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description Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Other literature type , Journal 2015 France, South Africa, FrancePublisher:Public Library of Science (PLoS) Funded by:NSF | Sources of Heterogeneity ..., NSF | CNH: Dynamic Interactions..., EC | AfricanBioServicesNSF| Sources of Heterogeneity in Grasslands: Responses of Wildlife to People on Savanna Landscape ,NSF| CNH: Dynamic Interactions Among People, Livestock, and Savanna Ecosystems Under Climate Change ,EC| AfricanBioServicesAuthors: Joseph O. Ogutu; Norman Owen‐Smith; Hans‐Peter Piepho; Holly T. Dublin;Dans les latitudes tempérées élevées, les ongulés donnent généralement naissance dans une fenêtre temporelle étroite lorsque les conditions sont optimales pour la survie de la progéniture au printemps ou au début de l'été, et utilisent une photopériode changeante pour les conceptions temporelles afin d'anticiper ces conditions. Cependant, dans les basses latitudes tropicales, la variation de la durée du jour est minime et la variation des précipitations rend le cycle saisonnier moins prévisible. Néanmoins, plusieurs espèces d'ongulés conservent des pics de naissance étroits dans de telles conditions, tandis que d'autres montrent que les naissances se propagent assez largement tout au long de l'année. Nous avons étudié comment la variation des précipitations d'une année à l'autre et d'une année à l'autre a influencé le moment de la reproduction de quatre espèces d'ongulés montrant ces modèles contrastés dans la région de Masai Mara au Kenya. Les quatre espèces présentaient des pics de naissance au cours de la période optimale putative au début de la saison humide. Pour le hartebeest et l'impala, le pic de naissance est diffus et la progéniture naît tout au long de l'année. En revanche, le topi et le phacochère ont montré une concentration saisonnière étroite de naissances, avec des conceptions supprimées une fois que les précipitations mensuelles sont tombées en dessous d'un seuil. Les fortes précipitations de la saison précédente et les fortes pluies précoces de l'année en cours ont amélioré la survie au stade juvénile de toutes les espèces, à l'exception de l'impala. Nos résultats révèlent comment la variation des précipitations affectant la croissance des graminées et donc la nutrition des herbivores peut régir la phénologie reproductive des ongulés dans les latitudes tropicales où la variation de la longueur du jour est minime. Le mécanisme sous-jacent semble être la suppression des conceptions une fois que les gains nutritionnels deviennent insuffisants. En réagissant de manière proximale à la variation des précipitations au cours de l'année, les ongulés de la savane tropicale sont moins susceptibles d'être affectés négativement par les conséquences du réchauffement climatique sur la phénologie de la végétation que les ongulés du Nord montrant un contrôle photopériodique plus rigide sur le moment de la reproduction. En latitudes templadas altas, los ungulados generalmente dan a luz dentro de una ventana de tiempo estrecha cuando las condiciones son óptimas para la supervivencia de la descendencia en primavera o principios del verano, y utilizan conceptos cambiantes de fotoperíodo a tiempo para anticipar estas condiciones. Sin embargo, en latitudes tropicales bajas, la variación de la duración del día es mínima, y la variación de las precipitaciones hace que el ciclo estacional sea menos predecible. Sin embargo, varias especies de ungulados conservan picos de nacimiento estrechos en tales condiciones, mientras que otras muestran nacimientos muy extendidos a lo largo del año. Investigamos cómo la variación interanual de las precipitaciones influyó en el tiempo reproductivo de cuatro especies de ungulados que muestran estos patrones contrastantes en la región de Masai Mara en Kenia. Las cuatro especies exhibieron picos de nacimiento durante el periodo óptimo putativo en la estación húmeda temprana. Para hartebeest e impala, el pico de nacimiento era difuso y las crías nacían durante todo el año. Por el contrario, topi y jabalí mostraron una estrecha concentración estacional de nacimientos, con concepciones suprimidas una vez que las precipitaciones mensuales cayeron por debajo de un nivel umbral. Las altas precipitaciones en la temporada anterior y las altas lluvias tempranas en el año en curso mejoraron la supervivencia en la etapa juvenil para todas las especies, excepto los impalas. Nuestros hallazgos revelan cómo la variación de la precipitación que afecta el crecimiento de la hierba y, por lo tanto, la nutrición de los herbívoros, puede gobernar la fenología reproductiva de los ungulados en latitudes tropicales donde la variación de la duración del día es mínima. El mecanismo subyacente parece ser la supresión de las concepciones una vez que las ganancias nutricionales se vuelven insuficientes. Al responder proximalmente a la variación de las precipitaciones dentro del año, es menos probable que los ungulados de la sabana tropical se vean afectados negativamente por las consecuencias del calentamiento global para la fenología de la vegetación que los ungulados del norte que muestran un control fotoperiódico más rígido sobre el tiempo reproductivo. In high temperate latitudes, ungulates generally give birth within a narrow time window when conditions are optimal for offspring survival in spring or early summer, and use changing photoperiod to time conceptions so as to anticipate these conditions. However, in low tropical latitudes day length variation is minimal, and rainfall variation makes the seasonal cycle less predictable. Nevertheless, several ungulate species retain narrow birth peaks under such conditions, while others show births spread quite widely through the year. We investigated how within-year and between-year variation in rainfall influenced the reproductive timing of four ungulate species showing these contrasting patterns in the Masai Mara region of Kenya. All four species exhibited birth peaks during the putative optimal period in the early wet season. For hartebeest and impala, the birth peak was diffuse and offspring were born throughout the year. In contrast, topi and warthog showed a narrow seasonal concentration of births, with conceptions suppressed once monthly rainfall fell below a threshold level. High rainfall in the previous season and high early rains in the current year enhanced survival into the juvenile stage for all the species except impala. Our findings reveal how rainfall variation affecting grass growth and hence herbivore nutrition can govern the reproductive phenology of ungulates in tropical latitudes where day length variation is minimal. The underlying mechanism seems to be the suppression of conceptions once nutritional gains become insufficient. Through responding proximally to within-year variation in rainfall, tropical savanna ungulates are less likely to be affected adversely by the consequences of global warming for vegetation phenology than northern ungulates showing more rigid photoperiodic control over reproductive timing. في خطوط العرض المعتدلة العالية، تلد ذوات الحوافر عمومًا في غضون فترة زمنية ضيقة عندما تكون الظروف مثالية لبقاء النسل في الربيع أو أوائل الصيف، وتستخدم تغيير الفترة الضوئية إلى مفاهيم زمنية لتوقع هذه الظروف. ومع ذلك، في خطوط العرض الاستوائية المنخفضة، يكون تباين طول اليوم ضئيلًا، ويجعل تباين هطول الأمطار الدورة الموسمية أقل قابلية للتنبؤ. ومع ذلك، فإن العديد من الأنواع ذوات الحوافر تحتفظ بقمم ولادة ضيقة في ظل هذه الظروف، في حين أن البعض الآخر يظهر أن الولادات تنتشر على نطاق واسع خلال العام. لقد حققنا في كيفية تأثير التباين في هطول الأمطار خلال العام وبين الأعوام على التوقيت التكاثري لأربعة أنواع من ذوات الحوافر تظهر هذه الأنماط المتناقضة في منطقة ماساي مارا في كينيا. أظهرت جميع الأنواع الأربعة قمم ولادة خلال الفترة المثلى المفترضة في موسم الأمطار المبكر. بالنسبة لحيوان النحل والامبالا، كانت ذروة الولادة منتشرة وولدت ذرية على مدار العام. على النقيض من ذلك، أظهر التوبي والخنزير الحربي تركيزًا موسميًا ضيقًا للولادات، مع قمع المفاهيم بمجرد انخفاض هطول الأمطار الشهري إلى ما دون مستوى العتبة. عزز ارتفاع هطول الأمطار في الموسم السابق وارتفاع الأمطار المبكرة في العام الحالي البقاء على قيد الحياة في مرحلة الشباب لجميع الأنواع باستثناء الإمبالا. تكشف النتائج التي توصلنا إليها كيف أن تباين هطول الأمطار الذي يؤثر على نمو العشب وبالتالي تغذية الحيوانات العاشبة يمكن أن يحكم الفينولوجيا الإنجابية لذوات الحوافر في خطوط العرض الاستوائية حيث يكون تباين طول اليوم ضئيلًا. يبدو أن الآلية الأساسية هي قمع المفاهيم بمجرد أن تصبح المكاسب الغذائية غير كافية. من خلال الاستجابة القريبة من التباين في هطول الأمطار خلال العام، فإن ذوات الحوافر في السافانا الاستوائية أقل عرضة للتأثر سلبًا بعواقب الاحترار العالمي على فينولوجيا الغطاء النباتي من ذوات الحوافر الشمالية التي تظهر تحكمًا دوريًا ضوئيًا أكثر صرامة في توقيت التكاثر.
PLoS ONE arrow_drop_down CGIAR CGSpace (Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research)Article . 2016License: CC BYFull-Text: https://hdl.handle.net/10568/72679Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen gold 24 citations 24 popularity Top 10% influence Average impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!
more_vert PLoS ONE arrow_drop_down CGIAR CGSpace (Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research)Article . 2016License: CC BYFull-Text: https://hdl.handle.net/10568/72679Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1371/journal.pone.0133744&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Other literature type , Journal 2015 France, South Africa, FrancePublisher:Public Library of Science (PLoS) Funded by:NSF | Sources of Heterogeneity ..., NSF | CNH: Dynamic Interactions..., EC | AfricanBioServicesNSF| Sources of Heterogeneity in Grasslands: Responses of Wildlife to People on Savanna Landscape ,NSF| CNH: Dynamic Interactions Among People, Livestock, and Savanna Ecosystems Under Climate Change ,EC| AfricanBioServicesAuthors: Joseph O. Ogutu; Norman Owen‐Smith; Hans‐Peter Piepho; Holly T. Dublin;Dans les latitudes tempérées élevées, les ongulés donnent généralement naissance dans une fenêtre temporelle étroite lorsque les conditions sont optimales pour la survie de la progéniture au printemps ou au début de l'été, et utilisent une photopériode changeante pour les conceptions temporelles afin d'anticiper ces conditions. Cependant, dans les basses latitudes tropicales, la variation de la durée du jour est minime et la variation des précipitations rend le cycle saisonnier moins prévisible. Néanmoins, plusieurs espèces d'ongulés conservent des pics de naissance étroits dans de telles conditions, tandis que d'autres montrent que les naissances se propagent assez largement tout au long de l'année. Nous avons étudié comment la variation des précipitations d'une année à l'autre et d'une année à l'autre a influencé le moment de la reproduction de quatre espèces d'ongulés montrant ces modèles contrastés dans la région de Masai Mara au Kenya. Les quatre espèces présentaient des pics de naissance au cours de la période optimale putative au début de la saison humide. Pour le hartebeest et l'impala, le pic de naissance est diffus et la progéniture naît tout au long de l'année. En revanche, le topi et le phacochère ont montré une concentration saisonnière étroite de naissances, avec des conceptions supprimées une fois que les précipitations mensuelles sont tombées en dessous d'un seuil. Les fortes précipitations de la saison précédente et les fortes pluies précoces de l'année en cours ont amélioré la survie au stade juvénile de toutes les espèces, à l'exception de l'impala. Nos résultats révèlent comment la variation des précipitations affectant la croissance des graminées et donc la nutrition des herbivores peut régir la phénologie reproductive des ongulés dans les latitudes tropicales où la variation de la longueur du jour est minime. Le mécanisme sous-jacent semble être la suppression des conceptions une fois que les gains nutritionnels deviennent insuffisants. En réagissant de manière proximale à la variation des précipitations au cours de l'année, les ongulés de la savane tropicale sont moins susceptibles d'être affectés négativement par les conséquences du réchauffement climatique sur la phénologie de la végétation que les ongulés du Nord montrant un contrôle photopériodique plus rigide sur le moment de la reproduction. En latitudes templadas altas, los ungulados generalmente dan a luz dentro de una ventana de tiempo estrecha cuando las condiciones son óptimas para la supervivencia de la descendencia en primavera o principios del verano, y utilizan conceptos cambiantes de fotoperíodo a tiempo para anticipar estas condiciones. Sin embargo, en latitudes tropicales bajas, la variación de la duración del día es mínima, y la variación de las precipitaciones hace que el ciclo estacional sea menos predecible. Sin embargo, varias especies de ungulados conservan picos de nacimiento estrechos en tales condiciones, mientras que otras muestran nacimientos muy extendidos a lo largo del año. Investigamos cómo la variación interanual de las precipitaciones influyó en el tiempo reproductivo de cuatro especies de ungulados que muestran estos patrones contrastantes en la región de Masai Mara en Kenia. Las cuatro especies exhibieron picos de nacimiento durante el periodo óptimo putativo en la estación húmeda temprana. Para hartebeest e impala, el pico de nacimiento era difuso y las crías nacían durante todo el año. Por el contrario, topi y jabalí mostraron una estrecha concentración estacional de nacimientos, con concepciones suprimidas una vez que las precipitaciones mensuales cayeron por debajo de un nivel umbral. Las altas precipitaciones en la temporada anterior y las altas lluvias tempranas en el año en curso mejoraron la supervivencia en la etapa juvenil para todas las especies, excepto los impalas. Nuestros hallazgos revelan cómo la variación de la precipitación que afecta el crecimiento de la hierba y, por lo tanto, la nutrición de los herbívoros, puede gobernar la fenología reproductiva de los ungulados en latitudes tropicales donde la variación de la duración del día es mínima. El mecanismo subyacente parece ser la supresión de las concepciones una vez que las ganancias nutricionales se vuelven insuficientes. Al responder proximalmente a la variación de las precipitaciones dentro del año, es menos probable que los ungulados de la sabana tropical se vean afectados negativamente por las consecuencias del calentamiento global para la fenología de la vegetación que los ungulados del norte que muestran un control fotoperiódico más rígido sobre el tiempo reproductivo. In high temperate latitudes, ungulates generally give birth within a narrow time window when conditions are optimal for offspring survival in spring or early summer, and use changing photoperiod to time conceptions so as to anticipate these conditions. However, in low tropical latitudes day length variation is minimal, and rainfall variation makes the seasonal cycle less predictable. Nevertheless, several ungulate species retain narrow birth peaks under such conditions, while others show births spread quite widely through the year. We investigated how within-year and between-year variation in rainfall influenced the reproductive timing of four ungulate species showing these contrasting patterns in the Masai Mara region of Kenya. All four species exhibited birth peaks during the putative optimal period in the early wet season. For hartebeest and impala, the birth peak was diffuse and offspring were born throughout the year. In contrast, topi and warthog showed a narrow seasonal concentration of births, with conceptions suppressed once monthly rainfall fell below a threshold level. High rainfall in the previous season and high early rains in the current year enhanced survival into the juvenile stage for all the species except impala. Our findings reveal how rainfall variation affecting grass growth and hence herbivore nutrition can govern the reproductive phenology of ungulates in tropical latitudes where day length variation is minimal. The underlying mechanism seems to be the suppression of conceptions once nutritional gains become insufficient. Through responding proximally to within-year variation in rainfall, tropical savanna ungulates are less likely to be affected adversely by the consequences of global warming for vegetation phenology than northern ungulates showing more rigid photoperiodic control over reproductive timing. في خطوط العرض المعتدلة العالية، تلد ذوات الحوافر عمومًا في غضون فترة زمنية ضيقة عندما تكون الظروف مثالية لبقاء النسل في الربيع أو أوائل الصيف، وتستخدم تغيير الفترة الضوئية إلى مفاهيم زمنية لتوقع هذه الظروف. ومع ذلك، في خطوط العرض الاستوائية المنخفضة، يكون تباين طول اليوم ضئيلًا، ويجعل تباين هطول الأمطار الدورة الموسمية أقل قابلية للتنبؤ. ومع ذلك، فإن العديد من الأنواع ذوات الحوافر تحتفظ بقمم ولادة ضيقة في ظل هذه الظروف، في حين أن البعض الآخر يظهر أن الولادات تنتشر على نطاق واسع خلال العام. لقد حققنا في كيفية تأثير التباين في هطول الأمطار خلال العام وبين الأعوام على التوقيت التكاثري لأربعة أنواع من ذوات الحوافر تظهر هذه الأنماط المتناقضة في منطقة ماساي مارا في كينيا. أظهرت جميع الأنواع الأربعة قمم ولادة خلال الفترة المثلى المفترضة في موسم الأمطار المبكر. بالنسبة لحيوان النحل والامبالا، كانت ذروة الولادة منتشرة وولدت ذرية على مدار العام. على النقيض من ذلك، أظهر التوبي والخنزير الحربي تركيزًا موسميًا ضيقًا للولادات، مع قمع المفاهيم بمجرد انخفاض هطول الأمطار الشهري إلى ما دون مستوى العتبة. عزز ارتفاع هطول الأمطار في الموسم السابق وارتفاع الأمطار المبكرة في العام الحالي البقاء على قيد الحياة في مرحلة الشباب لجميع الأنواع باستثناء الإمبالا. تكشف النتائج التي توصلنا إليها كيف أن تباين هطول الأمطار الذي يؤثر على نمو العشب وبالتالي تغذية الحيوانات العاشبة يمكن أن يحكم الفينولوجيا الإنجابية لذوات الحوافر في خطوط العرض الاستوائية حيث يكون تباين طول اليوم ضئيلًا. يبدو أن الآلية الأساسية هي قمع المفاهيم بمجرد أن تصبح المكاسب الغذائية غير كافية. من خلال الاستجابة القريبة من التباين في هطول الأمطار خلال العام، فإن ذوات الحوافر في السافانا الاستوائية أقل عرضة للتأثر سلبًا بعواقب الاحترار العالمي على فينولوجيا الغطاء النباتي من ذوات الحوافر الشمالية التي تظهر تحكمًا دوريًا ضوئيًا أكثر صرامة في توقيت التكاثر.
PLoS ONE arrow_drop_down CGIAR CGSpace (Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research)Article . 2016License: CC BYFull-Text: https://hdl.handle.net/10568/72679Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1371/journal.pone.0133744&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen gold 24 citations 24 popularity Top 10% influence Average impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!
more_vert PLoS ONE arrow_drop_down CGIAR CGSpace (Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research)Article . 2016License: CC BYFull-Text: https://hdl.handle.net/10568/72679Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1371/journal.pone.0133744&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Other literature type , Journal 2017 United StatesPublisher:Public Library of Science (PLoS) Hui Tian; Hui Wang; Xiaoli Hui; Zhaohui Wang; Rhae A. Drijber; Jinshan Liu;Agricultural management methods, such as cultivation or fallowing, have led to significant changes in soil fertility and hence, crop yield. Such changes may have stemmed from changes in soil microbial communities and associated biogeochemical processes. This phenomenon is particularly true in organic-poor soil in the Loess Plateau of China. In this study, we examined three existing soil management regimes as part of a 10-year field experiment and evaluated their effects on fungal and bacterial community structures by performing high-throughput 454 pyrosequencing. These management regimes were (i) fertilized winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) (FW), (ii) continuous natural fallow with weeds but without crop grown (NF), and (iii) continuous bare fallow without weeds or crop grown (BF). After 10 years, soil organic carbon (SOC), microbial biomass carbon (MBC), and available potassium (K) concentrations were highest in NF. Soil N behaved differently, with BF obtaining the highest nitrate nitrogen (N). Meanwhile, slight differences in total N (TN) were observed among FW, NF, and BF. Available phosphorus (P) was highest and available K was lowest in FW. Microbial communities were dominated by Ascomycota (59.1% of fungal sequences), and Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, and Proteobacteria (75.7% of bacterial sequences) in FW, NF and BF at the phylum level. Soil management regimes did not affect the fungal and bacterial richness and diversity but significantly modified their community compositions. Compared with FW, the abundances of Ascomycota (fungi phylum) and Alternaria, Gibberella, and Emericella (fungi genus) were increased by NF, whereas the values of Chaetomium, Humicola, and Cryptococcus (fungi genus) were decreased by BF. The abundances of Verrucomicrobia (bacteria phylum), and Steroidobacter (bacteria genus) were increased by NF, and Bacteroides (bacteria genus) was increased by BF. Canonical correspondence analysis showed that SOC, available P, and TN might be the key factors in community formation. Therefore, the decadal absence of plants (BF) affected soil fertility by increased available K and nitrate N, whileas natural fallow (NF) affected soil fertility by increased SOC, available K, and MBC, and they all changed fungal and bacterial community compositions.
add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1371/journal.pone.0184223&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen gold 16 citations 16 popularity Top 10% influence Average impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!
more_vert add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1371/journal.pone.0184223&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Other literature type , Journal 2017 United StatesPublisher:Public Library of Science (PLoS) Hui Tian; Hui Wang; Xiaoli Hui; Zhaohui Wang; Rhae A. Drijber; Jinshan Liu;Agricultural management methods, such as cultivation or fallowing, have led to significant changes in soil fertility and hence, crop yield. Such changes may have stemmed from changes in soil microbial communities and associated biogeochemical processes. This phenomenon is particularly true in organic-poor soil in the Loess Plateau of China. In this study, we examined three existing soil management regimes as part of a 10-year field experiment and evaluated their effects on fungal and bacterial community structures by performing high-throughput 454 pyrosequencing. These management regimes were (i) fertilized winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) (FW), (ii) continuous natural fallow with weeds but without crop grown (NF), and (iii) continuous bare fallow without weeds or crop grown (BF). After 10 years, soil organic carbon (SOC), microbial biomass carbon (MBC), and available potassium (K) concentrations were highest in NF. Soil N behaved differently, with BF obtaining the highest nitrate nitrogen (N). Meanwhile, slight differences in total N (TN) were observed among FW, NF, and BF. Available phosphorus (P) was highest and available K was lowest in FW. Microbial communities were dominated by Ascomycota (59.1% of fungal sequences), and Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, and Proteobacteria (75.7% of bacterial sequences) in FW, NF and BF at the phylum level. Soil management regimes did not affect the fungal and bacterial richness and diversity but significantly modified their community compositions. Compared with FW, the abundances of Ascomycota (fungi phylum) and Alternaria, Gibberella, and Emericella (fungi genus) were increased by NF, whereas the values of Chaetomium, Humicola, and Cryptococcus (fungi genus) were decreased by BF. The abundances of Verrucomicrobia (bacteria phylum), and Steroidobacter (bacteria genus) were increased by NF, and Bacteroides (bacteria genus) was increased by BF. Canonical correspondence analysis showed that SOC, available P, and TN might be the key factors in community formation. Therefore, the decadal absence of plants (BF) affected soil fertility by increased available K and nitrate N, whileas natural fallow (NF) affected soil fertility by increased SOC, available K, and MBC, and they all changed fungal and bacterial community compositions.
add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1371/journal.pone.0184223&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen gold 16 citations 16 popularity Top 10% influence Average impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!
more_vert add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1371/journal.pone.0184223&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Other literature type 2022Publisher:Public Library of Science (PLoS) Nguyễn Văn Thành; Koki Maeda; Yukiko Nishimura; Trinh Thi Hong Nguyen; Kinh Van La; Nguyen Duc Dien; Tomoyuki Suzuki;pmid: 35294462
pmc: PMC8926181
Livestock manure and its management are significant sources of greenhouse gas (GHG). In most Southeast Asian countries, the current GHG emissions are estimated by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Tier 1 approach using default emission factors. Sun-drying is the dominant manure treatment in Vietnam, and in this study, we measured GHG emissions during manure drying using a chamber-based approach. Results show the emission factors for CH4and N2O were 0.295 ± 0.078 g kg−1volatile solids (VS) and 0.132 ± 0.136 g N2O-N kg−1Ninitial, respectively. We monitored the total bacterial/archaeal community using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and measured the abundance of functional genes required for methanogenesis (mcrA), nitrification (amoA) and denitrification (nirK,nirSandnosZ) processes. Methane emission occurred only at the beginning of the drying process (days 1 to 3). The results of amplicon sequencing indicated that the relative abundance of methanogens also decreased during this period. Although some nitrification activity was detected, there was no significant N2O emission. These findings well describe the manure management system in south Vietnam and the GHG emission from this manure category, paving the way for higher Tier estimations using country-specific values.
add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1371/journal.pone.0264228&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen gold 2 citations 2 popularity Top 10% influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!
more_vert add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1371/journal.pone.0264228&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Other literature type 2022Publisher:Public Library of Science (PLoS) Nguyễn Văn Thành; Koki Maeda; Yukiko Nishimura; Trinh Thi Hong Nguyen; Kinh Van La; Nguyen Duc Dien; Tomoyuki Suzuki;pmid: 35294462
pmc: PMC8926181
Livestock manure and its management are significant sources of greenhouse gas (GHG). In most Southeast Asian countries, the current GHG emissions are estimated by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Tier 1 approach using default emission factors. Sun-drying is the dominant manure treatment in Vietnam, and in this study, we measured GHG emissions during manure drying using a chamber-based approach. Results show the emission factors for CH4and N2O were 0.295 ± 0.078 g kg−1volatile solids (VS) and 0.132 ± 0.136 g N2O-N kg−1Ninitial, respectively. We monitored the total bacterial/archaeal community using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and measured the abundance of functional genes required for methanogenesis (mcrA), nitrification (amoA) and denitrification (nirK,nirSandnosZ) processes. Methane emission occurred only at the beginning of the drying process (days 1 to 3). The results of amplicon sequencing indicated that the relative abundance of methanogens also decreased during this period. Although some nitrification activity was detected, there was no significant N2O emission. These findings well describe the manure management system in south Vietnam and the GHG emission from this manure category, paving the way for higher Tier estimations using country-specific values.
add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1371/journal.pone.0264228&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen gold 2 citations 2 popularity Top 10% influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!
more_vert add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1371/journal.pone.0264228&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Other literature type , Journal 2017 FrancePublisher:Public Library of Science (PLoS) Glato Kodjo; Atsou Aïdam; Ndjido Ardo Kane; Diallo Bassirou; Marie Couderc; Leïla Zekraoui; Nora Scarcelli; Adéline Barnaud; Yves Vigouroux;pmid: 28552989
pmc: PMC5446114
L'agriculture subsaharienne a été identifiée comme vulnérable au changement climatique en cours. L'adaptation de l'agriculture a été suggérée comme un moyen de maintenir la productivité. Une meilleure connaissance de la diversité intra-spécifique des variétés est une condition préalable à la bonne gestion de cette adaptation. Parmi les cultures, les racines et les tubercules jouent un rôle important dans la sécurité alimentaire et la croissance économique des populations les plus vulnérables d'Afrique. Ici, nous nous concentrons sur la patate douce. La patate douce (Ipomoea batatas) a été domestiquée en Amérique centrale et en Amérique du Sud et a ensuite été introduite en Afrique et est maintenant cultivée dans toute l'Afrique tropicale. Nous avons évalué sa diversité en Afrique de l'Ouest en échantillonnant une région s'étendant de la zone côtière du Togo à la région septentrionale sahélienne du Sénégal qui représente une gamme de conditions climatiques. À l'aide de 12 marqueurs microsatellites, nous avons évalué 132 variétés le long de ce gradient. Des données phénotypiques issues d'essais sur le terrain menés en trois saisons ont également été obtenues. La diversité génétique en Afrique de l'Ouest s'est avérée inférieure de 18 % à celle des États-Unis. La diversité génétique en Afrique de l'Ouest est structurée en cinq groupes, certains groupes se trouvant dans des zones climatiques très spécifiques, par exemple sous un climat tropical humide ou sous un climat sahélien. Nous avons également observé des groupes génétiques qui se produisent dans un plus large éventail de climats. Les groupes génétiques ont également été associés à la différenciation morphologique, principalement la forme des feuilles et la couleur de la tige ou de la racine. Cette structure particulière de la diversité le long d'un gradient climatique avec association à la variabilité phénotypique peut être utilisée pour des stratégies de conservation. S'il s'avère qu'une telle structure est associée à une adaptation climatique spécifique, elle permettra également de développer des stratégies pour adapter l'agriculture aux variations climatiques en cours en Afrique de l'Ouest. La agricultura subsahariana ha sido identificada como vulnerable al cambio climático en curso. Se ha sugerido la adaptación de la agricultura como una forma de mantener la productividad. Un mejor conocimiento de la diversidad intraespecífica de variedades es un requisito previo para el manejo exitoso de dicha adaptación. Entre los cultivos, la raíz y los tubérculos desempeñan un papel importante en la seguridad alimentaria y el crecimiento económico de las poblaciones más vulnerables de África. Aquí, nos centramos en la batata. La batata (Ipomoea batatas) se domesticó en América Central y del Sur y más tarde se introdujo en África y ahora se cultiva en toda el África tropical. Evaluamos su diversidad en África Occidental mediante el muestreo de una región que se extiende desde la zona costera de Togo hasta la región septentrional del Sahel en Senegal y que representa una variedad de condiciones climáticas. Utilizando 12 marcadores de microsatélites, evaluamos 132 variedades a lo largo de este gradiente. También se obtuvieron datos fenotípicos de ensayos de campo realizados en tres temporadas. Se encontró que la diversidad genética en África Occidental era un 18% menor que en América. La diversidad genética en África Occidental se estructura en cinco grupos, y algunos grupos se encuentran en áreas climáticas muy específicas, por ejemplo, en un clima tropical húmedo o en un clima saheliano. También observamos grupos genéticos que se producen en una gama más amplia de climas. Los grupos genéticos también se asociaron con la diferenciación morfológica, principalmente la forma de las hojas y el color del tallo o raíz. Esta estructura particular de diversidad a lo largo de un gradiente climático con asociación a la variabilidad fenotípica se puede utilizar para estrategias de conservación. Si se demuestra que dicha estructura está asociada con una adaptación climática específica, también permitirá desarrollar estrategias para adaptar la agricultura a la variación climática en curso en África Occidental. Sub-Saharan agriculture has been identified as vulnerable to ongoing climate change. Adaptation of agriculture has been suggested as a way to maintain productivity. Better knowledge of intra-specific diversity of varieties is prerequisites for the successful management of such adaptation. Among crops, root and tubers play important roles in food security and economic growth for the most vulnerable populations in Africa. Here, we focus on the sweet potato. The Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) was domesticated in Central and South America and was later introduced into Africa and is now cultivated throughout tropical Africa. We evaluated its diversity in West Africa by sampling a region extending from the coastal area of Togo to the northern Sahelian region of Senegal that represents a range of climatic conditions. Using 12 microsatellite markers, we evaluated 132 varieties along this gradient. Phenotypic data from field trials conducted in three seasons was also obtained. Genetic diversity in West Africa was found to be 18% lower than in America. Genetic diversity in West Africa is structured into five groups, with some groups found in very specific climatic areas, e.g. under a tropical humid climate, or under a Sahelian climate. We also observed genetic groups that occur in a wider range of climates. The genetic groups were also associated with morphological differentiation, mainly the shape of the leaves and the color of the stem or root. This particular structure of diversity along a climatic gradient with association to phenotypic variability can be used for conservation strategies. If such structure is proved to be associated with specific climatic adaptation, it will also allow developing strategies to adapt agriculture to ongoing climate variation in West Africa. تم تحديد الزراعة في جنوب الصحراء على أنها عرضة لتغير المناخ المستمر. تم اقتراح تكييف الزراعة كوسيلة للحفاظ على الإنتاجية. إن المعرفة الأفضل بتنوع الأصناف داخل الأنواع هو شرط أساسي للإدارة الناجحة لهذا التكيف. من بين المحاصيل، تلعب الجذور والدرنات أدوارًا مهمة في الأمن الغذائي والنمو الاقتصادي للفئات السكانية الأكثر ضعفًا في أفريقيا. هنا، نركز على البطاطا الحلوة. تم تدجين البطاطا الحلوة (إيبومويا باتاتاس) في أمريكا الوسطى والجنوبية وتم إدخالها لاحقًا إلى إفريقيا ويتم زراعتها الآن في جميع أنحاء إفريقيا الاستوائية. قمنا بتقييم تنوعها في غرب إفريقيا من خلال أخذ عينات من منطقة تمتد من المنطقة الساحلية لتوغو إلى منطقة الساحل الشمالي للسنغال التي تمثل مجموعة من الظروف المناخية. باستخدام 12 علامة للأقمار الصناعية الصغيرة، قمنا بتقييم 132 نوعًا على طول هذا التدرج. كما تم الحصول على بيانات النمط الظاهري من التجارب الميدانية التي أجريت في ثلاثة مواسم. وجد أن التنوع الوراثي في غرب إفريقيا أقل بنسبة 18 ٪ منه في أمريكا. ينقسم التنوع الوراثي في غرب أفريقيا إلى خمس مجموعات، حيث توجد بعض المجموعات في مناطق مناخية محددة للغاية، على سبيل المثال في ظل مناخ استوائي رطب، أو في ظل مناخ الساحل. لاحظنا أيضًا المجموعات الوراثية التي تحدث في مجموعة واسعة من المناخات. ارتبطت المجموعات الوراثية أيضًا بالتمايز المورفولوجي، بشكل أساسي شكل الأوراق ولون الجذع أو الجذر. يمكن استخدام هذا الهيكل الخاص للتنوع على طول التدرج المناخي مع الارتباط بالتغير الظاهري لاستراتيجيات الحفظ. إذا ثبت أن هذا الهيكل مرتبط بتكيف مناخي محدد، فسيسمح أيضًا بتطوير استراتيجيات لتكييف الزراعة مع التقلبات المناخية المستمرة في غرب إفريقيا.
CIRAD: HAL (Agricult... arrow_drop_down CIRAD: HAL (Agricultural Research for Development)Article . 2017Full-Text: https://hal.umontpellier.fr/hal-03344108Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1371/journal.pone.0177697&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen gold 29 citations 29 popularity Top 10% influence Top 10% impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!
more_vert CIRAD: HAL (Agricult... arrow_drop_down CIRAD: HAL (Agricultural Research for Development)Article . 2017Full-Text: https://hal.umontpellier.fr/hal-03344108Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1371/journal.pone.0177697&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Other literature type , Journal 2017 FrancePublisher:Public Library of Science (PLoS) Glato Kodjo; Atsou Aïdam; Ndjido Ardo Kane; Diallo Bassirou; Marie Couderc; Leïla Zekraoui; Nora Scarcelli; Adéline Barnaud; Yves Vigouroux;pmid: 28552989
pmc: PMC5446114
L'agriculture subsaharienne a été identifiée comme vulnérable au changement climatique en cours. L'adaptation de l'agriculture a été suggérée comme un moyen de maintenir la productivité. Une meilleure connaissance de la diversité intra-spécifique des variétés est une condition préalable à la bonne gestion de cette adaptation. Parmi les cultures, les racines et les tubercules jouent un rôle important dans la sécurité alimentaire et la croissance économique des populations les plus vulnérables d'Afrique. Ici, nous nous concentrons sur la patate douce. La patate douce (Ipomoea batatas) a été domestiquée en Amérique centrale et en Amérique du Sud et a ensuite été introduite en Afrique et est maintenant cultivée dans toute l'Afrique tropicale. Nous avons évalué sa diversité en Afrique de l'Ouest en échantillonnant une région s'étendant de la zone côtière du Togo à la région septentrionale sahélienne du Sénégal qui représente une gamme de conditions climatiques. À l'aide de 12 marqueurs microsatellites, nous avons évalué 132 variétés le long de ce gradient. Des données phénotypiques issues d'essais sur le terrain menés en trois saisons ont également été obtenues. La diversité génétique en Afrique de l'Ouest s'est avérée inférieure de 18 % à celle des États-Unis. La diversité génétique en Afrique de l'Ouest est structurée en cinq groupes, certains groupes se trouvant dans des zones climatiques très spécifiques, par exemple sous un climat tropical humide ou sous un climat sahélien. Nous avons également observé des groupes génétiques qui se produisent dans un plus large éventail de climats. Les groupes génétiques ont également été associés à la différenciation morphologique, principalement la forme des feuilles et la couleur de la tige ou de la racine. Cette structure particulière de la diversité le long d'un gradient climatique avec association à la variabilité phénotypique peut être utilisée pour des stratégies de conservation. S'il s'avère qu'une telle structure est associée à une adaptation climatique spécifique, elle permettra également de développer des stratégies pour adapter l'agriculture aux variations climatiques en cours en Afrique de l'Ouest. La agricultura subsahariana ha sido identificada como vulnerable al cambio climático en curso. Se ha sugerido la adaptación de la agricultura como una forma de mantener la productividad. Un mejor conocimiento de la diversidad intraespecífica de variedades es un requisito previo para el manejo exitoso de dicha adaptación. Entre los cultivos, la raíz y los tubérculos desempeñan un papel importante en la seguridad alimentaria y el crecimiento económico de las poblaciones más vulnerables de África. Aquí, nos centramos en la batata. La batata (Ipomoea batatas) se domesticó en América Central y del Sur y más tarde se introdujo en África y ahora se cultiva en toda el África tropical. Evaluamos su diversidad en África Occidental mediante el muestreo de una región que se extiende desde la zona costera de Togo hasta la región septentrional del Sahel en Senegal y que representa una variedad de condiciones climáticas. Utilizando 12 marcadores de microsatélites, evaluamos 132 variedades a lo largo de este gradiente. También se obtuvieron datos fenotípicos de ensayos de campo realizados en tres temporadas. Se encontró que la diversidad genética en África Occidental era un 18% menor que en América. La diversidad genética en África Occidental se estructura en cinco grupos, y algunos grupos se encuentran en áreas climáticas muy específicas, por ejemplo, en un clima tropical húmedo o en un clima saheliano. También observamos grupos genéticos que se producen en una gama más amplia de climas. Los grupos genéticos también se asociaron con la diferenciación morfológica, principalmente la forma de las hojas y el color del tallo o raíz. Esta estructura particular de diversidad a lo largo de un gradiente climático con asociación a la variabilidad fenotípica se puede utilizar para estrategias de conservación. Si se demuestra que dicha estructura está asociada con una adaptación climática específica, también permitirá desarrollar estrategias para adaptar la agricultura a la variación climática en curso en África Occidental. Sub-Saharan agriculture has been identified as vulnerable to ongoing climate change. Adaptation of agriculture has been suggested as a way to maintain productivity. Better knowledge of intra-specific diversity of varieties is prerequisites for the successful management of such adaptation. Among crops, root and tubers play important roles in food security and economic growth for the most vulnerable populations in Africa. Here, we focus on the sweet potato. The Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) was domesticated in Central and South America and was later introduced into Africa and is now cultivated throughout tropical Africa. We evaluated its diversity in West Africa by sampling a region extending from the coastal area of Togo to the northern Sahelian region of Senegal that represents a range of climatic conditions. Using 12 microsatellite markers, we evaluated 132 varieties along this gradient. Phenotypic data from field trials conducted in three seasons was also obtained. Genetic diversity in West Africa was found to be 18% lower than in America. Genetic diversity in West Africa is structured into five groups, with some groups found in very specific climatic areas, e.g. under a tropical humid climate, or under a Sahelian climate. We also observed genetic groups that occur in a wider range of climates. The genetic groups were also associated with morphological differentiation, mainly the shape of the leaves and the color of the stem or root. This particular structure of diversity along a climatic gradient with association to phenotypic variability can be used for conservation strategies. If such structure is proved to be associated with specific climatic adaptation, it will also allow developing strategies to adapt agriculture to ongoing climate variation in West Africa. تم تحديد الزراعة في جنوب الصحراء على أنها عرضة لتغير المناخ المستمر. تم اقتراح تكييف الزراعة كوسيلة للحفاظ على الإنتاجية. إن المعرفة الأفضل بتنوع الأصناف داخل الأنواع هو شرط أساسي للإدارة الناجحة لهذا التكيف. من بين المحاصيل، تلعب الجذور والدرنات أدوارًا مهمة في الأمن الغذائي والنمو الاقتصادي للفئات السكانية الأكثر ضعفًا في أفريقيا. هنا، نركز على البطاطا الحلوة. تم تدجين البطاطا الحلوة (إيبومويا باتاتاس) في أمريكا الوسطى والجنوبية وتم إدخالها لاحقًا إلى إفريقيا ويتم زراعتها الآن في جميع أنحاء إفريقيا الاستوائية. قمنا بتقييم تنوعها في غرب إفريقيا من خلال أخذ عينات من منطقة تمتد من المنطقة الساحلية لتوغو إلى منطقة الساحل الشمالي للسنغال التي تمثل مجموعة من الظروف المناخية. باستخدام 12 علامة للأقمار الصناعية الصغيرة، قمنا بتقييم 132 نوعًا على طول هذا التدرج. كما تم الحصول على بيانات النمط الظاهري من التجارب الميدانية التي أجريت في ثلاثة مواسم. وجد أن التنوع الوراثي في غرب إفريقيا أقل بنسبة 18 ٪ منه في أمريكا. ينقسم التنوع الوراثي في غرب أفريقيا إلى خمس مجموعات، حيث توجد بعض المجموعات في مناطق مناخية محددة للغاية، على سبيل المثال في ظل مناخ استوائي رطب، أو في ظل مناخ الساحل. لاحظنا أيضًا المجموعات الوراثية التي تحدث في مجموعة واسعة من المناخات. ارتبطت المجموعات الوراثية أيضًا بالتمايز المورفولوجي، بشكل أساسي شكل الأوراق ولون الجذع أو الجذر. يمكن استخدام هذا الهيكل الخاص للتنوع على طول التدرج المناخي مع الارتباط بالتغير الظاهري لاستراتيجيات الحفظ. إذا ثبت أن هذا الهيكل مرتبط بتكيف مناخي محدد، فسيسمح أيضًا بتطوير استراتيجيات لتكييف الزراعة مع التقلبات المناخية المستمرة في غرب إفريقيا.
CIRAD: HAL (Agricult... arrow_drop_down CIRAD: HAL (Agricultural Research for Development)Article . 2017Full-Text: https://hal.umontpellier.fr/hal-03344108Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1371/journal.pone.0177697&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen gold 29 citations 29 popularity Top 10% influence Top 10% impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!
more_vert CIRAD: HAL (Agricult... arrow_drop_down CIRAD: HAL (Agricultural Research for Development)Article . 2017Full-Text: https://hal.umontpellier.fr/hal-03344108Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1371/journal.pone.0177697&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Conference object , Other literature type , Journal 2015Publisher:Public Library of Science (PLoS) Authors: Zoran Nikoloski; Max Sajitz-Hermstein; Anne Arnold;Plants as sessile organisms cannot escape their environment and have to adapt to any changes in the availability of sunlight and nutrients. The quantification of synthesis costs of metabolites, in terms of consumed energy, is a prerequisite to understand trade-offs arising from energetic limitations. Here, we examine the energy consumption of amino acid synthesis in Arabidopsis thaliana. To quantify these costs in terms of the energy equivalent ATP, we introduce an improved cost measure based on flux balance analysis and apply it to three state-of-the-art metabolic reconstructions to ensure robust results. We present the first systematic in silico analysis of the effect of nitrogen supply (nitrate/ammonium) on individual amino acid synthesis costs as well as of the effect of photoautotrophic and heterotrophic growth conditions, integrating day/night-specific regulation. Our results identify nitrogen supply as a key determinant of amino acid costs, in agreement with experimental evidence. In addition, the association of the determined costs with experimentally observed growth patterns suggests that metabolite synthesis costs are involved in shaping regulation of plant growth. Finally, we find that simultaneous uptake of both nitrogen sources can lead to efficient utilization of energy source, which may be the result of evolutionary optimization.
add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1371/journal.pone.0116536&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen gold 27 citations 27 popularity Top 10% influence Top 10% impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!
more_vert add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1371/journal.pone.0116536&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Conference object , Other literature type , Journal 2015Publisher:Public Library of Science (PLoS) Authors: Zoran Nikoloski; Max Sajitz-Hermstein; Anne Arnold;Plants as sessile organisms cannot escape their environment and have to adapt to any changes in the availability of sunlight and nutrients. The quantification of synthesis costs of metabolites, in terms of consumed energy, is a prerequisite to understand trade-offs arising from energetic limitations. Here, we examine the energy consumption of amino acid synthesis in Arabidopsis thaliana. To quantify these costs in terms of the energy equivalent ATP, we introduce an improved cost measure based on flux balance analysis and apply it to three state-of-the-art metabolic reconstructions to ensure robust results. We present the first systematic in silico analysis of the effect of nitrogen supply (nitrate/ammonium) on individual amino acid synthesis costs as well as of the effect of photoautotrophic and heterotrophic growth conditions, integrating day/night-specific regulation. Our results identify nitrogen supply as a key determinant of amino acid costs, in agreement with experimental evidence. In addition, the association of the determined costs with experimentally observed growth patterns suggests that metabolite synthesis costs are involved in shaping regulation of plant growth. Finally, we find that simultaneous uptake of both nitrogen sources can lead to efficient utilization of energy source, which may be the result of evolutionary optimization.
add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1371/journal.pone.0116536&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen gold 27 citations 27 popularity Top 10% influence Top 10% impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!
more_vert add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1371/journal.pone.0116536&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Other literature type , Journal 2014Publisher:Public Library of Science (PLoS) Jianbin Yan; Peipei Li; Ran Du; Quanzhou Feng; Sandra P. Chang; Lei Zhang; Shizhong Li;The rising demand for bioethanol, the most common alternative to petroleum-derived fuel used worldwide, has encouraged a feedstock shift to non-food crops to reduce the competition for resources between food and energy production. Sweet sorghum has become one of the most promising non-food energy crops because of its high output and strong adaptive ability. However, the means by which sweet sorghum stalks can be cost-effectively utilized for ethanol fermentation in large-scale industrial production and commercialization remains unclear. In this study, we identified a novel Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain, TSH1, from the soil in which sweet sorghum stalks were stored. This strain exhibited excellent ethanol fermentative capacity and ability to withstand stressful solid-state fermentation conditions. Furthermore, we gradually scaled up from a 500-mL flask to a 127-m3 rotary-drum fermenter and eventually constructed a 550-m3 rotary-drum fermentation system to establish an efficient industrial fermentation platform based on TSH1. The batch fermentations were completed in less than 20 hours, with up to 96 tons of crushed sweet sorghum stalks in the 550-m3 fermenter reaching 88% of relative theoretical ethanol yield (RTEY). These results collectively demonstrate that ethanol solid-state fermentation technology can be a highly efficient and low-cost solution for utilizing sweet sorghum, providing a feasible and economical means of developing non-food bioethanol.
add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1371/journal.pone.0094480&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen gold 25 citations 25 popularity Top 10% influence Top 10% impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!
more_vert add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1371/journal.pone.0094480&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Other literature type , Journal 2014Publisher:Public Library of Science (PLoS) Jianbin Yan; Peipei Li; Ran Du; Quanzhou Feng; Sandra P. Chang; Lei Zhang; Shizhong Li;The rising demand for bioethanol, the most common alternative to petroleum-derived fuel used worldwide, has encouraged a feedstock shift to non-food crops to reduce the competition for resources between food and energy production. Sweet sorghum has become one of the most promising non-food energy crops because of its high output and strong adaptive ability. However, the means by which sweet sorghum stalks can be cost-effectively utilized for ethanol fermentation in large-scale industrial production and commercialization remains unclear. In this study, we identified a novel Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain, TSH1, from the soil in which sweet sorghum stalks were stored. This strain exhibited excellent ethanol fermentative capacity and ability to withstand stressful solid-state fermentation conditions. Furthermore, we gradually scaled up from a 500-mL flask to a 127-m3 rotary-drum fermenter and eventually constructed a 550-m3 rotary-drum fermentation system to establish an efficient industrial fermentation platform based on TSH1. The batch fermentations were completed in less than 20 hours, with up to 96 tons of crushed sweet sorghum stalks in the 550-m3 fermenter reaching 88% of relative theoretical ethanol yield (RTEY). These results collectively demonstrate that ethanol solid-state fermentation technology can be a highly efficient and low-cost solution for utilizing sweet sorghum, providing a feasible and economical means of developing non-food bioethanol.
add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1371/journal.pone.0094480&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen gold 25 citations 25 popularity Top 10% influence Top 10% impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!
more_vert add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1371/journal.pone.0094480&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Other literature type , Journal 2012 United States, SwitzerlandPublisher:Public Library of Science (PLoS) Funded by:NSF | Collaborative Research: D...NSF| Collaborative Research: Distribution and Dynamics of Belowground Carbon in SavannasPaolo D'Odorico; Paolo D'Odorico; Danielle Perrot; Abinash Bhattachan; Frances C. O'Donnell; Susan Ringrose; Kelly K. Caylor; Mokganedi Tatlhego; Kebonye Dintwe; Kebonye Dintwe; Gregory S. Okin;The contribution of savannas to global carbon storage is poorly understood, in part due to lack of knowledge of the amount of belowground biomass. In these ecosystems, the coexistence of woody and herbaceous life forms is often explained on the basis of belowground interactions among roots. However, the distribution of root biomass in savannas has seldom been investigated, and the dependence of root biomass on rainfall regime remains unclear, particularly for woody plants. Here we investigate patterns of belowground woody biomass along a rainfall gradient in the Kalahari of southern Africa, a region with consistent sandy soils. We test the hypotheses that (1) the root depth increases with mean annual precipitation (root optimality and plant hydrotropism hypothesis), and (2) the root-to-shoot ratio increases with decreasing mean annual rainfall (functional equilibrium hypothesis). Both hypotheses have been previously assessed for herbaceous vegetation using global root data sets. Our data do not support these hypotheses for the case of woody plants in savannas. We find that in the Kalahari, the root profiles of woody plants do not become deeper with increasing mean annual precipitation, whereas the root-to-shoot ratios decrease along a gradient of increasing aridity.
University of Califo... arrow_drop_down University of California: eScholarshipArticle . 2012License: CC BYFull-Text: https://escholarship.org/uc/item/53h8g89qData sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)eScholarship - University of CaliforniaArticle . 2012Data sources: eScholarship - University of Californiaadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1371/journal.pone.0033996&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen gold 35 citations 35 popularity Top 10% influence Top 10% impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!
more_vert University of Califo... arrow_drop_down University of California: eScholarshipArticle . 2012License: CC BYFull-Text: https://escholarship.org/uc/item/53h8g89qData sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)eScholarship - University of CaliforniaArticle . 2012Data sources: eScholarship - University of Californiaadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1371/journal.pone.0033996&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Other literature type , Journal 2012 United States, SwitzerlandPublisher:Public Library of Science (PLoS) Funded by:NSF | Collaborative Research: D...NSF| Collaborative Research: Distribution and Dynamics of Belowground Carbon in SavannasPaolo D'Odorico; Paolo D'Odorico; Danielle Perrot; Abinash Bhattachan; Frances C. O'Donnell; Susan Ringrose; Kelly K. Caylor; Mokganedi Tatlhego; Kebonye Dintwe; Kebonye Dintwe; Gregory S. Okin;The contribution of savannas to global carbon storage is poorly understood, in part due to lack of knowledge of the amount of belowground biomass. In these ecosystems, the coexistence of woody and herbaceous life forms is often explained on the basis of belowground interactions among roots. However, the distribution of root biomass in savannas has seldom been investigated, and the dependence of root biomass on rainfall regime remains unclear, particularly for woody plants. Here we investigate patterns of belowground woody biomass along a rainfall gradient in the Kalahari of southern Africa, a region with consistent sandy soils. We test the hypotheses that (1) the root depth increases with mean annual precipitation (root optimality and plant hydrotropism hypothesis), and (2) the root-to-shoot ratio increases with decreasing mean annual rainfall (functional equilibrium hypothesis). Both hypotheses have been previously assessed for herbaceous vegetation using global root data sets. Our data do not support these hypotheses for the case of woody plants in savannas. We find that in the Kalahari, the root profiles of woody plants do not become deeper with increasing mean annual precipitation, whereas the root-to-shoot ratios decrease along a gradient of increasing aridity.
University of Califo... arrow_drop_down University of California: eScholarshipArticle . 2012License: CC BYFull-Text: https://escholarship.org/uc/item/53h8g89qData sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)eScholarship - University of CaliforniaArticle . 2012Data sources: eScholarship - University of Californiaadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1371/journal.pone.0033996&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen gold 35 citations 35 popularity Top 10% influence Top 10% impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!
more_vert University of Califo... arrow_drop_down University of California: eScholarshipArticle . 2012License: CC BYFull-Text: https://escholarship.org/uc/item/53h8g89qData sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)eScholarship - University of CaliforniaArticle . 2012Data sources: eScholarship - University of Californiaadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1371/journal.pone.0033996&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Other literature type , Journal 2013Publisher:Public Library of Science (PLoS) Tamotsu Hoshino; Tamotsu Hoshino; Akinori Matsushika; Atsushi Nagashima; Tetsuya Goshima;In the present study, comprehensive, quantitative metabolome analysis was carried out on the recombinant glucose/xylose-cofermenting S. cerevisiae strain MA-R4 during fermentation with different carbon sources, including glucose, xylose, or glucose/xylose mixtures. Capillary electrophoresis time-of-flight mass spectrometry was used to determine the intracellular pools of metabolites from the central carbon pathways, energy metabolism pathways, and the levels of twenty amino acids. When xylose instead of glucose was metabolized by MA-R4, glycolytic metabolites including 3- phosphoglycerate, 2- phosphoglycerate, phosphoenolpyruvate, and pyruvate were dramatically reduced, while conversely, most pentose phosphate pathway metabolites such as sedoheptulose 7- phosphate and ribulose 5-phosphate were greatly increased. These results suggest that the low metabolic activity of glycolysis and the pool of pentose phosphate pathway intermediates are potential limiting factors in xylose utilization. It was further demonstrated that during xylose fermentation, about half of the twenty amino acids declined, and the adenylate/guanylate energy charge was impacted due to markedly decreased adenosine triphosphate/adenosine monophosphate and guanosine triphosphate/guanosine monophosphate ratios, implying that the fermentation of xylose leads to an inefficient metabolic state where the biosynthetic capabilities and energy balance are severely impaired. In addition, fermentation with xylose alone drastically increased the level of citrate in the tricarboxylic acid cycle and increased the aromatic amino acids tryptophan and tyrosine, strongly supporting the view that carbon starvation was induced. Interestingly, fermentation with xylose alone also increased the synthesis of the polyamine spermidine and its precursor S-adenosylmethionine. Thus, differences in carbon substrates, including glucose and xylose in the fermentation medium, strongly influenced the dynamic metabolism of MA-R4. These results provide a metabolic explanation for the low ethanol productivity on xylose compared to glucose.
add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1371/journal.pone.0069005&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen gold 48 citations 48 popularity Top 10% influence Top 10% impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!
more_vert add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1371/journal.pone.0069005&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Other literature type , Journal 2013Publisher:Public Library of Science (PLoS) Tamotsu Hoshino; Tamotsu Hoshino; Akinori Matsushika; Atsushi Nagashima; Tetsuya Goshima;In the present study, comprehensive, quantitative metabolome analysis was carried out on the recombinant glucose/xylose-cofermenting S. cerevisiae strain MA-R4 during fermentation with different carbon sources, including glucose, xylose, or glucose/xylose mixtures. Capillary electrophoresis time-of-flight mass spectrometry was used to determine the intracellular pools of metabolites from the central carbon pathways, energy metabolism pathways, and the levels of twenty amino acids. When xylose instead of glucose was metabolized by MA-R4, glycolytic metabolites including 3- phosphoglycerate, 2- phosphoglycerate, phosphoenolpyruvate, and pyruvate were dramatically reduced, while conversely, most pentose phosphate pathway metabolites such as sedoheptulose 7- phosphate and ribulose 5-phosphate were greatly increased. These results suggest that the low metabolic activity of glycolysis and the pool of pentose phosphate pathway intermediates are potential limiting factors in xylose utilization. It was further demonstrated that during xylose fermentation, about half of the twenty amino acids declined, and the adenylate/guanylate energy charge was impacted due to markedly decreased adenosine triphosphate/adenosine monophosphate and guanosine triphosphate/guanosine monophosphate ratios, implying that the fermentation of xylose leads to an inefficient metabolic state where the biosynthetic capabilities and energy balance are severely impaired. In addition, fermentation with xylose alone drastically increased the level of citrate in the tricarboxylic acid cycle and increased the aromatic amino acids tryptophan and tyrosine, strongly supporting the view that carbon starvation was induced. Interestingly, fermentation with xylose alone also increased the synthesis of the polyamine spermidine and its precursor S-adenosylmethionine. Thus, differences in carbon substrates, including glucose and xylose in the fermentation medium, strongly influenced the dynamic metabolism of MA-R4. These results provide a metabolic explanation for the low ethanol productivity on xylose compared to glucose.
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You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen gold 48 citations 48 popularity Top 10% influence Top 10% impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!
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You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Other literature type , Journal 2018Publisher:Public Library of Science (PLoS) Ping Pan; Fang Zhao; Jinkui Ning; Ling Zhang; Xunzhi Ouyang; Hao Zang;Understory vegetation plays a vital role in regulating soil carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) characteristics due to differences in plant functional traits. Different understory vegetation types have been reported following aerial seeding. While aerial seeding is common in areas with serious soil erosion, few studies have been conducted to investigate changes in soil C and N cycling as affected by understory vegetation in aerially seeded plantations. Here, we studied soil C and N characteristics under two naturally formed understory vegetation types (Dicranopteris and graminoid) in aerially seeded Pinus massoniana Lamb plantations. Across the two studied understory vegetation types, soil organic C was significantly correlated with all measured soil N variables, including total N, available N, microbial biomass N and water-soluble organic N, while microbial biomass C was correlated with all measured variables except soil organic C. Dicranopteris and graminoid differed in their effects on soil C and N process. Except water-soluble organic C, all the other C and N variables were higher in soils with graminoids. The higher levels of soil organic C, microbial biomass C, total N, available N, microbial biomass N and water-soluble organic N were consistent with the higher litter and root quality (C/N) of graminoid vegetation compared to Dicranopteris. Changes in soil C and N cycles might be impacted by understory vegetation types via differences in litter or root quality.
add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1371/journal.pone.0191952&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen gold 30 citations 30 popularity Top 10% influence Top 10% impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!
more_vert add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1371/journal.pone.0191952&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Other literature type , Journal 2018Publisher:Public Library of Science (PLoS) Ping Pan; Fang Zhao; Jinkui Ning; Ling Zhang; Xunzhi Ouyang; Hao Zang;Understory vegetation plays a vital role in regulating soil carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) characteristics due to differences in plant functional traits. Different understory vegetation types have been reported following aerial seeding. While aerial seeding is common in areas with serious soil erosion, few studies have been conducted to investigate changes in soil C and N cycling as affected by understory vegetation in aerially seeded plantations. Here, we studied soil C and N characteristics under two naturally formed understory vegetation types (Dicranopteris and graminoid) in aerially seeded Pinus massoniana Lamb plantations. Across the two studied understory vegetation types, soil organic C was significantly correlated with all measured soil N variables, including total N, available N, microbial biomass N and water-soluble organic N, while microbial biomass C was correlated with all measured variables except soil organic C. Dicranopteris and graminoid differed in their effects on soil C and N process. Except water-soluble organic C, all the other C and N variables were higher in soils with graminoids. The higher levels of soil organic C, microbial biomass C, total N, available N, microbial biomass N and water-soluble organic N were consistent with the higher litter and root quality (C/N) of graminoid vegetation compared to Dicranopteris. Changes in soil C and N cycles might be impacted by understory vegetation types via differences in litter or root quality.
add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1371/journal.pone.0191952&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen gold 30 citations 30 popularity Top 10% influence Top 10% impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!
more_vert add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1371/journal.pone.0191952&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Other literature type , Journal 2018 France, South AfricaPublisher:Public Library of Science (PLoS) Régis Babin; Régis Babin; Abdelmutalab G.A. Azrag; Abdelmutalab G.A. Azrag; Abdelmutalab G.A. Azrag; Saliou Niassy; Gladys Mosomtai; Fabrice Pinard; Abdullahi Ahmed Yusuf; Christian Walter Werner Pirk;Antestiopsis thunbergii (Gmelin 1790) est un ravageur majeur du café Arabica en Afrique. L'insecte préfère le café aux plus hautes altitudes, contrairement à d'autres ravageurs majeurs. Les objectifs de cette étude étaient de décrire la relation entre les populations d'A. thunbergii et l'altitude, d'élucider cette relation en utilisant nos connaissances de la biologie thermique des ravageurs et de prédire la distribution des ravageurs sous le réchauffement climatique. La densité de population d'Antestiopsis thunbergii a été évaluée dans 24 plantations de café situées le long d'un transect délimité par un gradient d'altitude compris entre 1000 et 1700 m asl, sur le mont. Kilimandjaro, Tanzanie. La densité a été évaluée pour trois saisons climatiques différentes, la saison sèche fraîche en juin 2014 et 2015, la courte saison des pluies en octobre 2014 et la saison sèche chaude en janvier 2015. La distribution des ravageurs a été prédite sur le même transect à l'aide de trois indices de risque : l'indice de risque d'établissement (ERI), l'indice de génération (GI) et l'indice d'activité (AI). Ces indices ont été calculés à l'aide de paramètres de la table de survie simulés obtenus à partir de modèles de développement dépendant de la température et de données de température provenant 1) d'enregistrements sur le terrain à l'aide d'enregistreurs de données déployés sur le transect et 2) de prédictions pour l'année 2055 extraites de la base de données AFRICLIM. La densité de population observée était la plus élevée pendant la saison sèche fraîche et augmentait significativement avec l'augmentation de l'altitude. Pour la température actuelle, l'ERI a augmenté avec une augmentation de l'altitude et a donc été distribué de manière similaire aux populations observées, contrairement aux autres indices. Ce résultat suggère que la sensibilité au stade immature aux températures extrêmes était un facteur clé de la répartition de la population affectée par l'altitude. À l'avenir, la distribution des indices de risque à l'échelle mondiale a indiqué une diminution du risque à basse altitude et une augmentation du risque aux plus hautes altitudes. Sur la base de ces résultats, nous avons conclu avec des recommandations pour atténuer le risque d'infestation par A. thunbergii. El insecto antestia, Antestiopsis thunbergii (Gmelin 1790) es una plaga importante del café Arábica en África. El insecto prefiere el café en las alturas más altas, a diferencia de otras plagas importantes. Los objetivos de este estudio fueron describir la relación entre las poblaciones de A. thunbergii y la elevación, dilucidar esta relación utilizando nuestro conocimiento de la biología térmica de las plagas y predecir la distribución de las plagas bajo el calentamiento climático. La densidad de población de Antestiopsis thunbergii se evaluó en 24 fincas de café ubicadas a lo largo de un transecto delimitado a través de un gradiente de elevación en el rango de 1000-1700 m s.n.m., en el monte Kilimanjaro, Tanzania. La densidad se evaluó para tres estaciones climáticas diferentes, la estación seca fría en junio de 2014 y 2015, la estación lluviosa corta en octubre de 2014 y la estación seca cálida en enero de 2015. La distribución de Pest se predijo sobre el mismo transecto utilizando tres índices de riesgo: el índice de riesgo de establecimiento (ERI), el índice de generación (GI) y el índice de actividad (AI). Estos índices se calcularon utilizando parámetros de la tabla de vida simulada obtenidos de modelos de desarrollo dependientes de la temperatura y datos de temperatura de 1) registros de campo utilizando registradores de datos desplegados en el transecto y 2) predicciones para el año 2055 extraídas de la base de datos AFRICLIM. La densidad de población observada fue la más alta durante la estación seca fresca y aumentó significativamente con el aumento de la altitud. Para la temperatura actual, el ERI aumentó con un aumento en la elevación y, por lo tanto, se distribuyó de manera similar a las poblaciones observadas, a diferencia de los otros índices. Este resultado sugiere que la susceptibilidad de la etapa inmadura a temperaturas extremas fue un factor clave de la distribución de la población afectada por la altitud. En el futuro, la distribución de los índices de riesgo a nivel mundial indicó una disminución del riesgo a baja altitud y un aumento del riesgo a las alturas más altas. Con base en estos resultados, concluimos con recomendaciones para mitigar el riesgo de infestación por A. thunbergii. The antestia bug, Antestiopsis thunbergii (Gmelin 1790) is a major pest of Arabica coffee in Africa. The bug prefers coffee at the highest elevations, contrary to other major pests. The objectives of this study were to describe the relationship between A. thunbergii populations and elevation, to elucidate this relationship using our knowledge of the pest thermal biology and to predict the pest distribution under climate warming. Antestiopsis thunbergii population density was assessed in 24 coffee farms located along a transect delimited across an elevation gradient in the range 1000-1700 m asl, on Mt. Kilimanjaro, Tanzania. Density was assessed for three different climatic seasons, the cool dry season in June 2014 and 2015, the short rainy season in October 2014 and the warm dry season in January 2015. The pest distribution was predicted over the same transect using three risk indices: the establishment risk index (ERI), the generation index (GI) and the activity index (AI). These indices were computed using simulated life table parameters obtained from temperature-dependent development models and temperature data from 1) field records using data loggers deployed over the transect and 2) predictions for year 2055 extracted from AFRICLIM database. The observed population density was the highest during the cool dry season and increased significantly with increasing elevation. For current temperature, the ERI increased with an increase in elevation and was therefore distributed similarly to observed populations, contrary to the other indices. This result suggests that immature stage susceptibility to extreme temperatures was a key factor of population distribution as impacted by elevation. In the future, distribution of the risk indices globally indicated a decrease of the risk at low elevation and an increase of the risk at the highest elevations. Based on these results, we concluded with recommendations to mitigate the risk of A. thunbergii infestation. حشرة أنتيستيا، Antestiopsis thunbergii (Gmelin 1790) هي آفة رئيسية من قهوة أرابيكا في أفريقيا. يفضل الحشرة القهوة على أعلى المرتفعات، على عكس الآفات الرئيسية الأخرى. كانت أهداف هذه الدراسة هي وصف العلاقة بين مجموعات A. thunbergii والارتفاع، لتوضيح هذه العلاقة باستخدام معرفتنا ببيولوجيا الآفات الحرارية والتنبؤ بتوزيع الآفات في ظل الاحترار المناخي. تم تقييم الكثافة السكانية لـ Antestiopsis thunbergii في 24 مزرعة بن تقع على طول مقطع عرضي محدد عبر تدرج الارتفاع في نطاق 1000-1700 متر، على جبل. كليمنجارو، تنزانيا. تم تقييم الكثافة لثلاثة مواسم مناخية مختلفة، وموسم الجفاف البارد في يونيو 2014 و 2015، وموسم الأمطار القصير في أكتوبر 2014 وموسم الجفاف الدافئ في يناير 2015. تم التنبؤ بتوزيع الآفات على نفس المقطع باستخدام ثلاثة مؤشرات للمخاطر: مؤشر مخاطر المؤسسة (ERI) ومؤشر التوليد (GI) ومؤشر النشاط (AI). تم حساب هذه المؤشرات باستخدام معلمات جدول الحياة المحاكاة التي تم الحصول عليها من نماذج التطوير المعتمدة على درجة الحرارة وبيانات درجة الحرارة من 1) السجلات الميدانية باستخدام مسجلات البيانات المنتشرة عبر المقطع و 2) التنبؤات لعام 2055 المستخرجة من قاعدة بيانات AFRICLIM. كانت الكثافة السكانية المرصودة هي الأعلى خلال موسم الجفاف البارد وزادت بشكل كبير مع زيادة الارتفاع. بالنسبة لدرجة الحرارة الحالية، زاد مؤشر الاستبدال الانتقائي مع زيادة في الارتفاع وبالتالي تم توزيعه بشكل مشابه للمجموعات المرصودة، على عكس المؤشرات الأخرى. تشير هذه النتيجة إلى أن قابلية المرحلة غير الناضجة لدرجات الحرارة القصوى كانت عاملاً رئيسياً في توزيع السكان حيث تأثر بالارتفاع. في المستقبل، أشار توزيع مؤشرات المخاطر على مستوى العالم إلى انخفاض المخاطر عند الارتفاعات المنخفضة وزيادة المخاطر عند أعلى الارتفاعات. وبناءً على هذه النتائج، خلصنا إلى توصيات للتخفيف من خطر الإصابة بمرض A. thunbergii.
UP Research Data Rep... arrow_drop_down UP Research Data RepositoryArticle . 2018License: CC BYFull-Text: http://hdl.handle.net/2263/66641Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1371/journal.pone.0199569&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen gold 48 citations 48 popularity Top 1% influence Top 10% impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!
more_vert UP Research Data Rep... arrow_drop_down UP Research Data RepositoryArticle . 2018License: CC BYFull-Text: http://hdl.handle.net/2263/66641Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1371/journal.pone.0199569&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Other literature type , Journal 2018 France, South AfricaPublisher:Public Library of Science (PLoS) Régis Babin; Régis Babin; Abdelmutalab G.A. Azrag; Abdelmutalab G.A. Azrag; Abdelmutalab G.A. Azrag; Saliou Niassy; Gladys Mosomtai; Fabrice Pinard; Abdullahi Ahmed Yusuf; Christian Walter Werner Pirk;Antestiopsis thunbergii (Gmelin 1790) est un ravageur majeur du café Arabica en Afrique. L'insecte préfère le café aux plus hautes altitudes, contrairement à d'autres ravageurs majeurs. Les objectifs de cette étude étaient de décrire la relation entre les populations d'A. thunbergii et l'altitude, d'élucider cette relation en utilisant nos connaissances de la biologie thermique des ravageurs et de prédire la distribution des ravageurs sous le réchauffement climatique. La densité de population d'Antestiopsis thunbergii a été évaluée dans 24 plantations de café situées le long d'un transect délimité par un gradient d'altitude compris entre 1000 et 1700 m asl, sur le mont. Kilimandjaro, Tanzanie. La densité a été évaluée pour trois saisons climatiques différentes, la saison sèche fraîche en juin 2014 et 2015, la courte saison des pluies en octobre 2014 et la saison sèche chaude en janvier 2015. La distribution des ravageurs a été prédite sur le même transect à l'aide de trois indices de risque : l'indice de risque d'établissement (ERI), l'indice de génération (GI) et l'indice d'activité (AI). Ces indices ont été calculés à l'aide de paramètres de la table de survie simulés obtenus à partir de modèles de développement dépendant de la température et de données de température provenant 1) d'enregistrements sur le terrain à l'aide d'enregistreurs de données déployés sur le transect et 2) de prédictions pour l'année 2055 extraites de la base de données AFRICLIM. La densité de population observée était la plus élevée pendant la saison sèche fraîche et augmentait significativement avec l'augmentation de l'altitude. Pour la température actuelle, l'ERI a augmenté avec une augmentation de l'altitude et a donc été distribué de manière similaire aux populations observées, contrairement aux autres indices. Ce résultat suggère que la sensibilité au stade immature aux températures extrêmes était un facteur clé de la répartition de la population affectée par l'altitude. À l'avenir, la distribution des indices de risque à l'échelle mondiale a indiqué une diminution du risque à basse altitude et une augmentation du risque aux plus hautes altitudes. Sur la base de ces résultats, nous avons conclu avec des recommandations pour atténuer le risque d'infestation par A. thunbergii. El insecto antestia, Antestiopsis thunbergii (Gmelin 1790) es una plaga importante del café Arábica en África. El insecto prefiere el café en las alturas más altas, a diferencia de otras plagas importantes. Los objetivos de este estudio fueron describir la relación entre las poblaciones de A. thunbergii y la elevación, dilucidar esta relación utilizando nuestro conocimiento de la biología térmica de las plagas y predecir la distribución de las plagas bajo el calentamiento climático. La densidad de población de Antestiopsis thunbergii se evaluó en 24 fincas de café ubicadas a lo largo de un transecto delimitado a través de un gradiente de elevación en el rango de 1000-1700 m s.n.m., en el monte Kilimanjaro, Tanzania. La densidad se evaluó para tres estaciones climáticas diferentes, la estación seca fría en junio de 2014 y 2015, la estación lluviosa corta en octubre de 2014 y la estación seca cálida en enero de 2015. La distribución de Pest se predijo sobre el mismo transecto utilizando tres índices de riesgo: el índice de riesgo de establecimiento (ERI), el índice de generación (GI) y el índice de actividad (AI). Estos índices se calcularon utilizando parámetros de la tabla de vida simulada obtenidos de modelos de desarrollo dependientes de la temperatura y datos de temperatura de 1) registros de campo utilizando registradores de datos desplegados en el transecto y 2) predicciones para el año 2055 extraídas de la base de datos AFRICLIM. La densidad de población observada fue la más alta durante la estación seca fresca y aumentó significativamente con el aumento de la altitud. Para la temperatura actual, el ERI aumentó con un aumento en la elevación y, por lo tanto, se distribuyó de manera similar a las poblaciones observadas, a diferencia de los otros índices. Este resultado sugiere que la susceptibilidad de la etapa inmadura a temperaturas extremas fue un factor clave de la distribución de la población afectada por la altitud. En el futuro, la distribución de los índices de riesgo a nivel mundial indicó una disminución del riesgo a baja altitud y un aumento del riesgo a las alturas más altas. Con base en estos resultados, concluimos con recomendaciones para mitigar el riesgo de infestación por A. thunbergii. The antestia bug, Antestiopsis thunbergii (Gmelin 1790) is a major pest of Arabica coffee in Africa. The bug prefers coffee at the highest elevations, contrary to other major pests. The objectives of this study were to describe the relationship between A. thunbergii populations and elevation, to elucidate this relationship using our knowledge of the pest thermal biology and to predict the pest distribution under climate warming. Antestiopsis thunbergii population density was assessed in 24 coffee farms located along a transect delimited across an elevation gradient in the range 1000-1700 m asl, on Mt. Kilimanjaro, Tanzania. Density was assessed for three different climatic seasons, the cool dry season in June 2014 and 2015, the short rainy season in October 2014 and the warm dry season in January 2015. The pest distribution was predicted over the same transect using three risk indices: the establishment risk index (ERI), the generation index (GI) and the activity index (AI). These indices were computed using simulated life table parameters obtained from temperature-dependent development models and temperature data from 1) field records using data loggers deployed over the transect and 2) predictions for year 2055 extracted from AFRICLIM database. The observed population density was the highest during the cool dry season and increased significantly with increasing elevation. For current temperature, the ERI increased with an increase in elevation and was therefore distributed similarly to observed populations, contrary to the other indices. This result suggests that immature stage susceptibility to extreme temperatures was a key factor of population distribution as impacted by elevation. In the future, distribution of the risk indices globally indicated a decrease of the risk at low elevation and an increase of the risk at the highest elevations. Based on these results, we concluded with recommendations to mitigate the risk of A. thunbergii infestation. حشرة أنتيستيا، Antestiopsis thunbergii (Gmelin 1790) هي آفة رئيسية من قهوة أرابيكا في أفريقيا. يفضل الحشرة القهوة على أعلى المرتفعات، على عكس الآفات الرئيسية الأخرى. كانت أهداف هذه الدراسة هي وصف العلاقة بين مجموعات A. thunbergii والارتفاع، لتوضيح هذه العلاقة باستخدام معرفتنا ببيولوجيا الآفات الحرارية والتنبؤ بتوزيع الآفات في ظل الاحترار المناخي. تم تقييم الكثافة السكانية لـ Antestiopsis thunbergii في 24 مزرعة بن تقع على طول مقطع عرضي محدد عبر تدرج الارتفاع في نطاق 1000-1700 متر، على جبل. كليمنجارو، تنزانيا. تم تقييم الكثافة لثلاثة مواسم مناخية مختلفة، وموسم الجفاف البارد في يونيو 2014 و 2015، وموسم الأمطار القصير في أكتوبر 2014 وموسم الجفاف الدافئ في يناير 2015. تم التنبؤ بتوزيع الآفات على نفس المقطع باستخدام ثلاثة مؤشرات للمخاطر: مؤشر مخاطر المؤسسة (ERI) ومؤشر التوليد (GI) ومؤشر النشاط (AI). تم حساب هذه المؤشرات باستخدام معلمات جدول الحياة المحاكاة التي تم الحصول عليها من نماذج التطوير المعتمدة على درجة الحرارة وبيانات درجة الحرارة من 1) السجلات الميدانية باستخدام مسجلات البيانات المنتشرة عبر المقطع و 2) التنبؤات لعام 2055 المستخرجة من قاعدة بيانات AFRICLIM. كانت الكثافة السكانية المرصودة هي الأعلى خلال موسم الجفاف البارد وزادت بشكل كبير مع زيادة الارتفاع. بالنسبة لدرجة الحرارة الحالية، زاد مؤشر الاستبدال الانتقائي مع زيادة في الارتفاع وبالتالي تم توزيعه بشكل مشابه للمجموعات المرصودة، على عكس المؤشرات الأخرى. تشير هذه النتيجة إلى أن قابلية المرحلة غير الناضجة لدرجات الحرارة القصوى كانت عاملاً رئيسياً في توزيع السكان حيث تأثر بالارتفاع. في المستقبل، أشار توزيع مؤشرات المخاطر على مستوى العالم إلى انخفاض المخاطر عند الارتفاعات المنخفضة وزيادة المخاطر عند أعلى الارتفاعات. وبناءً على هذه النتائج، خلصنا إلى توصيات للتخفيف من خطر الإصابة بمرض A. thunbergii.
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description Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Other literature type , Journal 2015 France, South Africa, FrancePublisher:Public Library of Science (PLoS) Funded by:NSF | Sources of Heterogeneity ..., NSF | CNH: Dynamic Interactions..., EC | AfricanBioServicesNSF| Sources of Heterogeneity in Grasslands: Responses of Wildlife to People on Savanna Landscape ,NSF| CNH: Dynamic Interactions Among People, Livestock, and Savanna Ecosystems Under Climate Change ,EC| AfricanBioServicesAuthors: Joseph O. Ogutu; Norman Owen‐Smith; Hans‐Peter Piepho; Holly T. Dublin;Dans les latitudes tempérées élevées, les ongulés donnent généralement naissance dans une fenêtre temporelle étroite lorsque les conditions sont optimales pour la survie de la progéniture au printemps ou au début de l'été, et utilisent une photopériode changeante pour les conceptions temporelles afin d'anticiper ces conditions. Cependant, dans les basses latitudes tropicales, la variation de la durée du jour est minime et la variation des précipitations rend le cycle saisonnier moins prévisible. Néanmoins, plusieurs espèces d'ongulés conservent des pics de naissance étroits dans de telles conditions, tandis que d'autres montrent que les naissances se propagent assez largement tout au long de l'année. Nous avons étudié comment la variation des précipitations d'une année à l'autre et d'une année à l'autre a influencé le moment de la reproduction de quatre espèces d'ongulés montrant ces modèles contrastés dans la région de Masai Mara au Kenya. Les quatre espèces présentaient des pics de naissance au cours de la période optimale putative au début de la saison humide. Pour le hartebeest et l'impala, le pic de naissance est diffus et la progéniture naît tout au long de l'année. En revanche, le topi et le phacochère ont montré une concentration saisonnière étroite de naissances, avec des conceptions supprimées une fois que les précipitations mensuelles sont tombées en dessous d'un seuil. Les fortes précipitations de la saison précédente et les fortes pluies précoces de l'année en cours ont amélioré la survie au stade juvénile de toutes les espèces, à l'exception de l'impala. Nos résultats révèlent comment la variation des précipitations affectant la croissance des graminées et donc la nutrition des herbivores peut régir la phénologie reproductive des ongulés dans les latitudes tropicales où la variation de la longueur du jour est minime. Le mécanisme sous-jacent semble être la suppression des conceptions une fois que les gains nutritionnels deviennent insuffisants. En réagissant de manière proximale à la variation des précipitations au cours de l'année, les ongulés de la savane tropicale sont moins susceptibles d'être affectés négativement par les conséquences du réchauffement climatique sur la phénologie de la végétation que les ongulés du Nord montrant un contrôle photopériodique plus rigide sur le moment de la reproduction. En latitudes templadas altas, los ungulados generalmente dan a luz dentro de una ventana de tiempo estrecha cuando las condiciones son óptimas para la supervivencia de la descendencia en primavera o principios del verano, y utilizan conceptos cambiantes de fotoperíodo a tiempo para anticipar estas condiciones. Sin embargo, en latitudes tropicales bajas, la variación de la duración del día es mínima, y la variación de las precipitaciones hace que el ciclo estacional sea menos predecible. Sin embargo, varias especies de ungulados conservan picos de nacimiento estrechos en tales condiciones, mientras que otras muestran nacimientos muy extendidos a lo largo del año. Investigamos cómo la variación interanual de las precipitaciones influyó en el tiempo reproductivo de cuatro especies de ungulados que muestran estos patrones contrastantes en la región de Masai Mara en Kenia. Las cuatro especies exhibieron picos de nacimiento durante el periodo óptimo putativo en la estación húmeda temprana. Para hartebeest e impala, el pico de nacimiento era difuso y las crías nacían durante todo el año. Por el contrario, topi y jabalí mostraron una estrecha concentración estacional de nacimientos, con concepciones suprimidas una vez que las precipitaciones mensuales cayeron por debajo de un nivel umbral. Las altas precipitaciones en la temporada anterior y las altas lluvias tempranas en el año en curso mejoraron la supervivencia en la etapa juvenil para todas las especies, excepto los impalas. Nuestros hallazgos revelan cómo la variación de la precipitación que afecta el crecimiento de la hierba y, por lo tanto, la nutrición de los herbívoros, puede gobernar la fenología reproductiva de los ungulados en latitudes tropicales donde la variación de la duración del día es mínima. El mecanismo subyacente parece ser la supresión de las concepciones una vez que las ganancias nutricionales se vuelven insuficientes. Al responder proximalmente a la variación de las precipitaciones dentro del año, es menos probable que los ungulados de la sabana tropical se vean afectados negativamente por las consecuencias del calentamiento global para la fenología de la vegetación que los ungulados del norte que muestran un control fotoperiódico más rígido sobre el tiempo reproductivo. In high temperate latitudes, ungulates generally give birth within a narrow time window when conditions are optimal for offspring survival in spring or early summer, and use changing photoperiod to time conceptions so as to anticipate these conditions. However, in low tropical latitudes day length variation is minimal, and rainfall variation makes the seasonal cycle less predictable. Nevertheless, several ungulate species retain narrow birth peaks under such conditions, while others show births spread quite widely through the year. We investigated how within-year and between-year variation in rainfall influenced the reproductive timing of four ungulate species showing these contrasting patterns in the Masai Mara region of Kenya. All four species exhibited birth peaks during the putative optimal period in the early wet season. For hartebeest and impala, the birth peak was diffuse and offspring were born throughout the year. In contrast, topi and warthog showed a narrow seasonal concentration of births, with conceptions suppressed once monthly rainfall fell below a threshold level. High rainfall in the previous season and high early rains in the current year enhanced survival into the juvenile stage for all the species except impala. Our findings reveal how rainfall variation affecting grass growth and hence herbivore nutrition can govern the reproductive phenology of ungulates in tropical latitudes where day length variation is minimal. The underlying mechanism seems to be the suppression of conceptions once nutritional gains become insufficient. Through responding proximally to within-year variation in rainfall, tropical savanna ungulates are less likely to be affected adversely by the consequences of global warming for vegetation phenology than northern ungulates showing more rigid photoperiodic control over reproductive timing. في خطوط العرض المعتدلة العالية، تلد ذوات الحوافر عمومًا في غضون فترة زمنية ضيقة عندما تكون الظروف مثالية لبقاء النسل في الربيع أو أوائل الصيف، وتستخدم تغيير الفترة الضوئية إلى مفاهيم زمنية لتوقع هذه الظروف. ومع ذلك، في خطوط العرض الاستوائية المنخفضة، يكون تباين طول اليوم ضئيلًا، ويجعل تباين هطول الأمطار الدورة الموسمية أقل قابلية للتنبؤ. ومع ذلك، فإن العديد من الأنواع ذوات الحوافر تحتفظ بقمم ولادة ضيقة في ظل هذه الظروف، في حين أن البعض الآخر يظهر أن الولادات تنتشر على نطاق واسع خلال العام. لقد حققنا في كيفية تأثير التباين في هطول الأمطار خلال العام وبين الأعوام على التوقيت التكاثري لأربعة أنواع من ذوات الحوافر تظهر هذه الأنماط المتناقضة في منطقة ماساي مارا في كينيا. أظهرت جميع الأنواع الأربعة قمم ولادة خلال الفترة المثلى المفترضة في موسم الأمطار المبكر. بالنسبة لحيوان النحل والامبالا، كانت ذروة الولادة منتشرة وولدت ذرية على مدار العام. على النقيض من ذلك، أظهر التوبي والخنزير الحربي تركيزًا موسميًا ضيقًا للولادات، مع قمع المفاهيم بمجرد انخفاض هطول الأمطار الشهري إلى ما دون مستوى العتبة. عزز ارتفاع هطول الأمطار في الموسم السابق وارتفاع الأمطار المبكرة في العام الحالي البقاء على قيد الحياة في مرحلة الشباب لجميع الأنواع باستثناء الإمبالا. تكشف النتائج التي توصلنا إليها كيف أن تباين هطول الأمطار الذي يؤثر على نمو العشب وبالتالي تغذية الحيوانات العاشبة يمكن أن يحكم الفينولوجيا الإنجابية لذوات الحوافر في خطوط العرض الاستوائية حيث يكون تباين طول اليوم ضئيلًا. يبدو أن الآلية الأساسية هي قمع المفاهيم بمجرد أن تصبح المكاسب الغذائية غير كافية. من خلال الاستجابة القريبة من التباين في هطول الأمطار خلال العام، فإن ذوات الحوافر في السافانا الاستوائية أقل عرضة للتأثر سلبًا بعواقب الاحترار العالمي على فينولوجيا الغطاء النباتي من ذوات الحوافر الشمالية التي تظهر تحكمًا دوريًا ضوئيًا أكثر صرامة في توقيت التكاثر.
PLoS ONE arrow_drop_down CGIAR CGSpace (Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research)Article . 2016License: CC BYFull-Text: https://hdl.handle.net/10568/72679Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen gold 24 citations 24 popularity Top 10% influence Average impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!
more_vert PLoS ONE arrow_drop_down CGIAR CGSpace (Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research)Article . 2016License: CC BYFull-Text: https://hdl.handle.net/10568/72679Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Other literature type , Journal 2015 France, South Africa, FrancePublisher:Public Library of Science (PLoS) Funded by:NSF | Sources of Heterogeneity ..., NSF | CNH: Dynamic Interactions..., EC | AfricanBioServicesNSF| Sources of Heterogeneity in Grasslands: Responses of Wildlife to People on Savanna Landscape ,NSF| CNH: Dynamic Interactions Among People, Livestock, and Savanna Ecosystems Under Climate Change ,EC| AfricanBioServicesAuthors: Joseph O. Ogutu; Norman Owen‐Smith; Hans‐Peter Piepho; Holly T. Dublin;Dans les latitudes tempérées élevées, les ongulés donnent généralement naissance dans une fenêtre temporelle étroite lorsque les conditions sont optimales pour la survie de la progéniture au printemps ou au début de l'été, et utilisent une photopériode changeante pour les conceptions temporelles afin d'anticiper ces conditions. Cependant, dans les basses latitudes tropicales, la variation de la durée du jour est minime et la variation des précipitations rend le cycle saisonnier moins prévisible. Néanmoins, plusieurs espèces d'ongulés conservent des pics de naissance étroits dans de telles conditions, tandis que d'autres montrent que les naissances se propagent assez largement tout au long de l'année. Nous avons étudié comment la variation des précipitations d'une année à l'autre et d'une année à l'autre a influencé le moment de la reproduction de quatre espèces d'ongulés montrant ces modèles contrastés dans la région de Masai Mara au Kenya. Les quatre espèces présentaient des pics de naissance au cours de la période optimale putative au début de la saison humide. Pour le hartebeest et l'impala, le pic de naissance est diffus et la progéniture naît tout au long de l'année. En revanche, le topi et le phacochère ont montré une concentration saisonnière étroite de naissances, avec des conceptions supprimées une fois que les précipitations mensuelles sont tombées en dessous d'un seuil. Les fortes précipitations de la saison précédente et les fortes pluies précoces de l'année en cours ont amélioré la survie au stade juvénile de toutes les espèces, à l'exception de l'impala. Nos résultats révèlent comment la variation des précipitations affectant la croissance des graminées et donc la nutrition des herbivores peut régir la phénologie reproductive des ongulés dans les latitudes tropicales où la variation de la longueur du jour est minime. Le mécanisme sous-jacent semble être la suppression des conceptions une fois que les gains nutritionnels deviennent insuffisants. En réagissant de manière proximale à la variation des précipitations au cours de l'année, les ongulés de la savane tropicale sont moins susceptibles d'être affectés négativement par les conséquences du réchauffement climatique sur la phénologie de la végétation que les ongulés du Nord montrant un contrôle photopériodique plus rigide sur le moment de la reproduction. En latitudes templadas altas, los ungulados generalmente dan a luz dentro de una ventana de tiempo estrecha cuando las condiciones son óptimas para la supervivencia de la descendencia en primavera o principios del verano, y utilizan conceptos cambiantes de fotoperíodo a tiempo para anticipar estas condiciones. Sin embargo, en latitudes tropicales bajas, la variación de la duración del día es mínima, y la variación de las precipitaciones hace que el ciclo estacional sea menos predecible. Sin embargo, varias especies de ungulados conservan picos de nacimiento estrechos en tales condiciones, mientras que otras muestran nacimientos muy extendidos a lo largo del año. Investigamos cómo la variación interanual de las precipitaciones influyó en el tiempo reproductivo de cuatro especies de ungulados que muestran estos patrones contrastantes en la región de Masai Mara en Kenia. Las cuatro especies exhibieron picos de nacimiento durante el periodo óptimo putativo en la estación húmeda temprana. Para hartebeest e impala, el pico de nacimiento era difuso y las crías nacían durante todo el año. Por el contrario, topi y jabalí mostraron una estrecha concentración estacional de nacimientos, con concepciones suprimidas una vez que las precipitaciones mensuales cayeron por debajo de un nivel umbral. Las altas precipitaciones en la temporada anterior y las altas lluvias tempranas en el año en curso mejoraron la supervivencia en la etapa juvenil para todas las especies, excepto los impalas. Nuestros hallazgos revelan cómo la variación de la precipitación que afecta el crecimiento de la hierba y, por lo tanto, la nutrición de los herbívoros, puede gobernar la fenología reproductiva de los ungulados en latitudes tropicales donde la variación de la duración del día es mínima. El mecanismo subyacente parece ser la supresión de las concepciones una vez que las ganancias nutricionales se vuelven insuficientes. Al responder proximalmente a la variación de las precipitaciones dentro del año, es menos probable que los ungulados de la sabana tropical se vean afectados negativamente por las consecuencias del calentamiento global para la fenología de la vegetación que los ungulados del norte que muestran un control fotoperiódico más rígido sobre el tiempo reproductivo. In high temperate latitudes, ungulates generally give birth within a narrow time window when conditions are optimal for offspring survival in spring or early summer, and use changing photoperiod to time conceptions so as to anticipate these conditions. However, in low tropical latitudes day length variation is minimal, and rainfall variation makes the seasonal cycle less predictable. Nevertheless, several ungulate species retain narrow birth peaks under such conditions, while others show births spread quite widely through the year. We investigated how within-year and between-year variation in rainfall influenced the reproductive timing of four ungulate species showing these contrasting patterns in the Masai Mara region of Kenya. All four species exhibited birth peaks during the putative optimal period in the early wet season. For hartebeest and impala, the birth peak was diffuse and offspring were born throughout the year. In contrast, topi and warthog showed a narrow seasonal concentration of births, with conceptions suppressed once monthly rainfall fell below a threshold level. High rainfall in the previous season and high early rains in the current year enhanced survival into the juvenile stage for all the species except impala. Our findings reveal how rainfall variation affecting grass growth and hence herbivore nutrition can govern the reproductive phenology of ungulates in tropical latitudes where day length variation is minimal. The underlying mechanism seems to be the suppression of conceptions once nutritional gains become insufficient. Through responding proximally to within-year variation in rainfall, tropical savanna ungulates are less likely to be affected adversely by the consequences of global warming for vegetation phenology than northern ungulates showing more rigid photoperiodic control over reproductive timing. في خطوط العرض المعتدلة العالية، تلد ذوات الحوافر عمومًا في غضون فترة زمنية ضيقة عندما تكون الظروف مثالية لبقاء النسل في الربيع أو أوائل الصيف، وتستخدم تغيير الفترة الضوئية إلى مفاهيم زمنية لتوقع هذه الظروف. ومع ذلك، في خطوط العرض الاستوائية المنخفضة، يكون تباين طول اليوم ضئيلًا، ويجعل تباين هطول الأمطار الدورة الموسمية أقل قابلية للتنبؤ. ومع ذلك، فإن العديد من الأنواع ذوات الحوافر تحتفظ بقمم ولادة ضيقة في ظل هذه الظروف، في حين أن البعض الآخر يظهر أن الولادات تنتشر على نطاق واسع خلال العام. لقد حققنا في كيفية تأثير التباين في هطول الأمطار خلال العام وبين الأعوام على التوقيت التكاثري لأربعة أنواع من ذوات الحوافر تظهر هذه الأنماط المتناقضة في منطقة ماساي مارا في كينيا. أظهرت جميع الأنواع الأربعة قمم ولادة خلال الفترة المثلى المفترضة في موسم الأمطار المبكر. بالنسبة لحيوان النحل والامبالا، كانت ذروة الولادة منتشرة وولدت ذرية على مدار العام. على النقيض من ذلك، أظهر التوبي والخنزير الحربي تركيزًا موسميًا ضيقًا للولادات، مع قمع المفاهيم بمجرد انخفاض هطول الأمطار الشهري إلى ما دون مستوى العتبة. عزز ارتفاع هطول الأمطار في الموسم السابق وارتفاع الأمطار المبكرة في العام الحالي البقاء على قيد الحياة في مرحلة الشباب لجميع الأنواع باستثناء الإمبالا. تكشف النتائج التي توصلنا إليها كيف أن تباين هطول الأمطار الذي يؤثر على نمو العشب وبالتالي تغذية الحيوانات العاشبة يمكن أن يحكم الفينولوجيا الإنجابية لذوات الحوافر في خطوط العرض الاستوائية حيث يكون تباين طول اليوم ضئيلًا. يبدو أن الآلية الأساسية هي قمع المفاهيم بمجرد أن تصبح المكاسب الغذائية غير كافية. من خلال الاستجابة القريبة من التباين في هطول الأمطار خلال العام، فإن ذوات الحوافر في السافانا الاستوائية أقل عرضة للتأثر سلبًا بعواقب الاحترار العالمي على فينولوجيا الغطاء النباتي من ذوات الحوافر الشمالية التي تظهر تحكمًا دوريًا ضوئيًا أكثر صرامة في توقيت التكاثر.
PLoS ONE arrow_drop_down CGIAR CGSpace (Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research)Article . 2016License: CC BYFull-Text: https://hdl.handle.net/10568/72679Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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more_vert PLoS ONE arrow_drop_down CGIAR CGSpace (Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research)Article . 2016License: CC BYFull-Text: https://hdl.handle.net/10568/72679Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Other literature type , Journal 2017 United StatesPublisher:Public Library of Science (PLoS) Hui Tian; Hui Wang; Xiaoli Hui; Zhaohui Wang; Rhae A. Drijber; Jinshan Liu;Agricultural management methods, such as cultivation or fallowing, have led to significant changes in soil fertility and hence, crop yield. Such changes may have stemmed from changes in soil microbial communities and associated biogeochemical processes. This phenomenon is particularly true in organic-poor soil in the Loess Plateau of China. In this study, we examined three existing soil management regimes as part of a 10-year field experiment and evaluated their effects on fungal and bacterial community structures by performing high-throughput 454 pyrosequencing. These management regimes were (i) fertilized winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) (FW), (ii) continuous natural fallow with weeds but without crop grown (NF), and (iii) continuous bare fallow without weeds or crop grown (BF). After 10 years, soil organic carbon (SOC), microbial biomass carbon (MBC), and available potassium (K) concentrations were highest in NF. Soil N behaved differently, with BF obtaining the highest nitrate nitrogen (N). Meanwhile, slight differences in total N (TN) were observed among FW, NF, and BF. Available phosphorus (P) was highest and available K was lowest in FW. Microbial communities were dominated by Ascomycota (59.1% of fungal sequences), and Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, and Proteobacteria (75.7% of bacterial sequences) in FW, NF and BF at the phylum level. Soil management regimes did not affect the fungal and bacterial richness and diversity but significantly modified their community compositions. Compared with FW, the abundances of Ascomycota (fungi phylum) and Alternaria, Gibberella, and Emericella (fungi genus) were increased by NF, whereas the values of Chaetomium, Humicola, and Cryptococcus (fungi genus) were decreased by BF. The abundances of Verrucomicrobia (bacteria phylum), and Steroidobacter (bacteria genus) were increased by NF, and Bacteroides (bacteria genus) was increased by BF. Canonical correspondence analysis showed that SOC, available P, and TN might be the key factors in community formation. Therefore, the decadal absence of plants (BF) affected soil fertility by increased available K and nitrate N, whileas natural fallow (NF) affected soil fertility by increased SOC, available K, and MBC, and they all changed fungal and bacterial community compositions.
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You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1371/journal.pone.0184223&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen gold 16 citations 16 popularity Top 10% influence Average impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Other literature type , Journal 2017 United StatesPublisher:Public Library of Science (PLoS) Hui Tian; Hui Wang; Xiaoli Hui; Zhaohui Wang; Rhae A. Drijber; Jinshan Liu;Agricultural management methods, such as cultivation or fallowing, have led to significant changes in soil fertility and hence, crop yield. Such changes may have stemmed from changes in soil microbial communities and associated biogeochemical processes. This phenomenon is particularly true in organic-poor soil in the Loess Plateau of China. In this study, we examined three existing soil management regimes as part of a 10-year field experiment and evaluated their effects on fungal and bacterial community structures by performing high-throughput 454 pyrosequencing. These management regimes were (i) fertilized winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) (FW), (ii) continuous natural fallow with weeds but without crop grown (NF), and (iii) continuous bare fallow without weeds or crop grown (BF). After 10 years, soil organic carbon (SOC), microbial biomass carbon (MBC), and available potassium (K) concentrations were highest in NF. Soil N behaved differently, with BF obtaining the highest nitrate nitrogen (N). Meanwhile, slight differences in total N (TN) were observed among FW, NF, and BF. Available phosphorus (P) was highest and available K was lowest in FW. Microbial communities were dominated by Ascomycota (59.1% of fungal sequences), and Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, and Proteobacteria (75.7% of bacterial sequences) in FW, NF and BF at the phylum level. Soil management regimes did not affect the fungal and bacterial richness and diversity but significantly modified their community compositions. Compared with FW, the abundances of Ascomycota (fungi phylum) and Alternaria, Gibberella, and Emericella (fungi genus) were increased by NF, whereas the values of Chaetomium, Humicola, and Cryptococcus (fungi genus) were decreased by BF. The abundances of Verrucomicrobia (bacteria phylum), and Steroidobacter (bacteria genus) were increased by NF, and Bacteroides (bacteria genus) was increased by BF. Canonical correspondence analysis showed that SOC, available P, and TN might be the key factors in community formation. Therefore, the decadal absence of plants (BF) affected soil fertility by increased available K and nitrate N, whileas natural fallow (NF) affected soil fertility by increased SOC, available K, and MBC, and they all changed fungal and bacterial community compositions.
add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen gold 16 citations 16 popularity Top 10% influence Average impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!
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You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Other literature type 2022Publisher:Public Library of Science (PLoS) Nguyễn Văn Thành; Koki Maeda; Yukiko Nishimura; Trinh Thi Hong Nguyen; Kinh Van La; Nguyen Duc Dien; Tomoyuki Suzuki;pmid: 35294462
pmc: PMC8926181
Livestock manure and its management are significant sources of greenhouse gas (GHG). In most Southeast Asian countries, the current GHG emissions are estimated by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Tier 1 approach using default emission factors. Sun-drying is the dominant manure treatment in Vietnam, and in this study, we measured GHG emissions during manure drying using a chamber-based approach. Results show the emission factors for CH4and N2O were 0.295 ± 0.078 g kg−1volatile solids (VS) and 0.132 ± 0.136 g N2O-N kg−1Ninitial, respectively. We monitored the total bacterial/archaeal community using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and measured the abundance of functional genes required for methanogenesis (mcrA), nitrification (amoA) and denitrification (nirK,nirSandnosZ) processes. Methane emission occurred only at the beginning of the drying process (days 1 to 3). The results of amplicon sequencing indicated that the relative abundance of methanogens also decreased during this period. Although some nitrification activity was detected, there was no significant N2O emission. These findings well describe the manure management system in south Vietnam and the GHG emission from this manure category, paving the way for higher Tier estimations using country-specific values.
add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1371/journal.pone.0264228&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen gold 2 citations 2 popularity Top 10% influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!
more_vert add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1371/journal.pone.0264228&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Other literature type 2022Publisher:Public Library of Science (PLoS) Nguyễn Văn Thành; Koki Maeda; Yukiko Nishimura; Trinh Thi Hong Nguyen; Kinh Van La; Nguyen Duc Dien; Tomoyuki Suzuki;pmid: 35294462
pmc: PMC8926181
Livestock manure and its management are significant sources of greenhouse gas (GHG). In most Southeast Asian countries, the current GHG emissions are estimated by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Tier 1 approach using default emission factors. Sun-drying is the dominant manure treatment in Vietnam, and in this study, we measured GHG emissions during manure drying using a chamber-based approach. Results show the emission factors for CH4and N2O were 0.295 ± 0.078 g kg−1volatile solids (VS) and 0.132 ± 0.136 g N2O-N kg−1Ninitial, respectively. We monitored the total bacterial/archaeal community using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and measured the abundance of functional genes required for methanogenesis (mcrA), nitrification (amoA) and denitrification (nirK,nirSandnosZ) processes. Methane emission occurred only at the beginning of the drying process (days 1 to 3). The results of amplicon sequencing indicated that the relative abundance of methanogens also decreased during this period. Although some nitrification activity was detected, there was no significant N2O emission. These findings well describe the manure management system in south Vietnam and the GHG emission from this manure category, paving the way for higher Tier estimations using country-specific values.
add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1371/journal.pone.0264228&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen gold 2 citations 2 popularity Top 10% influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!
more_vert add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1371/journal.pone.0264228&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Other literature type , Journal 2017 FrancePublisher:Public Library of Science (PLoS) Glato Kodjo; Atsou Aïdam; Ndjido Ardo Kane; Diallo Bassirou; Marie Couderc; Leïla Zekraoui; Nora Scarcelli; Adéline Barnaud; Yves Vigouroux;pmid: 28552989
pmc: PMC5446114
L'agriculture subsaharienne a été identifiée comme vulnérable au changement climatique en cours. L'adaptation de l'agriculture a été suggérée comme un moyen de maintenir la productivité. Une meilleure connaissance de la diversité intra-spécifique des variétés est une condition préalable à la bonne gestion de cette adaptation. Parmi les cultures, les racines et les tubercules jouent un rôle important dans la sécurité alimentaire et la croissance économique des populations les plus vulnérables d'Afrique. Ici, nous nous concentrons sur la patate douce. La patate douce (Ipomoea batatas) a été domestiquée en Amérique centrale et en Amérique du Sud et a ensuite été introduite en Afrique et est maintenant cultivée dans toute l'Afrique tropicale. Nous avons évalué sa diversité en Afrique de l'Ouest en échantillonnant une région s'étendant de la zone côtière du Togo à la région septentrionale sahélienne du Sénégal qui représente une gamme de conditions climatiques. À l'aide de 12 marqueurs microsatellites, nous avons évalué 132 variétés le long de ce gradient. Des données phénotypiques issues d'essais sur le terrain menés en trois saisons ont également été obtenues. La diversité génétique en Afrique de l'Ouest s'est avérée inférieure de 18 % à celle des États-Unis. La diversité génétique en Afrique de l'Ouest est structurée en cinq groupes, certains groupes se trouvant dans des zones climatiques très spécifiques, par exemple sous un climat tropical humide ou sous un climat sahélien. Nous avons également observé des groupes génétiques qui se produisent dans un plus large éventail de climats. Les groupes génétiques ont également été associés à la différenciation morphologique, principalement la forme des feuilles et la couleur de la tige ou de la racine. Cette structure particulière de la diversité le long d'un gradient climatique avec association à la variabilité phénotypique peut être utilisée pour des stratégies de conservation. S'il s'avère qu'une telle structure est associée à une adaptation climatique spécifique, elle permettra également de développer des stratégies pour adapter l'agriculture aux variations climatiques en cours en Afrique de l'Ouest. La agricultura subsahariana ha sido identificada como vulnerable al cambio climático en curso. Se ha sugerido la adaptación de la agricultura como una forma de mantener la productividad. Un mejor conocimiento de la diversidad intraespecífica de variedades es un requisito previo para el manejo exitoso de dicha adaptación. Entre los cultivos, la raíz y los tubérculos desempeñan un papel importante en la seguridad alimentaria y el crecimiento económico de las poblaciones más vulnerables de África. Aquí, nos centramos en la batata. La batata (Ipomoea batatas) se domesticó en América Central y del Sur y más tarde se introdujo en África y ahora se cultiva en toda el África tropical. Evaluamos su diversidad en África Occidental mediante el muestreo de una región que se extiende desde la zona costera de Togo hasta la región septentrional del Sahel en Senegal y que representa una variedad de condiciones climáticas. Utilizando 12 marcadores de microsatélites, evaluamos 132 variedades a lo largo de este gradiente. También se obtuvieron datos fenotípicos de ensayos de campo realizados en tres temporadas. Se encontró que la diversidad genética en África Occidental era un 18% menor que en América. La diversidad genética en África Occidental se estructura en cinco grupos, y algunos grupos se encuentran en áreas climáticas muy específicas, por ejemplo, en un clima tropical húmedo o en un clima saheliano. También observamos grupos genéticos que se producen en una gama más amplia de climas. Los grupos genéticos también se asociaron con la diferenciación morfológica, principalmente la forma de las hojas y el color del tallo o raíz. Esta estructura particular de diversidad a lo largo de un gradiente climático con asociación a la variabilidad fenotípica se puede utilizar para estrategias de conservación. Si se demuestra que dicha estructura está asociada con una adaptación climática específica, también permitirá desarrollar estrategias para adaptar la agricultura a la variación climática en curso en África Occidental. Sub-Saharan agriculture has been identified as vulnerable to ongoing climate change. Adaptation of agriculture has been suggested as a way to maintain productivity. Better knowledge of intra-specific diversity of varieties is prerequisites for the successful management of such adaptation. Among crops, root and tubers play important roles in food security and economic growth for the most vulnerable populations in Africa. Here, we focus on the sweet potato. The Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) was domesticated in Central and South America and was later introduced into Africa and is now cultivated throughout tropical Africa. We evaluated its diversity in West Africa by sampling a region extending from the coastal area of Togo to the northern Sahelian region of Senegal that represents a range of climatic conditions. Using 12 microsatellite markers, we evaluated 132 varieties along this gradient. Phenotypic data from field trials conducted in three seasons was also obtained. Genetic diversity in West Africa was found to be 18% lower than in America. Genetic diversity in West Africa is structured into five groups, with some groups found in very specific climatic areas, e.g. under a tropical humid climate, or under a Sahelian climate. We also observed genetic groups that occur in a wider range of climates. The genetic groups were also associated with morphological differentiation, mainly the shape of the leaves and the color of the stem or root. This particular structure of diversity along a climatic gradient with association to phenotypic variability can be used for conservation strategies. If such structure is proved to be associated with specific climatic adaptation, it will also allow developing strategies to adapt agriculture to ongoing climate variation in West Africa. تم تحديد الزراعة في جنوب الصحراء على أنها عرضة لتغير المناخ المستمر. تم اقتراح تكييف الزراعة كوسيلة للحفاظ على الإنتاجية. إن المعرفة الأفضل بتنوع الأصناف داخل الأنواع هو شرط أساسي للإدارة الناجحة لهذا التكيف. من بين المحاصيل، تلعب الجذور والدرنات أدوارًا مهمة في الأمن الغذائي والنمو الاقتصادي للفئات السكانية الأكثر ضعفًا في أفريقيا. هنا، نركز على البطاطا الحلوة. تم تدجين البطاطا الحلوة (إيبومويا باتاتاس) في أمريكا الوسطى والجنوبية وتم إدخالها لاحقًا إلى إفريقيا ويتم زراعتها الآن في جميع أنحاء إفريقيا الاستوائية. قمنا بتقييم تنوعها في غرب إفريقيا من خلال أخذ عينات من منطقة تمتد من المنطقة الساحلية لتوغو إلى منطقة الساحل الشمالي للسنغال التي تمثل مجموعة من الظروف المناخية. باستخدام 12 علامة للأقمار الصناعية الصغيرة، قمنا بتقييم 132 نوعًا على طول هذا التدرج. كما تم الحصول على بيانات النمط الظاهري من التجارب الميدانية التي أجريت في ثلاثة مواسم. وجد أن التنوع الوراثي في غرب إفريقيا أقل بنسبة 18 ٪ منه في أمريكا. ينقسم التنوع الوراثي في غرب أفريقيا إلى خمس مجموعات، حيث توجد بعض المجموعات في مناطق مناخية محددة للغاية، على سبيل المثال في ظل مناخ استوائي رطب، أو في ظل مناخ الساحل. لاحظنا أيضًا المجموعات الوراثية التي تحدث في مجموعة واسعة من المناخات. ارتبطت المجموعات الوراثية أيضًا بالتمايز المورفولوجي، بشكل أساسي شكل الأوراق ولون الجذع أو الجذر. يمكن استخدام هذا الهيكل الخاص للتنوع على طول التدرج المناخي مع الارتباط بالتغير الظاهري لاستراتيجيات الحفظ. إذا ثبت أن هذا الهيكل مرتبط بتكيف مناخي محدد، فسيسمح أيضًا بتطوير استراتيجيات لتكييف الزراعة مع التقلبات المناخية المستمرة في غرب إفريقيا.
CIRAD: HAL (Agricult... arrow_drop_down CIRAD: HAL (Agricultural Research for Development)Article . 2017Full-Text: https://hal.umontpellier.fr/hal-03344108Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen gold 29 citations 29 popularity Top 10% influence Top 10% impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!
more_vert CIRAD: HAL (Agricult... arrow_drop_down CIRAD: HAL (Agricultural Research for Development)Article . 2017Full-Text: https://hal.umontpellier.fr/hal-03344108Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Other literature type , Journal 2017 FrancePublisher:Public Library of Science (PLoS) Glato Kodjo; Atsou Aïdam; Ndjido Ardo Kane; Diallo Bassirou; Marie Couderc; Leïla Zekraoui; Nora Scarcelli; Adéline Barnaud; Yves Vigouroux;pmid: 28552989
pmc: PMC5446114
L'agriculture subsaharienne a été identifiée comme vulnérable au changement climatique en cours. L'adaptation de l'agriculture a été suggérée comme un moyen de maintenir la productivité. Une meilleure connaissance de la diversité intra-spécifique des variétés est une condition préalable à la bonne gestion de cette adaptation. Parmi les cultures, les racines et les tubercules jouent un rôle important dans la sécurité alimentaire et la croissance économique des populations les plus vulnérables d'Afrique. Ici, nous nous concentrons sur la patate douce. La patate douce (Ipomoea batatas) a été domestiquée en Amérique centrale et en Amérique du Sud et a ensuite été introduite en Afrique et est maintenant cultivée dans toute l'Afrique tropicale. Nous avons évalué sa diversité en Afrique de l'Ouest en échantillonnant une région s'étendant de la zone côtière du Togo à la région septentrionale sahélienne du Sénégal qui représente une gamme de conditions climatiques. À l'aide de 12 marqueurs microsatellites, nous avons évalué 132 variétés le long de ce gradient. Des données phénotypiques issues d'essais sur le terrain menés en trois saisons ont également été obtenues. La diversité génétique en Afrique de l'Ouest s'est avérée inférieure de 18 % à celle des États-Unis. La diversité génétique en Afrique de l'Ouest est structurée en cinq groupes, certains groupes se trouvant dans des zones climatiques très spécifiques, par exemple sous un climat tropical humide ou sous un climat sahélien. Nous avons également observé des groupes génétiques qui se produisent dans un plus large éventail de climats. Les groupes génétiques ont également été associés à la différenciation morphologique, principalement la forme des feuilles et la couleur de la tige ou de la racine. Cette structure particulière de la diversité le long d'un gradient climatique avec association à la variabilité phénotypique peut être utilisée pour des stratégies de conservation. S'il s'avère qu'une telle structure est associée à une adaptation climatique spécifique, elle permettra également de développer des stratégies pour adapter l'agriculture aux variations climatiques en cours en Afrique de l'Ouest. La agricultura subsahariana ha sido identificada como vulnerable al cambio climático en curso. Se ha sugerido la adaptación de la agricultura como una forma de mantener la productividad. Un mejor conocimiento de la diversidad intraespecífica de variedades es un requisito previo para el manejo exitoso de dicha adaptación. Entre los cultivos, la raíz y los tubérculos desempeñan un papel importante en la seguridad alimentaria y el crecimiento económico de las poblaciones más vulnerables de África. Aquí, nos centramos en la batata. La batata (Ipomoea batatas) se domesticó en América Central y del Sur y más tarde se introdujo en África y ahora se cultiva en toda el África tropical. Evaluamos su diversidad en África Occidental mediante el muestreo de una región que se extiende desde la zona costera de Togo hasta la región septentrional del Sahel en Senegal y que representa una variedad de condiciones climáticas. Utilizando 12 marcadores de microsatélites, evaluamos 132 variedades a lo largo de este gradiente. También se obtuvieron datos fenotípicos de ensayos de campo realizados en tres temporadas. Se encontró que la diversidad genética en África Occidental era un 18% menor que en América. La diversidad genética en África Occidental se estructura en cinco grupos, y algunos grupos se encuentran en áreas climáticas muy específicas, por ejemplo, en un clima tropical húmedo o en un clima saheliano. También observamos grupos genéticos que se producen en una gama más amplia de climas. Los grupos genéticos también se asociaron con la diferenciación morfológica, principalmente la forma de las hojas y el color del tallo o raíz. Esta estructura particular de diversidad a lo largo de un gradiente climático con asociación a la variabilidad fenotípica se puede utilizar para estrategias de conservación. Si se demuestra que dicha estructura está asociada con una adaptación climática específica, también permitirá desarrollar estrategias para adaptar la agricultura a la variación climática en curso en África Occidental. Sub-Saharan agriculture has been identified as vulnerable to ongoing climate change. Adaptation of agriculture has been suggested as a way to maintain productivity. Better knowledge of intra-specific diversity of varieties is prerequisites for the successful management of such adaptation. Among crops, root and tubers play important roles in food security and economic growth for the most vulnerable populations in Africa. Here, we focus on the sweet potato. The Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) was domesticated in Central and South America and was later introduced into Africa and is now cultivated throughout tropical Africa. We evaluated its diversity in West Africa by sampling a region extending from the coastal area of Togo to the northern Sahelian region of Senegal that represents a range of climatic conditions. Using 12 microsatellite markers, we evaluated 132 varieties along this gradient. Phenotypic data from field trials conducted in three seasons was also obtained. Genetic diversity in West Africa was found to be 18% lower than in America. Genetic diversity in West Africa is structured into five groups, with some groups found in very specific climatic areas, e.g. under a tropical humid climate, or under a Sahelian climate. We also observed genetic groups that occur in a wider range of climates. The genetic groups were also associated with morphological differentiation, mainly the shape of the leaves and the color of the stem or root. This particular structure of diversity along a climatic gradient with association to phenotypic variability can be used for conservation strategies. If such structure is proved to be associated with specific climatic adaptation, it will also allow developing strategies to adapt agriculture to ongoing climate variation in West Africa. تم تحديد الزراعة في جنوب الصحراء على أنها عرضة لتغير المناخ المستمر. تم اقتراح تكييف الزراعة كوسيلة للحفاظ على الإنتاجية. إن المعرفة الأفضل بتنوع الأصناف داخل الأنواع هو شرط أساسي للإدارة الناجحة لهذا التكيف. من بين المحاصيل، تلعب الجذور والدرنات أدوارًا مهمة في الأمن الغذائي والنمو الاقتصادي للفئات السكانية الأكثر ضعفًا في أفريقيا. هنا، نركز على البطاطا الحلوة. تم تدجين البطاطا الحلوة (إيبومويا باتاتاس) في أمريكا الوسطى والجنوبية وتم إدخالها لاحقًا إلى إفريقيا ويتم زراعتها الآن في جميع أنحاء إفريقيا الاستوائية. قمنا بتقييم تنوعها في غرب إفريقيا من خلال أخذ عينات من منطقة تمتد من المنطقة الساحلية لتوغو إلى منطقة الساحل الشمالي للسنغال التي تمثل مجموعة من الظروف المناخية. باستخدام 12 علامة للأقمار الصناعية الصغيرة، قمنا بتقييم 132 نوعًا على طول هذا التدرج. كما تم الحصول على بيانات النمط الظاهري من التجارب الميدانية التي أجريت في ثلاثة مواسم. وجد أن التنوع الوراثي في غرب إفريقيا أقل بنسبة 18 ٪ منه في أمريكا. ينقسم التنوع الوراثي في غرب أفريقيا إلى خمس مجموعات، حيث توجد بعض المجموعات في مناطق مناخية محددة للغاية، على سبيل المثال في ظل مناخ استوائي رطب، أو في ظل مناخ الساحل. لاحظنا أيضًا المجموعات الوراثية التي تحدث في مجموعة واسعة من المناخات. ارتبطت المجموعات الوراثية أيضًا بالتمايز المورفولوجي، بشكل أساسي شكل الأوراق ولون الجذع أو الجذر. يمكن استخدام هذا الهيكل الخاص للتنوع على طول التدرج المناخي مع الارتباط بالتغير الظاهري لاستراتيجيات الحفظ. إذا ثبت أن هذا الهيكل مرتبط بتكيف مناخي محدد، فسيسمح أيضًا بتطوير استراتيجيات لتكييف الزراعة مع التقلبات المناخية المستمرة في غرب إفريقيا.
CIRAD: HAL (Agricult... arrow_drop_down CIRAD: HAL (Agricultural Research for Development)Article . 2017Full-Text: https://hal.umontpellier.fr/hal-03344108Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1371/journal.pone.0177697&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen gold 29 citations 29 popularity Top 10% influence Top 10% impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!
more_vert CIRAD: HAL (Agricult... arrow_drop_down CIRAD: HAL (Agricultural Research for Development)Article . 2017Full-Text: https://hal.umontpellier.fr/hal-03344108Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1371/journal.pone.0177697&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Conference object , Other literature type , Journal 2015Publisher:Public Library of Science (PLoS) Authors: Zoran Nikoloski; Max Sajitz-Hermstein; Anne Arnold;Plants as sessile organisms cannot escape their environment and have to adapt to any changes in the availability of sunlight and nutrients. The quantification of synthesis costs of metabolites, in terms of consumed energy, is a prerequisite to understand trade-offs arising from energetic limitations. Here, we examine the energy consumption of amino acid synthesis in Arabidopsis thaliana. To quantify these costs in terms of the energy equivalent ATP, we introduce an improved cost measure based on flux balance analysis and apply it to three state-of-the-art metabolic reconstructions to ensure robust results. We present the first systematic in silico analysis of the effect of nitrogen supply (nitrate/ammonium) on individual amino acid synthesis costs as well as of the effect of photoautotrophic and heterotrophic growth conditions, integrating day/night-specific regulation. Our results identify nitrogen supply as a key determinant of amino acid costs, in agreement with experimental evidence. In addition, the association of the determined costs with experimentally observed growth patterns suggests that metabolite synthesis costs are involved in shaping regulation of plant growth. Finally, we find that simultaneous uptake of both nitrogen sources can lead to efficient utilization of energy source, which may be the result of evolutionary optimization.
add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1371/journal.pone.0116536&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen gold 27 citations 27 popularity Top 10% influence Top 10% impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!
more_vert add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1371/journal.pone.0116536&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Conference object , Other literature type , Journal 2015Publisher:Public Library of Science (PLoS) Authors: Zoran Nikoloski; Max Sajitz-Hermstein; Anne Arnold;Plants as sessile organisms cannot escape their environment and have to adapt to any changes in the availability of sunlight and nutrients. The quantification of synthesis costs of metabolites, in terms of consumed energy, is a prerequisite to understand trade-offs arising from energetic limitations. Here, we examine the energy consumption of amino acid synthesis in Arabidopsis thaliana. To quantify these costs in terms of the energy equivalent ATP, we introduce an improved cost measure based on flux balance analysis and apply it to three state-of-the-art metabolic reconstructions to ensure robust results. We present the first systematic in silico analysis of the effect of nitrogen supply (nitrate/ammonium) on individual amino acid synthesis costs as well as of the effect of photoautotrophic and heterotrophic growth conditions, integrating day/night-specific regulation. Our results identify nitrogen supply as a key determinant of amino acid costs, in agreement with experimental evidence. In addition, the association of the determined costs with experimentally observed growth patterns suggests that metabolite synthesis costs are involved in shaping regulation of plant growth. Finally, we find that simultaneous uptake of both nitrogen sources can lead to efficient utilization of energy source, which may be the result of evolutionary optimization.
add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1371/journal.pone.0116536&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen gold 27 citations 27 popularity Top 10% influence Top 10% impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!
more_vert add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1371/journal.pone.0116536&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Other literature type , Journal 2014Publisher:Public Library of Science (PLoS) Jianbin Yan; Peipei Li; Ran Du; Quanzhou Feng; Sandra P. Chang; Lei Zhang; Shizhong Li;The rising demand for bioethanol, the most common alternative to petroleum-derived fuel used worldwide, has encouraged a feedstock shift to non-food crops to reduce the competition for resources between food and energy production. Sweet sorghum has become one of the most promising non-food energy crops because of its high output and strong adaptive ability. However, the means by which sweet sorghum stalks can be cost-effectively utilized for ethanol fermentation in large-scale industrial production and commercialization remains unclear. In this study, we identified a novel Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain, TSH1, from the soil in which sweet sorghum stalks were stored. This strain exhibited excellent ethanol fermentative capacity and ability to withstand stressful solid-state fermentation conditions. Furthermore, we gradually scaled up from a 500-mL flask to a 127-m3 rotary-drum fermenter and eventually constructed a 550-m3 rotary-drum fermentation system to establish an efficient industrial fermentation platform based on TSH1. The batch fermentations were completed in less than 20 hours, with up to 96 tons of crushed sweet sorghum stalks in the 550-m3 fermenter reaching 88% of relative theoretical ethanol yield (RTEY). These results collectively demonstrate that ethanol solid-state fermentation technology can be a highly efficient and low-cost solution for utilizing sweet sorghum, providing a feasible and economical means of developing non-food bioethanol.
add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1371/journal.pone.0094480&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen gold 25 citations 25 popularity Top 10% influence Top 10% impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!
more_vert add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1371/journal.pone.0094480&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Other literature type , Journal 2014Publisher:Public Library of Science (PLoS) Jianbin Yan; Peipei Li; Ran Du; Quanzhou Feng; Sandra P. Chang; Lei Zhang; Shizhong Li;The rising demand for bioethanol, the most common alternative to petroleum-derived fuel used worldwide, has encouraged a feedstock shift to non-food crops to reduce the competition for resources between food and energy production. Sweet sorghum has become one of the most promising non-food energy crops because of its high output and strong adaptive ability. However, the means by which sweet sorghum stalks can be cost-effectively utilized for ethanol fermentation in large-scale industrial production and commercialization remains unclear. In this study, we identified a novel Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain, TSH1, from the soil in which sweet sorghum stalks were stored. This strain exhibited excellent ethanol fermentative capacity and ability to withstand stressful solid-state fermentation conditions. Furthermore, we gradually scaled up from a 500-mL flask to a 127-m3 rotary-drum fermenter and eventually constructed a 550-m3 rotary-drum fermentation system to establish an efficient industrial fermentation platform based on TSH1. The batch fermentations were completed in less than 20 hours, with up to 96 tons of crushed sweet sorghum stalks in the 550-m3 fermenter reaching 88% of relative theoretical ethanol yield (RTEY). These results collectively demonstrate that ethanol solid-state fermentation technology can be a highly efficient and low-cost solution for utilizing sweet sorghum, providing a feasible and economical means of developing non-food bioethanol.
add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1371/journal.pone.0094480&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen gold 25 citations 25 popularity Top 10% influence Top 10% impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!
more_vert add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1371/journal.pone.0094480&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Other literature type , Journal 2012 United States, SwitzerlandPublisher:Public Library of Science (PLoS) Funded by:NSF | Collaborative Research: D...NSF| Collaborative Research: Distribution and Dynamics of Belowground Carbon in SavannasPaolo D'Odorico; Paolo D'Odorico; Danielle Perrot; Abinash Bhattachan; Frances C. O'Donnell; Susan Ringrose; Kelly K. Caylor; Mokganedi Tatlhego; Kebonye Dintwe; Kebonye Dintwe; Gregory S. Okin;The contribution of savannas to global carbon storage is poorly understood, in part due to lack of knowledge of the amount of belowground biomass. In these ecosystems, the coexistence of woody and herbaceous life forms is often explained on the basis of belowground interactions among roots. However, the distribution of root biomass in savannas has seldom been investigated, and the dependence of root biomass on rainfall regime remains unclear, particularly for woody plants. Here we investigate patterns of belowground woody biomass along a rainfall gradient in the Kalahari of southern Africa, a region with consistent sandy soils. We test the hypotheses that (1) the root depth increases with mean annual precipitation (root optimality and plant hydrotropism hypothesis), and (2) the root-to-shoot ratio increases with decreasing mean annual rainfall (functional equilibrium hypothesis). Both hypotheses have been previously assessed for herbaceous vegetation using global root data sets. Our data do not support these hypotheses for the case of woody plants in savannas. We find that in the Kalahari, the root profiles of woody plants do not become deeper with increasing mean annual precipitation, whereas the root-to-shoot ratios decrease along a gradient of increasing aridity.
University of Califo... arrow_drop_down University of California: eScholarshipArticle . 2012License: CC BYFull-Text: https://escholarship.org/uc/item/53h8g89qData sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)eScholarship - University of CaliforniaArticle . 2012Data sources: eScholarship - University of Californiaadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1371/journal.pone.0033996&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen gold 35 citations 35 popularity Top 10% influence Top 10% impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!
more_vert University of Califo... arrow_drop_down University of California: eScholarshipArticle . 2012License: CC BYFull-Text: https://escholarship.org/uc/item/53h8g89qData sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)eScholarship - University of CaliforniaArticle . 2012Data sources: eScholarship - University of Californiaadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1371/journal.pone.0033996&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Other literature type , Journal 2012 United States, SwitzerlandPublisher:Public Library of Science (PLoS) Funded by:NSF | Collaborative Research: D...NSF| Collaborative Research: Distribution and Dynamics of Belowground Carbon in SavannasPaolo D'Odorico; Paolo D'Odorico; Danielle Perrot; Abinash Bhattachan; Frances C. O'Donnell; Susan Ringrose; Kelly K. Caylor; Mokganedi Tatlhego; Kebonye Dintwe; Kebonye Dintwe; Gregory S. Okin;The contribution of savannas to global carbon storage is poorly understood, in part due to lack of knowledge of the amount of belowground biomass. In these ecosystems, the coexistence of woody and herbaceous life forms is often explained on the basis of belowground interactions among roots. However, the distribution of root biomass in savannas has seldom been investigated, and the dependence of root biomass on rainfall regime remains unclear, particularly for woody plants. Here we investigate patterns of belowground woody biomass along a rainfall gradient in the Kalahari of southern Africa, a region with consistent sandy soils. We test the hypotheses that (1) the root depth increases with mean annual precipitation (root optimality and plant hydrotropism hypothesis), and (2) the root-to-shoot ratio increases with decreasing mean annual rainfall (functional equilibrium hypothesis). Both hypotheses have been previously assessed for herbaceous vegetation using global root data sets. Our data do not support these hypotheses for the case of woody plants in savannas. We find that in the Kalahari, the root profiles of woody plants do not become deeper with increasing mean annual precipitation, whereas the root-to-shoot ratios decrease along a gradient of increasing aridity.
University of Califo... arrow_drop_down University of California: eScholarshipArticle . 2012License: CC BYFull-Text: https://escholarship.org/uc/item/53h8g89qData sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)eScholarship - University of CaliforniaArticle . 2012Data sources: eScholarship - University of Californiaadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1371/journal.pone.0033996&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen gold 35 citations 35 popularity Top 10% influence Top 10% impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!
more_vert University of Califo... arrow_drop_down University of California: eScholarshipArticle . 2012License: CC BYFull-Text: https://escholarship.org/uc/item/53h8g89qData sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)eScholarship - University of CaliforniaArticle . 2012Data sources: eScholarship - University of Californiaadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1371/journal.pone.0033996&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Other literature type , Journal 2013Publisher:Public Library of Science (PLoS) Tamotsu Hoshino; Tamotsu Hoshino; Akinori Matsushika; Atsushi Nagashima; Tetsuya Goshima;In the present study, comprehensive, quantitative metabolome analysis was carried out on the recombinant glucose/xylose-cofermenting S. cerevisiae strain MA-R4 during fermentation with different carbon sources, including glucose, xylose, or glucose/xylose mixtures. Capillary electrophoresis time-of-flight mass spectrometry was used to determine the intracellular pools of metabolites from the central carbon pathways, energy metabolism pathways, and the levels of twenty amino acids. When xylose instead of glucose was metabolized by MA-R4, glycolytic metabolites including 3- phosphoglycerate, 2- phosphoglycerate, phosphoenolpyruvate, and pyruvate were dramatically reduced, while conversely, most pentose phosphate pathway metabolites such as sedoheptulose 7- phosphate and ribulose 5-phosphate were greatly increased. These results suggest that the low metabolic activity of glycolysis and the pool of pentose phosphate pathway intermediates are potential limiting factors in xylose utilization. It was further demonstrated that during xylose fermentation, about half of the twenty amino acids declined, and the adenylate/guanylate energy charge was impacted due to markedly decreased adenosine triphosphate/adenosine monophosphate and guanosine triphosphate/guanosine monophosphate ratios, implying that the fermentation of xylose leads to an inefficient metabolic state where the biosynthetic capabilities and energy balance are severely impaired. In addition, fermentation with xylose alone drastically increased the level of citrate in the tricarboxylic acid cycle and increased the aromatic amino acids tryptophan and tyrosine, strongly supporting the view that carbon starvation was induced. Interestingly, fermentation with xylose alone also increased the synthesis of the polyamine spermidine and its precursor S-adenosylmethionine. Thus, differences in carbon substrates, including glucose and xylose in the fermentation medium, strongly influenced the dynamic metabolism of MA-R4. These results provide a metabolic explanation for the low ethanol productivity on xylose compared to glucose.
add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1371/journal.pone.0069005&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen gold 48 citations 48 popularity Top 10% influence Top 10% impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!
more_vert add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1371/journal.pone.0069005&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Other literature type , Journal 2013Publisher:Public Library of Science (PLoS) Tamotsu Hoshino; Tamotsu Hoshino; Akinori Matsushika; Atsushi Nagashima; Tetsuya Goshima;In the present study, comprehensive, quantitative metabolome analysis was carried out on the recombinant glucose/xylose-cofermenting S. cerevisiae strain MA-R4 during fermentation with different carbon sources, including glucose, xylose, or glucose/xylose mixtures. Capillary electrophoresis time-of-flight mass spectrometry was used to determine the intracellular pools of metabolites from the central carbon pathways, energy metabolism pathways, and the levels of twenty amino acids. When xylose instead of glucose was metabolized by MA-R4, glycolytic metabolites including 3- phosphoglycerate, 2- phosphoglycerate, phosphoenolpyruvate, and pyruvate were dramatically reduced, while conversely, most pentose phosphate pathway metabolites such as sedoheptulose 7- phosphate and ribulose 5-phosphate were greatly increased. These results suggest that the low metabolic activity of glycolysis and the pool of pentose phosphate pathway intermediates are potential limiting factors in xylose utilization. It was further demonstrated that during xylose fermentation, about half of the twenty amino acids declined, and the adenylate/guanylate energy charge was impacted due to markedly decreased adenosine triphosphate/adenosine monophosphate and guanosine triphosphate/guanosine monophosphate ratios, implying that the fermentation of xylose leads to an inefficient metabolic state where the biosynthetic capabilities and energy balance are severely impaired. In addition, fermentation with xylose alone drastically increased the level of citrate in the tricarboxylic acid cycle and increased the aromatic amino acids tryptophan and tyrosine, strongly supporting the view that carbon starvation was induced. Interestingly, fermentation with xylose alone also increased the synthesis of the polyamine spermidine and its precursor S-adenosylmethionine. Thus, differences in carbon substrates, including glucose and xylose in the fermentation medium, strongly influenced the dynamic metabolism of MA-R4. These results provide a metabolic explanation for the low ethanol productivity on xylose compared to glucose.
add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1371/journal.pone.0069005&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen gold 48 citations 48 popularity Top 10% influence Top 10% impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!
more_vert add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1371/journal.pone.0069005&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Other literature type , Journal 2018Publisher:Public Library of Science (PLoS) Ping Pan; Fang Zhao; Jinkui Ning; Ling Zhang; Xunzhi Ouyang; Hao Zang;Understory vegetation plays a vital role in regulating soil carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) characteristics due to differences in plant functional traits. Different understory vegetation types have been reported following aerial seeding. While aerial seeding is common in areas with serious soil erosion, few studies have been conducted to investigate changes in soil C and N cycling as affected by understory vegetation in aerially seeded plantations. Here, we studied soil C and N characteristics under two naturally formed understory vegetation types (Dicranopteris and graminoid) in aerially seeded Pinus massoniana Lamb plantations. Across the two studied understory vegetation types, soil organic C was significantly correlated with all measured soil N variables, including total N, available N, microbial biomass N and water-soluble organic N, while microbial biomass C was correlated with all measured variables except soil organic C. Dicranopteris and graminoid differed in their effects on soil C and N process. Except water-soluble organic C, all the other C and N variables were higher in soils with graminoids. The higher levels of soil organic C, microbial biomass C, total N, available N, microbial biomass N and water-soluble organic N were consistent with the higher litter and root quality (C/N) of graminoid vegetation compared to Dicranopteris. Changes in soil C and N cycles might be impacted by understory vegetation types via differences in litter or root quality.
add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1371/journal.pone.0191952&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen gold 30 citations 30 popularity Top 10% influence Top 10% impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!
more_vert add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1371/journal.pone.0191952&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Other literature type , Journal 2018Publisher:Public Library of Science (PLoS) Ping Pan; Fang Zhao; Jinkui Ning; Ling Zhang; Xunzhi Ouyang; Hao Zang;Understory vegetation plays a vital role in regulating soil carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) characteristics due to differences in plant functional traits. Different understory vegetation types have been reported following aerial seeding. While aerial seeding is common in areas with serious soil erosion, few studies have been conducted to investigate changes in soil C and N cycling as affected by understory vegetation in aerially seeded plantations. Here, we studied soil C and N characteristics under two naturally formed understory vegetation types (Dicranopteris and graminoid) in aerially seeded Pinus massoniana Lamb plantations. Across the two studied understory vegetation types, soil organic C was significantly correlated with all measured soil N variables, including total N, available N, microbial biomass N and water-soluble organic N, while microbial biomass C was correlated with all measured variables except soil organic C. Dicranopteris and graminoid differed in their effects on soil C and N process. Except water-soluble organic C, all the other C and N variables were higher in soils with graminoids. The higher levels of soil organic C, microbial biomass C, total N, available N, microbial biomass N and water-soluble organic N were consistent with the higher litter and root quality (C/N) of graminoid vegetation compared to Dicranopteris. Changes in soil C and N cycles might be impacted by understory vegetation types via differences in litter or root quality.
add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1371/journal.pone.0191952&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen gold 30 citations 30 popularity Top 10% influence Top 10% impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!
more_vert add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1371/journal.pone.0191952&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Other literature type , Journal 2018 France, South AfricaPublisher:Public Library of Science (PLoS) Régis Babin; Régis Babin; Abdelmutalab G.A. Azrag; Abdelmutalab G.A. Azrag; Abdelmutalab G.A. Azrag; Saliou Niassy; Gladys Mosomtai; Fabrice Pinard; Abdullahi Ahmed Yusuf; Christian Walter Werner Pirk;Antestiopsis thunbergii (Gmelin 1790) est un ravageur majeur du café Arabica en Afrique. L'insecte préfère le café aux plus hautes altitudes, contrairement à d'autres ravageurs majeurs. Les objectifs de cette étude étaient de décrire la relation entre les populations d'A. thunbergii et l'altitude, d'élucider cette relation en utilisant nos connaissances de la biologie thermique des ravageurs et de prédire la distribution des ravageurs sous le réchauffement climatique. La densité de population d'Antestiopsis thunbergii a été évaluée dans 24 plantations de café situées le long d'un transect délimité par un gradient d'altitude compris entre 1000 et 1700 m asl, sur le mont. Kilimandjaro, Tanzanie. La densité a été évaluée pour trois saisons climatiques différentes, la saison sèche fraîche en juin 2014 et 2015, la courte saison des pluies en octobre 2014 et la saison sèche chaude en janvier 2015. La distribution des ravageurs a été prédite sur le même transect à l'aide de trois indices de risque : l'indice de risque d'établissement (ERI), l'indice de génération (GI) et l'indice d'activité (AI). Ces indices ont été calculés à l'aide de paramètres de la table de survie simulés obtenus à partir de modèles de développement dépendant de la température et de données de température provenant 1) d'enregistrements sur le terrain à l'aide d'enregistreurs de données déployés sur le transect et 2) de prédictions pour l'année 2055 extraites de la base de données AFRICLIM. La densité de population observée était la plus élevée pendant la saison sèche fraîche et augmentait significativement avec l'augmentation de l'altitude. Pour la température actuelle, l'ERI a augmenté avec une augmentation de l'altitude et a donc été distribué de manière similaire aux populations observées, contrairement aux autres indices. Ce résultat suggère que la sensibilité au stade immature aux températures extrêmes était un facteur clé de la répartition de la population affectée par l'altitude. À l'avenir, la distribution des indices de risque à l'échelle mondiale a indiqué une diminution du risque à basse altitude et une augmentation du risque aux plus hautes altitudes. Sur la base de ces résultats, nous avons conclu avec des recommandations pour atténuer le risque d'infestation par A. thunbergii. El insecto antestia, Antestiopsis thunbergii (Gmelin 1790) es una plaga importante del café Arábica en África. El insecto prefiere el café en las alturas más altas, a diferencia de otras plagas importantes. Los objetivos de este estudio fueron describir la relación entre las poblaciones de A. thunbergii y la elevación, dilucidar esta relación utilizando nuestro conocimiento de la biología térmica de las plagas y predecir la distribución de las plagas bajo el calentamiento climático. La densidad de población de Antestiopsis thunbergii se evaluó en 24 fincas de café ubicadas a lo largo de un transecto delimitado a través de un gradiente de elevación en el rango de 1000-1700 m s.n.m., en el monte Kilimanjaro, Tanzania. La densidad se evaluó para tres estaciones climáticas diferentes, la estación seca fría en junio de 2014 y 2015, la estación lluviosa corta en octubre de 2014 y la estación seca cálida en enero de 2015. La distribución de Pest se predijo sobre el mismo transecto utilizando tres índices de riesgo: el índice de riesgo de establecimiento (ERI), el índice de generación (GI) y el índice de actividad (AI). Estos índices se calcularon utilizando parámetros de la tabla de vida simulada obtenidos de modelos de desarrollo dependientes de la temperatura y datos de temperatura de 1) registros de campo utilizando registradores de datos desplegados en el transecto y 2) predicciones para el año 2055 extraídas de la base de datos AFRICLIM. La densidad de población observada fue la más alta durante la estación seca fresca y aumentó significativamente con el aumento de la altitud. Para la temperatura actual, el ERI aumentó con un aumento en la elevación y, por lo tanto, se distribuyó de manera similar a las poblaciones observadas, a diferencia de los otros índices. Este resultado sugiere que la susceptibilidad de la etapa inmadura a temperaturas extremas fue un factor clave de la distribución de la población afectada por la altitud. En el futuro, la distribución de los índices de riesgo a nivel mundial indicó una disminución del riesgo a baja altitud y un aumento del riesgo a las alturas más altas. Con base en estos resultados, concluimos con recomendaciones para mitigar el riesgo de infestación por A. thunbergii. The antestia bug, Antestiopsis thunbergii (Gmelin 1790) is a major pest of Arabica coffee in Africa. The bug prefers coffee at the highest elevations, contrary to other major pests. The objectives of this study were to describe the relationship between A. thunbergii populations and elevation, to elucidate this relationship using our knowledge of the pest thermal biology and to predict the pest distribution under climate warming. Antestiopsis thunbergii population density was assessed in 24 coffee farms located along a transect delimited across an elevation gradient in the range 1000-1700 m asl, on Mt. Kilimanjaro, Tanzania. Density was assessed for three different climatic seasons, the cool dry season in June 2014 and 2015, the short rainy season in October 2014 and the warm dry season in January 2015. The pest distribution was predicted over the same transect using three risk indices: the establishment risk index (ERI), the generation index (GI) and the activity index (AI). These indices were computed using simulated life table parameters obtained from temperature-dependent development models and temperature data from 1) field records using data loggers deployed over the transect and 2) predictions for year 2055 extracted from AFRICLIM database. The observed population density was the highest during the cool dry season and increased significantly with increasing elevation. For current temperature, the ERI increased with an increase in elevation and was therefore distributed similarly to observed populations, contrary to the other indices. This result suggests that immature stage susceptibility to extreme temperatures was a key factor of population distribution as impacted by elevation. In the future, distribution of the risk indices globally indicated a decrease of the risk at low elevation and an increase of the risk at the highest elevations. Based on these results, we concluded with recommendations to mitigate the risk of A. thunbergii infestation. حشرة أنتيستيا، Antestiopsis thunbergii (Gmelin 1790) هي آفة رئيسية من قهوة أرابيكا في أفريقيا. يفضل الحشرة القهوة على أعلى المرتفعات، على عكس الآفات الرئيسية الأخرى. كانت أهداف هذه الدراسة هي وصف العلاقة بين مجموعات A. thunbergii والارتفاع، لتوضيح هذه العلاقة باستخدام معرفتنا ببيولوجيا الآفات الحرارية والتنبؤ بتوزيع الآفات في ظل الاحترار المناخي. تم تقييم الكثافة السكانية لـ Antestiopsis thunbergii في 24 مزرعة بن تقع على طول مقطع عرضي محدد عبر تدرج الارتفاع في نطاق 1000-1700 متر، على جبل. كليمنجارو، تنزانيا. تم تقييم الكثافة لثلاثة مواسم مناخية مختلفة، وموسم الجفاف البارد في يونيو 2014 و 2015، وموسم الأمطار القصير في أكتوبر 2014 وموسم الجفاف الدافئ في يناير 2015. تم التنبؤ بتوزيع الآفات على نفس المقطع باستخدام ثلاثة مؤشرات للمخاطر: مؤشر مخاطر المؤسسة (ERI) ومؤشر التوليد (GI) ومؤشر النشاط (AI). تم حساب هذه المؤشرات باستخدام معلمات جدول الحياة المحاكاة التي تم الحصول عليها من نماذج التطوير المعتمدة على درجة الحرارة وبيانات درجة الحرارة من 1) السجلات الميدانية باستخدام مسجلات البيانات المنتشرة عبر المقطع و 2) التنبؤات لعام 2055 المستخرجة من قاعدة بيانات AFRICLIM. كانت الكثافة السكانية المرصودة هي الأعلى خلال موسم الجفاف البارد وزادت بشكل كبير مع زيادة الارتفاع. بالنسبة لدرجة الحرارة الحالية، زاد مؤشر الاستبدال الانتقائي مع زيادة في الارتفاع وبالتالي تم توزيعه بشكل مشابه للمجموعات المرصودة، على عكس المؤشرات الأخرى. تشير هذه النتيجة إلى أن قابلية المرحلة غير الناضجة لدرجات الحرارة القصوى كانت عاملاً رئيسياً في توزيع السكان حيث تأثر بالارتفاع. في المستقبل، أشار توزيع مؤشرات المخاطر على مستوى العالم إلى انخفاض المخاطر عند الارتفاعات المنخفضة وزيادة المخاطر عند أعلى الارتفاعات. وبناءً على هذه النتائج، خلصنا إلى توصيات للتخفيف من خطر الإصابة بمرض A. thunbergii.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen gold 48 citations 48 popularity Top 1% influence Top 10% impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Other literature type , Journal 2018 France, South AfricaPublisher:Public Library of Science (PLoS) Régis Babin; Régis Babin; Abdelmutalab G.A. Azrag; Abdelmutalab G.A. Azrag; Abdelmutalab G.A. Azrag; Saliou Niassy; Gladys Mosomtai; Fabrice Pinard; Abdullahi Ahmed Yusuf; Christian Walter Werner Pirk;Antestiopsis thunbergii (Gmelin 1790) est un ravageur majeur du café Arabica en Afrique. L'insecte préfère le café aux plus hautes altitudes, contrairement à d'autres ravageurs majeurs. Les objectifs de cette étude étaient de décrire la relation entre les populations d'A. thunbergii et l'altitude, d'élucider cette relation en utilisant nos connaissances de la biologie thermique des ravageurs et de prédire la distribution des ravageurs sous le réchauffement climatique. La densité de population d'Antestiopsis thunbergii a été évaluée dans 24 plantations de café situées le long d'un transect délimité par un gradient d'altitude compris entre 1000 et 1700 m asl, sur le mont. Kilimandjaro, Tanzanie. La densité a été évaluée pour trois saisons climatiques différentes, la saison sèche fraîche en juin 2014 et 2015, la courte saison des pluies en octobre 2014 et la saison sèche chaude en janvier 2015. La distribution des ravageurs a été prédite sur le même transect à l'aide de trois indices de risque : l'indice de risque d'établissement (ERI), l'indice de génération (GI) et l'indice d'activité (AI). Ces indices ont été calculés à l'aide de paramètres de la table de survie simulés obtenus à partir de modèles de développement dépendant de la température et de données de température provenant 1) d'enregistrements sur le terrain à l'aide d'enregistreurs de données déployés sur le transect et 2) de prédictions pour l'année 2055 extraites de la base de données AFRICLIM. La densité de population observée était la plus élevée pendant la saison sèche fraîche et augmentait significativement avec l'augmentation de l'altitude. Pour la température actuelle, l'ERI a augmenté avec une augmentation de l'altitude et a donc été distribué de manière similaire aux populations observées, contrairement aux autres indices. Ce résultat suggère que la sensibilité au stade immature aux températures extrêmes était un facteur clé de la répartition de la population affectée par l'altitude. À l'avenir, la distribution des indices de risque à l'échelle mondiale a indiqué une diminution du risque à basse altitude et une augmentation du risque aux plus hautes altitudes. Sur la base de ces résultats, nous avons conclu avec des recommandations pour atténuer le risque d'infestation par A. thunbergii. El insecto antestia, Antestiopsis thunbergii (Gmelin 1790) es una plaga importante del café Arábica en África. El insecto prefiere el café en las alturas más altas, a diferencia de otras plagas importantes. Los objetivos de este estudio fueron describir la relación entre las poblaciones de A. thunbergii y la elevación, dilucidar esta relación utilizando nuestro conocimiento de la biología térmica de las plagas y predecir la distribución de las plagas bajo el calentamiento climático. La densidad de población de Antestiopsis thunbergii se evaluó en 24 fincas de café ubicadas a lo largo de un transecto delimitado a través de un gradiente de elevación en el rango de 1000-1700 m s.n.m., en el monte Kilimanjaro, Tanzania. La densidad se evaluó para tres estaciones climáticas diferentes, la estación seca fría en junio de 2014 y 2015, la estación lluviosa corta en octubre de 2014 y la estación seca cálida en enero de 2015. La distribución de Pest se predijo sobre el mismo transecto utilizando tres índices de riesgo: el índice de riesgo de establecimiento (ERI), el índice de generación (GI) y el índice de actividad (AI). Estos índices se calcularon utilizando parámetros de la tabla de vida simulada obtenidos de modelos de desarrollo dependientes de la temperatura y datos de temperatura de 1) registros de campo utilizando registradores de datos desplegados en el transecto y 2) predicciones para el año 2055 extraídas de la base de datos AFRICLIM. La densidad de población observada fue la más alta durante la estación seca fresca y aumentó significativamente con el aumento de la altitud. Para la temperatura actual, el ERI aumentó con un aumento en la elevación y, por lo tanto, se distribuyó de manera similar a las poblaciones observadas, a diferencia de los otros índices. Este resultado sugiere que la susceptibilidad de la etapa inmadura a temperaturas extremas fue un factor clave de la distribución de la población afectada por la altitud. En el futuro, la distribución de los índices de riesgo a nivel mundial indicó una disminución del riesgo a baja altitud y un aumento del riesgo a las alturas más altas. Con base en estos resultados, concluimos con recomendaciones para mitigar el riesgo de infestación por A. thunbergii. The antestia bug, Antestiopsis thunbergii (Gmelin 1790) is a major pest of Arabica coffee in Africa. The bug prefers coffee at the highest elevations, contrary to other major pests. The objectives of this study were to describe the relationship between A. thunbergii populations and elevation, to elucidate this relationship using our knowledge of the pest thermal biology and to predict the pest distribution under climate warming. Antestiopsis thunbergii population density was assessed in 24 coffee farms located along a transect delimited across an elevation gradient in the range 1000-1700 m asl, on Mt. Kilimanjaro, Tanzania. Density was assessed for three different climatic seasons, the cool dry season in June 2014 and 2015, the short rainy season in October 2014 and the warm dry season in January 2015. The pest distribution was predicted over the same transect using three risk indices: the establishment risk index (ERI), the generation index (GI) and the activity index (AI). These indices were computed using simulated life table parameters obtained from temperature-dependent development models and temperature data from 1) field records using data loggers deployed over the transect and 2) predictions for year 2055 extracted from AFRICLIM database. The observed population density was the highest during the cool dry season and increased significantly with increasing elevation. For current temperature, the ERI increased with an increase in elevation and was therefore distributed similarly to observed populations, contrary to the other indices. This result suggests that immature stage susceptibility to extreme temperatures was a key factor of population distribution as impacted by elevation. In the future, distribution of the risk indices globally indicated a decrease of the risk at low elevation and an increase of the risk at the highest elevations. Based on these results, we concluded with recommendations to mitigate the risk of A. thunbergii infestation. حشرة أنتيستيا، Antestiopsis thunbergii (Gmelin 1790) هي آفة رئيسية من قهوة أرابيكا في أفريقيا. يفضل الحشرة القهوة على أعلى المرتفعات، على عكس الآفات الرئيسية الأخرى. كانت أهداف هذه الدراسة هي وصف العلاقة بين مجموعات A. thunbergii والارتفاع، لتوضيح هذه العلاقة باستخدام معرفتنا ببيولوجيا الآفات الحرارية والتنبؤ بتوزيع الآفات في ظل الاحترار المناخي. تم تقييم الكثافة السكانية لـ Antestiopsis thunbergii في 24 مزرعة بن تقع على طول مقطع عرضي محدد عبر تدرج الارتفاع في نطاق 1000-1700 متر، على جبل. كليمنجارو، تنزانيا. تم تقييم الكثافة لثلاثة مواسم مناخية مختلفة، وموسم الجفاف البارد في يونيو 2014 و 2015، وموسم الأمطار القصير في أكتوبر 2014 وموسم الجفاف الدافئ في يناير 2015. تم التنبؤ بتوزيع الآفات على نفس المقطع باستخدام ثلاثة مؤشرات للمخاطر: مؤشر مخاطر المؤسسة (ERI) ومؤشر التوليد (GI) ومؤشر النشاط (AI). تم حساب هذه المؤشرات باستخدام معلمات جدول الحياة المحاكاة التي تم الحصول عليها من نماذج التطوير المعتمدة على درجة الحرارة وبيانات درجة الحرارة من 1) السجلات الميدانية باستخدام مسجلات البيانات المنتشرة عبر المقطع و 2) التنبؤات لعام 2055 المستخرجة من قاعدة بيانات AFRICLIM. كانت الكثافة السكانية المرصودة هي الأعلى خلال موسم الجفاف البارد وزادت بشكل كبير مع زيادة الارتفاع. بالنسبة لدرجة الحرارة الحالية، زاد مؤشر الاستبدال الانتقائي مع زيادة في الارتفاع وبالتالي تم توزيعه بشكل مشابه للمجموعات المرصودة، على عكس المؤشرات الأخرى. تشير هذه النتيجة إلى أن قابلية المرحلة غير الناضجة لدرجات الحرارة القصوى كانت عاملاً رئيسياً في توزيع السكان حيث تأثر بالارتفاع. في المستقبل، أشار توزيع مؤشرات المخاطر على مستوى العالم إلى انخفاض المخاطر عند الارتفاعات المنخفضة وزيادة المخاطر عند أعلى الارتفاعات. وبناءً على هذه النتائج، خلصنا إلى توصيات للتخفيف من خطر الإصابة بمرض A. thunbergii.
UP Research Data Rep... arrow_drop_down UP Research Data RepositoryArticle . 2018License: CC BYFull-Text: http://hdl.handle.net/2263/66641Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://beta.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1371/journal.pone.0199569&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen gold 48 citations 48 popularity Top 1% influence Top 10% impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!
more_vert UP Research Data Rep... arrow_drop_down UP Research Data RepositoryArticle . 2018License: CC BYFull-Text: http://hdl.handle.net/2263/66641Data sources: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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