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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Dinghong Xu; orcid Kashif Raza Abbasi;
    Kashif Raza Abbasi
    ORCID
    Harvested from ORCID Public Data File

    Kashif Raza Abbasi in OpenAIRE
    orcid bw Khadim Hussain;
    Khadim Hussain
    ORCID
    Derived by OpenAIRE algorithms or harvested from 3rd party repositories

    Khadim Hussain in OpenAIRE
    orcid bw Abdullah Albaker;
    Abdullah Albaker
    ORCID
    Derived by OpenAIRE algorithms or harvested from 3rd party repositories

    Abdullah Albaker in OpenAIRE
    +2 Authors

    Le Pakistan traverse une crise énergétique terrifiante et dévastatrice. Récemment, la prévision de la consommation d'énergie s'est intensifiée par rapport à sa capacité de production, ce qui est problématique pour la stabilité sociale et économique du Pakistan. Par conséquent, il est essentiel d'examiner le lien entre la consommation d'électricité, les prix de l'électricité, la transition urbaine, les autres utilisations d'électricité et l'expansion économique de 1970 à 2018 au Pakistan. Pour l'analyse, la technique économétrique de deuxième génération de Lee et Strazicich (2013), le nouveau Augmented Autoregressive Distributed Lag (AARDL) et Frequency Domain Causality (FDC) est utile pour détecter l'association à moyen et à court terme entre les variables. Les résultats montrent que la consommation d'électricité stimule l'expansion économique à court et à long terme, bien que la hausse des prix de l'électricité diminue l'activité économique à court et à long terme. En outre, la transition urbaine et d'autres utilisations de l'électricité ont un impact positif et négatif substantiel sur l'expansion économique à court et à long terme. Le résultat suggère qu'un approvisionnement énergétique efficace, des prix de l'énergie à faible coût, une bonne gestion de la transition urbaine et d'autres utilisations de l'énergie pourraient être utiles aux décideurs pour atteindre les ODD 7 et 11 au Pakistan. Pakistán se encuentra en una crisis energética aterradora y devastadora. Recientemente, la predicción del consumo de energía se ha intensificado en comparación con su capacidad de producción, lo que es problemático para la estabilidad social y económica de Pakistán. Por lo tanto, es vital examinar el vínculo entre el consumo de energía, los precios de la energía, la transición urbana, otros usos de la electricidad y la expansión económica de 1970 a 2018 en Pakistán. Para el análisis, la técnica econométrica de segunda generación de Lee y Strazicich (2013), el novedoso Retraso Distribuido Autoregresivo Aumentado (AARDL) y la Causalidad en el Dominio de la Frecuencia (FDC) son útiles para detectar la asociación a largo y corto plazo entre las variables. Los resultados muestran que el consumo de energía estimula la expansión económica a corto y largo plazo, aunque el aumento de los precios de la energía disminuye la actividad económica a corto y largo plazo. Además, la transición urbana y otros usos de la electricidad tienen un impacto positivo y negativo sustancial en la expansión económica a corto y largo plazo. El resultado sugiere que el suministro eficiente de energía, los precios de la energía de bajo coste, la gestión adecuada de la transición urbana y otros usos de la energía podrían ser útiles para que los responsables políticos alcancen los ODS 7 y 11 en Pakistán. Pakistan is in a terrifying and devastating energy crisis. Recently, the prediction for energy consumption has intensified compared to its production capacity, which is problematic for Pakistan's social and economic stability. Hence, it is vital to examine the link between power consumption, power prices, urban transition, other electricity use, and economic expansion from 1970 to 2018 in Pakistan. For analysis, the second-generation econometric technique of Lee and Strazicich (2013), novel Augmented Autoregressive Distributed Lag (AARDL), and Frequency Domain Causality (FDC) is useful to detect the long-medium and short-run association among the variables. The results show that power consumption stimulates economic expansion in the short and long-run, though the rise in power prices declines economic activity in the short and long-run. Also, urban transition and other electricity use are a substantial positive and negative impact on economic expansion in the short and long-run. The outcome suggests that efficient energy supply, low-cost power prices, proper urban transition management, and other energy use could be useful for policymakers to achieve SDGs 7 and 11 in Pakistan. باكستان في أزمة طاقة مرعبة ومدمرة. في الآونة الأخيرة، تكثف التنبؤ باستهلاك الطاقة مقارنة بقدرته الإنتاجية، مما يمثل مشكلة للاستقرار الاجتماعي والاقتصادي لباكستان. وبالتالي، من الضروري دراسة الصلة بين استهلاك الطاقة وأسعار الطاقة والتحول الحضري واستخدام الكهرباء الأخرى والتوسع الاقتصادي من 1970 إلى 2018 في باكستان. للتحليل، فإن تقنية الاقتصاد القياسي من الجيل الثاني من Lee and Strazicich (2013)، والتأخر الموزع الانحداري الذاتي المعزز (AARDL)، وسببية مجال التردد (FDC) مفيدة للكشف عن الارتباط طويل المدى وقصير المدى بين المتغيرات. تظهر النتائج أن استهلاك الطاقة يحفز التوسع الاقتصادي على المدى القصير والطويل، على الرغم من أن ارتفاع أسعار الطاقة يؤدي إلى انخفاض النشاط الاقتصادي على المدى القصير والطويل. كما أن التحول الحضري والاستخدامات الأخرى للكهرباء لها تأثير إيجابي وسلبي كبير على التوسع الاقتصادي على المدى القصير والطويل. تشير النتيجة إلى أن إمدادات الطاقة الفعالة، وأسعار الطاقة منخفضة التكلفة، وإدارة الانتقال الحضري المناسبة، وغيرها من استخدامات الطاقة يمكن أن تكون مفيدة لصانعي السياسات لتحقيق هدفي التنمية المستدامة 7 و 11 في باكستان.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Energy Strategy Revi...arrow_drop_down
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    Energy Strategy Reviews
    Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
    License: CC BY
    Data sources: Crossref
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Energy Strategy Reviews
    Article . 2023
    Data sources: DOAJ
    https://dx.doi.org/10.60692/5g...
    Other literature type . 2023
    Data sources: Datacite
    https://dx.doi.org/10.60692/rb...
    Other literature type . 2023
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Energy Strategy Revi...arrow_drop_down
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      Energy Strategy Reviews
      Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
      License: CC BY
      Data sources: Crossref
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Energy Strategy Reviews
      Article . 2023
      Data sources: DOAJ
      https://dx.doi.org/10.60692/5g...
      Other literature type . 2023
      Data sources: Datacite
      https://dx.doi.org/10.60692/rb...
      Other literature type . 2023
      Data sources: Datacite
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: orcid Najabat Ali;
    Najabat Ali
    ORCID
    Harvested from ORCID Public Data File

    Najabat Ali in OpenAIRE
    orcid bw Khamphe Phoungthong;
    Khamphe Phoungthong
    ORCID
    Derived by OpenAIRE algorithms or harvested from 3rd party repositories

    Khamphe Phoungthong in OpenAIRE
    Kuaanan Techato; orcid Waheed Ali;
    Waheed Ali
    ORCID
    Harvested from ORCID Public Data File

    Waheed Ali in OpenAIRE
    +3 Authors

    One major concern about foreign direct investment (FDI) is the potential negative environmental impact due to increased CO2 emissions. However, there is a possibility that FDI mitigates CO2 emissions through green innovation and creates a cleaner environment. In the existing literature, there is no significant empirical evidence on the linkage among FDI, green innovation and CO2 emissions in the context of BRICS countries. Hence, this study aims to analyze the impact of FDI and green innovation on the environmental quality of BRICS economies for 1990–2014. The study employed Augmented Mean Group (AMG) estimators for empirical data analysis. The study’s findings depict that foreign direct investment, energy use, and economic growth have a significant and positive impact on the CO2 emissions of BRICS economies. Moreover, green innovation has a significant inverse impact on CO2 emissions. The results show bidirectional causalities between CO2 emissions and green innovation, trade openness and CO2 emissions, energy use and CO2 emissions, and urbanization and CO2 emissions. Additionally, the findings reveal a one-way causality from CO2 emissions to GDP and CO2 emissions to urbanization. This study offers essential policy recommendations for the environmental sustainability of BRICS countries through green innovation.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Sustainabilityarrow_drop_down
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    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Sustainability
    Article . 2022 . Peer-reviewed
    License: CC BY
    Data sources: Crossref
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Sustainability
    Article
    License: CC BY
    Data sources: UnpayWall
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    Sustainability
    Article . 2022
    Data sources: DOAJ
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      Sustainability
      Article . 2022 . Peer-reviewed
      License: CC BY
      Data sources: Crossref
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      Sustainability
      Article
      License: CC BY
      Data sources: UnpayWall
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Sustainability
      Article . 2022
      Data sources: DOAJ
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: orcid Mohammad Shameem Al Mamun;
    Mohammad Shameem Al Mamun
    ORCID
    Harvested from ORCID Public Data File

    Mohammad Shameem Al Mamun in OpenAIRE
    Md. Shahjahan; orcid bw Masum Ahmad;
    Masum Ahmad
    ORCID
    Derived by OpenAIRE algorithms or harvested from 3rd party repositories

    Masum Ahmad in OpenAIRE

    Experiments were carried out to evaluate the toxicity of six botanicals, Bazna (Zanthoxylum rhetsa), Ghora-neem (Melia sempervirens), Hijal (Barringtonia acutangula), Karanja (Pongamia pinnata), Mahogoni (Swietenia mahagoni) and Neem (Azadirachta indica) against red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum Herbst. Leaf and seed extracts were prepared by using acetone, methanol and water as solvents. The results showed that extracts of all the six plants had direct toxic effect on red flour beetle. Among them, Neem seed extract showed the highest toxic effect (mortality, 52.50%), whereas Hijal leaf extract possessed the lowest toxic effect (mortality, 22.24%). Among the solvents, acetone extract showed more toxic effect than other extracts. Seed extracts of respective plants were slightly more toxic than leaf extract. The effectiveness of most of the plant extracts increased proportionally with the increase of doses and decreased with time. Keywords: Plant extracts; Toxicity; Red flour beetleDOI: 10.3329/jbau.v7i1.4789 J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 7(1): 1-5, 2009

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Journal of the Bangl...arrow_drop_down
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    Journal of the Bangladesh Agricultural University
    Article . 1970 . Peer-reviewed
    Data sources: Crossref
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    https://dx.doi.org/10.60692/9w...
    Other literature type . 1970
    Data sources: Datacite
    https://dx.doi.org/10.60692/ft...
    Other literature type . 1970
    Data sources: Datacite
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Journal of the Bangl...arrow_drop_down
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      Journal of the Bangladesh Agricultural University
      Article . 1970 . Peer-reviewed
      Data sources: Crossref
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
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      https://dx.doi.org/10.60692/9w...
      Other literature type . 1970
      Data sources: Datacite
      https://dx.doi.org/10.60692/ft...
      Other literature type . 1970
      Data sources: Datacite
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Rahman, Munsur; Haque, Anisul; Nicholls, Robert J.; orcid Darby, Stephen;
    Darby, Stephen
    ORCID
    Harvested from ORCID Public Data File

    Darby, Stephen in OpenAIRE
    +7 Authors

    The Ganges-Brahmaputra-Meghna (GBM) delta is one of the world's largest deltas. It is currently experiencing high rates of relative sea-level rise of about 5 mm/year, reflecting anthropogenic climate change and land subsidence. This is expected to accelerate further through the 21st Century, so there are concerns that the GBM delta will be progressively submerged. In this context, a core question is: can sedimentation on the delta surface maintain its elevation relative to sea level? This research seeks to answer this question by applying a two-dimensional flow and morphological model which is capable of handling dynamic interactions between the river and floodplain systems and simulating floodplain sedimentation under different flow-sediment regimes and anthropogenic interventions. We find that across a range of flood frequencies and adaptation scenarios (including the natural polder-free state), the retained volume of sediment varies between 22% and 50% of the corresponding sediment input. This translates to average rates of sedimentation on the delta surface of 5.5 mm/yr to 7.5 mm/yr. Hence, under present conditions, sedimentation associated with quasi-natural conditions can exceed current rates of relative sea-level rise and potentially create new land mass. These findings highlight that encouraging quasi-natural conditions through the widespread application of active sediment management measures has the potential to promote more sustainable outcomes for the GBM delta. Practical measures to promote include tidal river management, and appropriate combinations of cross-dams, bandal-like structures, and dredging.

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    The Science of The Total Environment
    Article . 2022
    License: taverne
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    The Science of The Total Environment
    Article . 2022 . Peer-reviewed
    License: Elsevier TDM
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    SSRN Electronic Journal
    Article . 2021 . Peer-reviewed
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      The Science of The Total Environment
      Article . 2022
      License: taverne
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      The Science of The Total Environment
      Article . 2022 . Peer-reviewed
      License: Elsevier TDM
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      SSRN Electronic Journal
      Article . 2021 . Peer-reviewed
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    Authors: Qasim Ali; Mueen Ahmed Zia; Muhammad Kamran; Muhammad Shabaan; +4 Authors

    Pollution is a significant problem in both industrialized and developing countries, as well as in some developed countries. Heavy metal pollution poses a crucial concern for communities due to its detrimental impact on human health and the long-term well-being of the planet. Heavy metals, such as cadmium, chromium, arsenic, lead, and mercury, do not degrade and can enter the food chain, leading to significant health risks. Therefore, it is essential to monitor and take necessary steps to eliminate heavy metal residues that may be present in food, beverages, and the environment. Although the exact role of nanomaterials in pollution cleanup is still unclear, nanotechnology holds promise as a future solution. In the first part of this comprehensive review, a brief overview of nanoremediation is provided. The subsequent sections delve into various nanomaterials and their potential applications in different pollution cleanup scenarios. Following that, critical analysis is conducted on different nano-remediation methods, including oxidation, adsorption, chemical precipitation, filtration, ion exchange, coagulation-flocculation, and photo-catalysis. Lastly, further suggestions are put forward regarding the future utilization of nanotechnology for more effective and enduring pollution cleanup, particularly in eliminating heavy metals.

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    Hybrid Advances
    Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
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    Hybrid Advances
    Article . 2023
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      Hybrid Advances
      Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
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      Hybrid Advances
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    Too much or too little water is always a challenge for any water related issue, especially for developing countries where water is abundant or crisis like Bangladesh with the change of circumstances. Dhaka the capital of Bangladesh is facing a serious water scarcity problem due to the big gap between demand and supply of water system. On the other hand it can be say that this water crisis originated due to too much water like floods, rainfall, drought etc. that force rural people from other part of country towards city and city is losing its hydrological balance to accommodate these unwanted migrated people. Dhaka has experiencing a tremendous pressure and transformation in terms of its water system due to such unmanageable urban growth and uncontrolled urbanization. Design strategies and solution are needed to respond for pressing climate and environmental changes and necessary to take action against the ubiquitous human mismanagement of the essential resource of water. To overcome these water related problem water can be a designing element for structuring future development with the combination of sustainable approaches for social and physical transformation, open up opportunities for land water management system. This paper will try to find the changing relation between the city and its water system. Using Kamrangir chor a water linked suburb in Dhaka as an experimental site this paper will also frame some urban design strategies for reducing water damages, revitalize water sources, productive water parks, which will structure new water based urban development.

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    Journal of Social and Development Sciences
    Article . 2012 . Peer-reviewed
    License: CC BY
    Data sources: Crossref
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    https://dx.doi.org/10.60692/rm...
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      Journal of Social and Development Sciences
      Article . 2012 . Peer-reviewed
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      https://dx.doi.org/10.60692/rm...
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    Authors: orcid Sajjad Hossain Dinnar;
    Sajjad Hossain Dinnar
    ORCID
    Harvested from ORCID Public Data File

    Sajjad Hossain Dinnar in OpenAIRE
    orcid Shobnom Islam;
    Shobnom Islam
    ORCID
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    Shobnom Islam in OpenAIRE
    orcid bw Manpreet Singh;
    Manpreet Singh
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    Manpreet Singh in OpenAIRE
    orcid Rishab Gaba;
    Rishab Gaba
    ORCID
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    Rishab Gaba in OpenAIRE

    Rapid urbanization combined with high economic growth, industrialization, and changes in socio-economic conditions increase the quantity of municipal solid waste. Cities located in South-Asia are facing serious issues due to waste, with countries like India, Bangladesh, and Pakistan top of the list of bad waste management. The increasing generation of solid waste and also the improper management of waste in Bangladesh leads to environmental degradation. Current waste management practice in Bangladesh is so weak that day by day it is harming the climate and creating a lot of unwanted situations. This research consists of an examination of the current administrative measures and presents another proposition for the executive cycle to decrease ecological contamination. The research study aims to decrease the amount of waste being dumped into municipal sanitary landfill sites & converting the waste into energy which is both financially and environmentally suitable by involving unemployed people in the management system. The results of this study will give an idea of how waste can be utilized as a resource and how this resource can be a capital good as well as how the local level problems can be solved by taking some strategies and making our environment suitable for future generations.

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    Geomatics and Environmental Engineering
    Article . 2021 . Peer-reviewed
    License: CC BY
    Data sources: Crossref
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    Geomatics and Environmental Engineering
    Article
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    https://dx.doi.org/10.60692/h1...
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      Geomatics and Environmental Engineering
      Article . 2021 . Peer-reviewed
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      Geomatics and Environmental Engineering
      Article
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      https://dx.doi.org/10.60692/h1...
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    Authors: orcid bw Nighat Naved;
    Nighat Naved
    ORCID
    Derived by OpenAIRE algorithms or harvested from 3rd party repositories

    Nighat Naved in OpenAIRE
    orcid Fahad Umer;
    Fahad Umer
    ORCID
    Harvested from ORCID Public Data File

    Fahad Umer in OpenAIRE

    Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of ethanol compared to citric acid in the removal of oil-based calcium hydroxide from the apical third of the root canal system using passive ultrasonic irrigation. Method: The in vitro study was conducted from September to October 2021 at the dental clinics of the Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, and comprised single-rooted teeth that were selected from institutional bank of extracted teeth. They were randomly divided into group A having 70% ethanol + passive ultrasonic irrigation, group B 10% citric acid + passive ultrasonic irrigation, group C positive controls and group D negative controls. The specimens were sectioned at 1mm and 3mm from the apex and examined under a dental operating microscope. A single examiner scored the specimens on two different occasions. Data was analysed using SPSS 25. Results: Of the 90 teeth, there were 40(44.4%) in each of the 2 experimental groups and 5(5.5%) in each of the 2 control groups. At 3mm apical sections, ethanol was significantly more effective in the removal of oil-based calcium hydroxide (p=0.01). However, at 1mm from the apex, there was no significant difference between the experimental groups (p=0.064). Intragroup comparison showed that for groups A and B, residual medicament at 1mm sections was significantly greater than at 3mm sections (p<0.001, p=0.003). Conclusion: Neither irrigant showed complete removal at 1mm and 3mm from the apex. However, at 3mm apical sections, 70% ethanol was significantly more effective compared to 10% citric acid. Key Words: Calcium hydroxide, Root canal medicament, Endodontics, Citric acid, Ethanol.

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    Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association
    Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
    License: CC BY
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    https://dx.doi.org/10.60692/qv...
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      Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association
      Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
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      https://dx.doi.org/10.60692/qv...
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    Authors: Syeda Fasiha Amjad; Nida Mansoora; Samia Yaseen; Afifa Kamal; +6 Authors

    On a global scale, wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is a widely cultivated crop among all cereals. Increasing pollution, population expansion, socio-economic development, ecological and industrial policies have induced changes in overall climatic attributes. The impact of these factors on agriculture dynamics has led to various biotic and abiotic stresses, i.e., significant decline in rainfall, directly affect sustainable agriculture. Increasing abiotic stresses have a direct negative effect on worldwide crop production. More promising and improved stress-tolerant strategies that can help to feed the increasing global population are required. A laboratory experiment was performed on two of the latest wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes (Akbar 2019 and Anaj 2017) from Punjab Pakistan, to determine the influence of seed priming with thiamine (vitamin B1) along with soil inoculation of Endophytic bacterial strains to mitigate the effects of drought stress at different degrees. Results revealed that thiamine helped in the remote germination; seeds of Anaj 2017 germinated within 16 hours while Akbar 2019 germinated after one day. Overall growth parameters of Anaj 2017 were negatively affected even under higher levels of drought stress, while Akbar 2019 proved to be a susceptible cultivar. A significant increase in RFW (54%), SFW (85%), RDW (69%), SDW (67%) and TChl (136%) validated the effectiveness of D-T3 compared to C-T0 in drought stress. Significant decrease in MDA, EL and H2O2 signified the imperative function of D-T3 over C-T0 under drought stress. In conclusion and recommendation, we declare that farmers can get better wheat growth under drought stress by application of D-T3 over C-T0.

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    Sustainability
    Article . 2021 . Peer-reviewed
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    Sustainability
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    Sustainability
    Article . 2021
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    Authors: Abdul Naji; Hafeezur Rehman; orcid Muhammad Emad;
    Muhammad Emad
    ORCID
    Harvested from ORCID Public Data File

    Muhammad Emad in OpenAIRE
    Saeed Ahmad; +2 Authors

    Rockburst is an unstable failure of a rock mass which is influenced by many factors. During deep excavations, the presence of nearby geological structures such as minor faults, joints, and shear zones increases the likelihood of rockburst occurrence. A shear zone has been observed in the headrace tunnel in the Neelum Jhelum Hydropower Project, Pakistan, which has played an important role in major rockburst events in the project’s history. A rockburst is a seismic event that involves the release of a great amount of energy as the dynamic wave radiated from the seismic source reaches the excavation boundary. In this paper, the FLAC 2D explicit numerical code has been used to simulate the dynamic phenomenon of rockburst near the shear zone in a headrace tunnel. The behavior of the rock mass around the tunnel has been studied under both static and dynamic loading. According to modeling results, rockburst significantly affected the upper left quadrant of the tunnel similar to the actual failure profile with a depth of approximately 5 m. The dynamic impact of rockburst has also affected the loading conditions of the support system in the adjacent tunnel. This study elucidates one of the most important rockburst controlling factors through numerical analysis and recommends yielding support measures that can withstand the dynamic impacts of rockburst in deep, hard rock tunnels.

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    Energies
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    Energies
    Article . 2019
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