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ДИНАМИКА ЗАПАСОВ БИОМАССЫ ПОЧВЫ И ЕЕ СТАБИЛИЗАЦИЯ В ПРОЦЕССЕ ПЕРЕХОДА С БИОЦЕНОЗА НА АГРОЦЕНОЗ

DYNAMICS OF SOIL BIOMASS RESERVES AND ITS STABILIZATION IN THE PROCESS OF TRANSITION FROM BIOCENOSIS TO AGROCENOSIS

ДИНАМИКА ЗАПАСОВ БИОМАССЫ ПОЧВЫ И ЕЕ СТАБИЛИЗАЦИЯ В ПРОЦЕССЕ ПЕРЕХОДА С БИОЦЕНОЗА НА АГРОЦЕНОЗ

Abstract

An analytical review of the processes occurring in the soil in its natural state is given. Analysis of the calculations and the historical data based on the structure of the sown areas and crop yields, shows that changes in the natural state of the soil are associated with the development of agricultural production and replacing biocenoses by agrocenoses, as well as the changes in the main environmental factors that led to the replacement of natural land by boghara. The article discusses the dynamics of changes in soil biomass reserves in the natural and rainfed conditions, and their changes due to replacement of the shares of these lands, on the example of the agricultural land in the Timashevsky district, the Krasnodar Territory. Calculations showed that, with the complete replacement of biocenoses by agrocenoses, there was a sharp decline in the total biomass of soil. Illustrative materials describing the dynamics of changes in these processes are presented. The process of accumulating biomass reserves due to incoming plant biomass and reducing them due to humification of plant and root residues in the soil is described. The question of the stabilization of the soil biomass reserves at a stable yield of agricultural crops was considered. Analysis of the calculations shows that, despite the recent increase in crop yields, the total biomass reserves remain low, the flow of humus in the soil lessens, and its fertility decreases.

Приведен аналитический обзор протекающих процессов в почве в естественном состоянии. Анализ расчетов, исторических данных основанный на структуре посевных площадей и урожайности сельскохозяйственных культур, показывает, что изменения естественного состояния почв связаны с развитием сельскохозяйственного производства, заменой биоценозов на агроценозы и изменением основных средообразующих факторов, что привело к замене естественных угодий на богару. В статье рассмотрена динамика изменения запасов биомассы почвы в естественных и богарных условиях, и их изменение, вследствие замены долей этих угодий, на примере сельскохозяйственных земель Тимашевского района Краснодарского края. Расчеты показали, что, при полной замене биоценозов на агроценозы, произошло резкое сокращение общих запасов биомассы почвы. Приведены иллюстрационные материалы, характеризующие динамику изменения этих процессов. Описан процесс накопления запасов биомассы за счет поступающей фитомассы растений и уменьшения их за счет гумификации растительных и корневых остатков, находящихся в почве. Рассмотрен вопрос стабилизации запасов биомассы почвы при стабильных показателях урожая сельскохозяйственных культур. Анализ расчетов показывает, что не смотря на то, что в последние время происходит увеличение урожая сельскохозяйственных культур, общие запасы биомассы остаются на низком уровне, уменьшается поступление гумуса в почву,снижается ее плодородие.

№2(90) (2019)

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Keywords

boghara, biomass, сельскохозяйственные культуры, analysis, запасы, естественное состояние, богора, crops, reserves, natural state, soil, stabilization, биомасса, урожай, Анализ, стабилизация, harvest, почва

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citations
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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Average
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Average