Humans, Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Ciències de la salut::Impacte ambiental, :Ciències de la salut::Impacte ambiental [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC], Biomass, Child, Aged, Vehicle Emissions, Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Matemàtiques i estadística, Cross-Over Studies, Greece, Cardiovascular system -- Diseases, Aire -- Contaminació, Age Factors, :Matemàtiques i estadística [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC], Environmental Exposure, Carbon, Cardiovascular Diseases, Spain, Female, Particulate Matter, Air -- Pollution

Impact byBIP!

	citations This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).	51
	popularity This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.	Top 10%
	influence This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).	Top 10%
	impulse This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.	Top 10%