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Impact loads in large iron and steel enterprise bring the power system reactive power impact, which makes the fluctuation of the system voltage, power factor and other parameters are out of the limitation of the national standard. Substation bus reactive load forecasting in large iron and steel enterprise can be introduced to determine reactive power optimization strategy and the switching of capacitors. In this paper, a combination forecasting model of quadratic self-adaptive exponential smoothing (QSES) model and converse exponential (CE) model has been proposed for substation bus reactive load forecasting. The numerical results in Jinan iron and steel Group show the application of this model is encouraging. Introduction

AbstractThis work reports the synthesis, characterization, photophysical, and photovoltaic properties of five new thieno[3,2‐b][1]benzothiophene isoindigo (TBTI)‐containing low bandgap donor–acceptor conjugated polymers with a series of comonomers and different side chains. When TBTI is combined with different electron‐rich moieties, even small structural variations can have significant impact on thin film morphology of the polymer:phenyl C70 butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) blends. More importantly, high‐resolution electron energy loss spectroscopy is used to investigate the phase‐separated bulk heterojunction domains, which can be accurately and precisely resolved, enabling an enhanced correlation between polymer chemical structure, photovoltaic device performance, and morphology.

An all-round supramolecular zwitterionic hydrogel electrolyte with the advantages ofin siturepair, H2O-poor interface, and boosting the desolvation of hydrated Zn2+is proposed to enable the fabrication of environment-adaptive dendrite-free zinc ion capacitors.

Background: The resonant coil design is taken as the core technology in the magnetic coupling resonant wireless power transmission system, which achieves energy transmission by the coupling of the resonant coil. This paper studies the effect of the resonant coil on energy transmission and the efficiency of the system. Combining a two-coil with a three-coil system, the optimum design method for the resonant coil is given to propose a novel coil structure. Methods: First, the co-simulation methods of Pspice and Maxwell are used. When the coupling coefficient of the resonant coil is different, the relationship between system transmission efficiency, output power, and frequency is analyzed. When the self-inductance of the resonant coil is different, the relationship between the performance and frequency of the system transmission is analyzed. Then, two-coil and three-coil structure models are built, and the parameters of the magnetic field of the coils are calculated and analyzed using the finite element method. In the end, a dual E-type simulation circuit model is used to optimize the design of the novel resonance coil. Results: The co-simulation results show that the coupling coefficients of the two-coil, three-coil, and novel coil systems are 0.017, 0.17 and 0.0126, respectively. The power loss of the novel coil is 16.4 mW. Conclusions: There is an obvious improvement in the three-coil system, which shows that the magnetic leakage of the field and the energy coupling are relatively small. The new structure coil has better performance, and the load loss is lower; it can improve the system output power and transmission efficiency.

Flue gas desulfurization (FGD) and selective catalytic reduction (SCR) technologies have been widely used to control the emissions of sulphur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen oxides (NOX) from coal-fired power plants (CFPPs). Field measurements of emission characteristics of four conventional CFPPs indicated a significant increase in particulate ionic species, increasing PM2.5 emission with FGD and SCR installations. The mean concentrations of PM2.5 from all CFPPs tested were 3.79 ± 1.37 mg/m3 and 5.02 ± 1.73 mg/m3 at the FGD inlet and outlet, respectively, and the corresponding contributions of ionic species were 19.1 ± 7.7% and 38.2 ± 7.8%, respectively. The FGD was found to enhance the conversion of NH3 slip from the SCR to NH4+ in the PM2.5, together with the conversion of SO2 to SO42-, and increased the primary NH4+ and SO42- aerosol emissions by approximately 18.9 and 4.2 times, respectively. This adverse effect should be considered when updating the emission inventory of CFPPs and should draw the attention of policy-makers for future air pollution control.

AbstractSwitchable exhaust air (SEA) window allows the exhaust air from HVAC system to be ventilated through the cavity of the window to ambient. It can be regarded as an exhaust air heat recovery device in buildings. The annual energy requirement of the window has been calculated in Wuhan, China. The energy requirements for conditioning fresh air with and without the total heat recovery ventilators (THRVs) are also investigated. Heat recovery performance of the SEA window and the THRVs is compared. Results show that the SEA window can potentially provide alternative solution for recovering the low-grade energy from air-conditioning exhaust air.

The formation and decay of excited states of light‐harvesting bacteriochlorophyll (BChl) molecules and primary charge separation in reaction centres (RCs) of pigment‐protein complex B890 of the purple bacterium Chromatium minutissimum were studied as a function of excitation wavelength by means of picosecond absorbance difference spectroscopy. Selective excitation in the RC absorption band (at 800 nm) induced rapid bleaching of the absorption band of the RC BChl dimer (τ ∼ 1 ps) without absorption changes due to excited light‐harvesting BChl. It is concluded that excitation energy transfer from the BChl dimer of the RC to light‐harvesting BChl molecules is considerably slower than RC charge separation. Therefore, energy transfer from the light‐harvesting antenna to the RC in bacterial photosynthesis may be described as a ‘migration‐limited model’.

This paper built a model of tractive power supply system, analysed the influence on signal cables due to tractive power supply system through the software ATP-EMTP and found out influencing factors of the induced voltage in signal cable core of railway system. Simulation shows that: Structure and size of signal cable, earthing methods and earth resistance of the signal cable sheath are three of the most important factors. There are several ways to reduce the induced voltage in signal cable core, such as reduce the earth resistance of cable sheath and increase the number of earthing contacts of cable sheath.