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Universidade do Minho: RepositoriUM
Master thesis . 2022
License: CC BY NC ND
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Universidade do Minho: RepositoriUM
Other literature type . 2022
License: CC BY NC ND
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Conceção de uma central fotovoltaica

Design of a photovoltaic plant
Authors: Pereira, Ângelo Jorge da Silva;

Conceção de uma central fotovoltaica

Abstract

O recurso a energias renováveis é cada vez mais frequente nos dias de hoje, tal justifica-se pela procura de alternativas que permitam a redução da emissão de gases poluentes, objetivo muito abordado pelos países integrados no Acordo de Paris (COP 21) pela sua importância para a melhoria da qualidade de vida e sustentabilidade do planeta Terra. A presente dissertação realizou-se no âmbito do Mestrado em Ciências e Tecnologias do Ambiente, no ramo de Energias e foi desenvolvida no contexto de estágio curricular na empresa Prime Energy Solar Systems, especializada na prestação de serviços na área de engenharia solar. O principal objetivo passou pelo dimensionamento de um sistema fotovoltaico e pela verificação da sua rentabilidade e eficiência. Assim, foi realizado um dimensionamento de um sistema fotovoltaico conectado à rede, implementado na cobertura da indústria alimentar MEPS, localizada em Fafe. O sistema fotovoltaico tem uma potência total instalada de 105,84 kWp e o seu propósito passa pelo autoconsumo. É composto por 340 painéis fotovoltaicos, 2 inversores, estrutura de suporte e por equipamentos de comando, corte, proteção e de contagem. Primeiramente, efetuou-se uma estimativa da produção anual do sistema fotovoltaico, com o ângulo de inclinação 10º, recorrendo ao PVSol e PVGis. O software PVSol é o que apresenta a maior previsão de produção anual de energia com um valor de 141586 kWh, sendo superior ao que foi registado verdadeiramente pelo sistema fotovoltaico (79263 kWh). Em relação aos fatores de desempenho também determinados pelo software PVSol, observou-se uma performance rating média de 85,1%, durante um ano, nos inversores e, no que diz respeito aos módulos, foi verificada uma queda de potência de 19% ao longo dos 25 anos. De seguida procedeu-se à comparação dos resultados estimados do PVGis e PVSol com os resultados reais da obra e chegou-se à conclusão de que o sistema apresentou uma autossuficiência de 43,07%, significando que o sistema fotovoltaico é eficiente, cobrindo quase metade dos consumos da indústria. Por fim, fez-se uma análise de viabilidade financeira ao sistema fotovoltaico, utilizando os dados do PVSol e concluiu-se que o sistema irá ser rentável e economicamente viável, uma vez que apresenta um valor atual líquido positivo (72000€), um payback de 4,3 anos (dentro do tempo de vida do sistema) e uma taxa interna de retorno de 23%, superior à taxa mínima de atratividade (10%).

The use of renewable energies is increasingly frequent today, this is justified by the search for alternatives that allow the reduction of the emission of polluting gases, a goal much addressed by the countries integrated in the Paris Agreement (COP 21) for its importance for improving the quality of life and sustainability of planet Earth. This dissertation was carried out in the scope of the Master's degree in Environmental Sciences and Technologies, in the field of Energies and was developed in the context of curricular internship at Prime Energy Solar Systems, specialized in the provision of services in the area of solar engineering. The main objective was the design of a photovoltaic system and the verification of its profitability and efficiency. Thus, a photovoltaic system connected to the network was dimensioned, implemented in the coverage of the MEPS food industry, located in Fafe. The photovoltaic system has a total installed power of 105.84 kWp and its purpose is self-consumption. It consists of 340 photovoltaic panels, 2 inverters, support structure and command, cutting, protection and counting equipment. First, an estimate of the annual production of the photovoltaic system was made, with the inclination angle 10º, using PVSol and PVGis. The PVSol software has the highest forecast of annual energy production with a value of 141586 kWh, being higher than that actually recorded by the photovoltaic system (79263 kWh). Regarding the performance factors also determined by the PVSol software, an average performance rating of 85.1% was observed during one year in the inverters and, with regard to the modules, a power drop of 19% was observed over the 25 years. Next, the estimated results of PVGis and PVSol were compared with the actual results of the work and it was concluded that the system presented a self-sufficiency of 43.07%, meaning that the photovoltaic system is efficient, covering almost half of the industry's consumption. Finally, a financial feasibility analysis was made to the photovoltaic system, using PVSol data and it was concluded that the system will be profitable and economically viable, since it has a positive net current value (72000€), a payback of 4.3 years (within the lifetime of the system) and an internal rate of return of 23%, higher than the minimum rate of attractiveness (10%).

Dissertação de mestrado em Ciências e Tecnologias do Ambiente (especialização em Energia)

Country
Portugal
Related Organizations
Keywords

Energy, Ciências Naturais::Ciências da Terra e do Ambiente, Dimensionamento, Sistema Fotovoltaico, Rentabilidade, Inversor, Energia solar, Solar Energy, Energia, Inverter, Profitability, PVSol, Sizing, Photovoltaic system

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citations
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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