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АНАЛИЗ ИЗМЕНЕНИЯ КЛИМАТА В КАЗАХСТАНЕ ЗА ПОСЛЕДНИЕ 75 ЛЕТ

Analysing the Climate Change in Kazakhstan During the Past 75 Years

АНАЛИЗ ИЗМЕНЕНИЯ КЛИМАТА В КАЗАХСТАНЕ ЗА ПОСЛЕДНИЕ 75 ЛЕТ

Abstract

We assessed climate change on the territory of Kazakhstan. Changes in the regime of air temperature and precipitation were analyzed for the whole territory of Kazakhstan and its administrative areas over the last 75 years from 1940 to 2015. As indicators of the regional climate average annual air temperature and annual precipitation were considered. To characterize the climatic variability of temperature conditions and moisture regime were analyzed for their seasonal variations for the considered territory. During the study period there has been a general increase in the surface air temperature as a whole in Kazakhstan for the year and in all seasons. There is a weak tendency of annual precipitation decrease on the average for the territory under consideration. The number of hot days when the daily maximum air temperature exceeds 30 °C and the number of days with temperatures below minus 30 °C was also calculated. It is shown that the total duration of warm periods increases by 1-4 days/10 years. Almost everywhere on the territory of Kazakhstan a trend of decreasing frequency of frosty days is being observed.

Проведена оценка изменения климата на территории Казахстана. Исследованы изменения в режиме температуры воздуха и атмосферных осадков для всей территории Казахстана и для административных областей за последние 75 лет с 1940 по 2015 год. В качестве основных показателей регионального климата использовались среднегодовая температура воздуха и годовые суммы осадков. Для характеристики климатической изменчивости температурных условий и режима увлажнения анализировались их сезонные изменения по рассматриваемой территории. За исследуемый период в Казахстане наблюдалось повсеместное повышение приземной температуры воздуха, как в целом за год, так и во все сезоны. В среднем по рассматриваемой территории отмечается слабая тенденция к уменьшению годовые суммы осадков. Рассчитано годовое число жарких дней, когда суточный максимум температуры воздуха превышает 30 °С и число дней с температурой воздуха ниже минус 30 °С. Показано, что общая продолжительность тёплых периодов становится больше – на 1–4 дня/10 лет. Практически повсеместно на территории Казахстана наблюдается тенденция уменьшения повторяемости морозных дней.

Keywords

температура, climate change, air, воздуха, temperature, precipitation, изменение климата, Казахстан, Kazakhstan, атмосферные осадки

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citations
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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Average
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