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Thermo-Hydraulic Performance Analysis of Fe3O4-Water Nanofluid-Based Flat-Plate Solar Collectors

doi: 10.3390/su15064704
A cost-effective alternative for lowering carbon emissions from building heating is the use of flat-plate solar collectors (FPSCs). However, low thermal efficiency is a significant barrier to their effective implementation. Favorable nanofluids’ thermophysical properties have the potential to increase FPSCs’ effectiveness. Accordingly, this study evaluates the performance of an FPSC operating with Fe3O4-water nanofluid in terms of its thermo-hydraulic characteristics with operating parameters ranging from 303 to 333 K for the collector inlet temperature, 0.0167 to 0.05 kg/s for the mass flow rate, and 0.1 to 2% for nanoparticles’ volume fraction, respectively. The numerical findings demonstrated that under identical operating conditions, increasing the volume fraction up to 2% resulted in an improvement of 4.28% and 8.90% in energy and energy efficiency, respectively. However, a 13.51% and 7.93% rise in the friction factor and pressure drop, respectively, have also been observed. As a result, the performance index (PI) criteria were used to determine the optimal volume fraction (0.5%) of Fe3O4 nanoparticles, which enhanced the convective heat transfer, exergy efficiency, and energy efficiency by 12.90%, 4.33%, and 2.64%, respectively.
- Glasgow Caledonian University ResearchOnline@GCU United Kingdom
- Glasgow Caledonian University United Kingdom
- Universidad de Ingeniería y Tecnología Peru
- University of Engineering and Technology Pakistan
- Glasgow Caledonian University United Kingdom
Environmental effects of industries and plants, Fe3O4, TJ807-830, TD194-195, Renewable energy sources, Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>, Environmental sciences, friction factor, Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>; energy and exergy; flat-plate solar collector; friction factor; pressure drop; performance index, GE1-350, SDG 7 - Affordable and Clean Energy, flat-plate solar collector, energy and exergy, performance index, pressure drop
Environmental effects of industries and plants, Fe3O4, TJ807-830, TD194-195, Renewable energy sources, Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>, Environmental sciences, friction factor, Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>; energy and exergy; flat-plate solar collector; friction factor; pressure drop; performance index, GE1-350, SDG 7 - Affordable and Clean Energy, flat-plate solar collector, energy and exergy, performance index, pressure drop
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