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Improving sub-seasonal forecast skill of meteorological drought: a weather pattern approach

Abstract. Dynamical model skill in forecasting extratropical precipitation is limited beyond the medium-range (around 15 d), but such models are often more skilful at predicting atmospheric variables. We explore the potential benefits of using weather pattern (WP) predictions as an intermediary step in forecasting UK precipitation and meteorological drought on sub-seasonal timescales. Mean sea-level pressure forecasts from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts ensemble prediction system (ECMWF-EPS) are post-processed into probabilistic WP predictions. Then we derive precipitation estimates and dichotomous drought event probabilities by sampling from the conditional distributions of precipitation given the WPs. We compare this model to the direct precipitation and drought forecasts from the ECMWF-EPS and to a baseline Markov chain WP method. A perfect-prognosis model is also tested to illustrate the potential of WPs in forecasting. Using a range of skill diagnostics, we find that the Markov model is the least skilful, while the dynamical WP model and direct precipitation forecasts have similar accuracy independent of lead time and season. However, drought forecasts are more reliable for the dynamical WP model. Forecast skill scores are generally modest (rarely above 0.4), although those for the perfect-prognosis model highlight the potential predictability of precipitation and drought using WPs, with certain situations yielding skill scores of almost 0.8 and drought event hit and false alarm rates of 70 % and 30 %, respectively.
- Newcastle University United Kingdom
- Wageningen University & Research Netherlands
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation Australia
- Hobart Corporation United States
- CSIRO Ocean and Atmosphere Australia
Climate Change and Adaptive Land and Water Management, QE1-996.5, Climate Change, Alterra - Klimaatverandering en adaptief land- en watermanagement, Geology, Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering, Klimaatverandering en adaptief land- en watermanagement, Klimaatverandering, G, Environmental sciences, Climate Resilience, Klimaatbestendigheid, Geography. Anthropology. Recreation, Life Science, GE1-350, Alterra - Climate change and adaptive land and water management, TD1-1066
Climate Change and Adaptive Land and Water Management, QE1-996.5, Climate Change, Alterra - Klimaatverandering en adaptief land- en watermanagement, Geology, Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering, Klimaatverandering en adaptief land- en watermanagement, Klimaatverandering, G, Environmental sciences, Climate Resilience, Klimaatbestendigheid, Geography. Anthropology. Recreation, Life Science, GE1-350, Alterra - Climate change and adaptive land and water management, TD1-1066
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