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Trapping Efficiency Of Diesel Particles Through A Square Duct

Authors: Francis William S; Imtiaz Ahmed Choudhury; Ananda Kumar Eriki; A. John Rajan;

Trapping Efficiency Of Diesel Particles Through A Square Duct

Abstract

Diesel Engines emit complex mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds in the form of both solid and vapour phase particles. Most of the particulates released are ultrafine nanoparticles which are detrimental to human health and can easily enter the body by respiration. The emissions standards on particulate matter release from diesel engines are constantly upgraded within the European Union and with future regulations based on the particles numbers released instead of merely mass, the need for effective aftertreatment devices will increase. Standard particulate filters in the form of wall flow filters can have problems with high soot accumulation, producing a large exhaust backpressure. A potential solution would be to combine the standard filter with a flow through filter to reduce the load on the wall flow filter. In this paper soot particle trapping has been simulated in different continuous flow filters of monolithic structure including the use of promoters, at laminar flow conditions. An Euler Lagrange model, the discrete phase model in Ansys used with user defined functions for forces acting on particles. A method to quickly screen trapping of 5 nm and 10 nm particles in different catalysts designs with tracers was also developed. Simulations of square duct monoliths with promoters show that the strength of the vortices produced are not enough to give a high amount of particle deposition on the catalyst walls. The smallest particles in the simulations, 5 and 10 nm particles were trapped to a higher extent, than larger particles up to 1000 nm, in all studied geometries with the predominant deposition mechanism being Brownian diffusion. The comparison of the different filters designed with a wall flow filter does show that the options for altering a design of a flow through filter, without imposing a too large pressure drop penalty are good.

{"references": ["M.Votsmeier, T. Kreuzer, J. Gieshioff, Automobile Exhaust Control,\nUllmann-s Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry,\n", "Kalla http://www.dieselnet.com/standards/eu/hd.php.", "A.M.Hochhauser, Gasoline and Other Motor Fuels, Kirk-Othmer\nEncyclopedia of Chemical Technology. 2010-01-20,\n", "M.Zhen, S. Banerjee, Diesel oxidation catalyst and particulate filter\nmodelling in active Flow configurations, Applied Thermal\nEnmgineering 29 (2009) 3021-3035.", "J.Uchisawa, A. Obuchi, A. Ohi, T. Nanba, N. Nakayama, Activity of\ncatalysts supported on heat-resistant ceramic cloth for diesel soot\noxidation, Power Technology 180 (2008) 39-44.\n[10] W.A. Majewski, Diesel Oxidation Catalyst, www. Dieselnet.com. 2009.\n[11] Schaefer-Sindlingera, I. Lappasa, C.C. Vogta, et al, Efficient material\ndesign for diesel particulate filters, Topics in Catalysis Vols. 42-43,\n2007.\n[12] L. Andreassi, S. Cordiner, V. Mulone, M. Presti, A mixed numericalexperimental\nanalysis procedure for non-blocking metal supported soot\ntrap design. SAE 2002-01-2782), 2002.\n[13] W.A. Majewski, Flow-Through Filters, www. Dieselnet. Com, 2009.\n[14] B. Andersson, R. Andersson, L. Hakansson, et al, Computational Fluid\nDynamics for Chemical Enginers, fifth edition, Gothenburg, 2009.\n[15] M. Sommerfield, B.Wan Wachem, R. Oliemans, (eds), Best Practice\nGuidelines for CFD of Dispersed Multiphase Flows\n(ERCOFTAC/SIAMUF, Goteborg, 2008).\n[16] R. Bruck, P. Hirth, M. Reizig, Metal Supported Flow-Through\nParticulate Trap; a Non-Blocking Solution, SAE 2001-01-1950, 2001."]}

Keywords

Exhaust pipe, thermophoresis, PM-Simulation modeling., Diesel Engine trap

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