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Energies
Article . 2020 . Peer-reviewed
License: CC BY
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Energies
Article
License: CC BY
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Energies
Article . 2020
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Energetic and Economic Analyses for Agricultural Management Models: The Calabria PGI Clementine Case Study

Authors: Giacomo Falcone; Teodora Stillitano; Anna Irene De Luca; Giuseppe Di Vita; Nathalie Iofrida; Alfio Strano; Giovanni Gulisano; +2 Authors

Energetic and Economic Analyses for Agricultural Management Models: The Calabria PGI Clementine Case Study

Abstract

Farming systems need to be planned to provide suitable levels of economic profitability and, at the same time, ensure an effective energy use, in order to perform environmentally friendly production strategies. The herein present work aims to assess the efficiency of energy use and economic impacts of the main farming methods (conventional, organic and integrated) of Clementine’s crops in Calabria (South Italy), through a combined use of Life Cycle Energy Assessment (LCEA) approach and economic analysis. For this purpose, data were collected from clementine producers by using face-to-face interviews. The results revealed that average energy consumption in the organic farming systems was 72,739 MJ, lower than conventional and integrated systems equal to 95,848 MJ and 94,060 MJ, respectively. This is mainly due to the ban of chemicals. Economic analysis showed that organic farms were more profitable compared with the other farming methods, because of the greater selling price and the EU economic support, reaching an average net profit of 4255 € ha−1 against 3134 € ha−1 of integrated farms and 2788 € ha−1 of conventional ones. The economic efficiency of energy from clementine production was 0.058 € MJ−1 in the organic farming, higher compared to the other two farming systems equal to 0.033 € MJ−1 on average.

Country
Italy
Keywords

production cost, Technology, T, citrus growing, life cycle energy assessment (lcea), life cycle assessment (lca), Economic Efficiency of Energy, Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), Citrus growing; Economic Efficiency of Energy; Life Cycle Assessment (LCA); Life Cycle Energy Assessment (LCEA); Production cost, citrus growing; Life Cycle Energy Assessment (LCEA); Life Cycle Assessment (LCA); production cost; Economic Efficiency of Energy, economic efficiency of energy, Life Cycle Energy Assessment (LCEA)

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    citations
    This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
    19
    popularity
    This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
    Top 10%
    influence
    This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
    Top 10%
    impulse
    This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
    Top 10%
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citations
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
19
Top 10%
Top 10%
Top 10%
Green
gold