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The Soutpansberg Transect investigates the abundance and diversity of ants and spiders along an altitudinal gradient in the Western Soutpansberg Mountains, South Africa. It has a north-south orientation over the mountain and is a long term project initiated in 2009. Data collection is carried out in intervals that suit the data logger capacity. To study the diversity patterns in ants and other invertebrate groups across the spatial transect over a long-term period and the climate the invertebrates.

Dynamic pressure measurements are introduced as a powerful tool to detected filter failures at early stage. Filter failures such as leakages and blockages can be detected during back pressure recleaning pulses. High frequency sensors enable the recording of the recleaning pressure pulse. Patchy cleaning and depth filtration can be detected much faster with dynamic pressure measurements than with differential pressure measurements. Parameters derived from dynamic pressure data can be observed over time and compared with reference data. The method complements conventional pressure difference measurements and is applied at a hot gas filter that implements coupled pressure pulse (CPP) technology. Proceedings of the 20th European Biomass Conference and Exhibition, 18-22 June 2012, Milan, Italy, pp. 837-843

With an increasing share of regenerative wind and solar energy in electricity supply, the aspect of load flexibility will gain importance, i.e. there is an increasing need for buffer capacities and / or power plants must be able to react more flexibly to changes of the demand. As an alternative or in addition to the new construction of peak­load power plants (pump storage systems, gas power plants), load-flexible dust burner technologies can be used in existing incinerators to increase the load flexibility and the fuel flexibility when using especially local regenerative fuel sources. Flexibility of the burner concept means an increase in changing fuel composition and non-stationary operation, which may cause changes of the combustion behavior and, hence, of the emission behavior. Flexibility in fuel sources changes the combustion and emission behavior, too, especially with regard to low rank fuels with high ash contents containing chlorine and alkali species. To control these non-stationary processes in the burner and downstream boiler area for an efficient operation, contact-free optical measurement methods are applied in addition to the measurement systems existing in the furnace chamber and furthermore control methods based on computational intelligence. Proceedings of the 19th European Biomass Conference and Exhibition, 6-10 June 2011, Berlin, Germany, pp. 1334-1337

This paper focuses on binomial mobility-sustainability. Particular attention is paid to pedal mobility and to the fact that cycle transport ia a mean for a correct use of space. The work analyzes the route taken by Apulia Region, that conseiders cycle mobility as palnning and programming instrument, trasversally linked several filed.

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) are a key component of the Internet of Things (IoT) revolution. WSN nodes are in general battery-powered, thereby and efficient usage of their energy budget is of paramount importance to avoid performance degradation in IoT applications. To this end, this chapter proposes techniques to manage the WSN nodes’ power consumption. The aim of the first technique is to minimize the transmitted power for a given quality of service requirement at the receiver side. To this end, a power control is considered at each WSN node as well as the use of multiple distributed access points at the receiver side. The second technique to reduce the WSN energy consumption is energy harvesting (EH). Namely, the use of artificial light EH is considered to extend the WSN lifetime. Thus, an experimental setup based on a photovoltaic cell, a boost converter and a commercial WSN node is presented. It is shown that under certain settings it is possible to extend the WSN node’s lifetime without bound, when the transmission time period is above a certain threshold.

Agentenbasierte Strommarktmodelle werden vielfach eingesetzt, um die Entwicklung des Strommarkts und Energiesystems explorativ zu untersuchen. Häufig werden hierbei auf Basis von Eingangszeitreihen die Investitions- und Dispatch-Entscheidungen von konventionellen Kraftwerken, wie Gas- oder Kohlekraftwerke, und Speichertechnologien nachgebildet . Modelle wie PowerACE und AMIRIS nutzen Brennstoffpreisreihe, Last, Erneuerbaren-Energien (EE)-Erzeugung und Investitionsoptionen sowie den bestehenden Kraftwerkspark als Eingangsdaten. Die zu Grunde gelegte Last und EE-Erzeugung sind hierbei stark vom jeweiligen Wetterjahr, auf denen sie basieren, abhängig. Zum einen ist das Wind- und Strahlungsdargebot als auch der Wärme- und Kältebedarf, welche einen starken Einfluss auf den Strombedarf haben, jedes Jahr unterschiedlich, gleichzeitig führen technologische Entwicklungen dazu, dass eine reine Skalierung historischer Erzeugung zukünftige EE-Erzeugung systematisch unterschätzt. Es soll untersucht werden, ob die Verwendung von nur einem Wetterjahr dazu führt, dass, insbesondere bei Betrachtungszeiträumen von mehreren Jahrzehnten, es beim Vergleich zwischen verschiedenen Wetterjahren zu erheblichen Unterschieden in den Simulationsergebnissen , sowohl bei den Investitionen als auch bei den Marktpreisen, kommt. Ziel ist es die Unsicherheiten in Bezug auf EE-Erzeugung und Stromnachfrage im Agentenverhalten abzubilden. In Rahmen dieser Arbeit soll diese Unsicherheit in den Ergebnissen agentenbasierter Modelle, am Beispiel PowerACE, quantifiziert werden und dargelegt werden, ob die Verwendung von mehreren Wetterjahren oder die Nutzung synthetische Wetterjahren, also eine Kombination verschiedener Wetterjahre auf Erzeugungs- und Nachfrageseite, hier einen Vorteil bieten .

Trabajo Fin de Grado leído en la Universidad Rey Juan Carlos en el curso académico 2022/2023. Directores/as: Javier Alfonso De Esteban Curiel ; This paper explores the evolution of tourism and sustainability, the impacts of tourism and the main challenges and opportunities for sustainable tourism in Spain. The policy instruments and frameworks that promote and regulate sustainable tourism are also examined. This paper aims to contribute to the existing body of knowledge on tourism and sustainability, providing a deeper understanding of the challenges and opportunities facing sustainable tourism in Spain.

This contribution presents a user-friendly data reduction routine for Pitot probes based on widely available software with a fluid properties interface. The data reduction process rests on the general balance equations and the fluid database and calculation program REFPROP by NIST. In the corresponding calculation sheet, the user can easily select the fluid and manually or automatically insert the probe data and stagnation conditions of the measurement. A robust algorithm directly calculates the freestream Mach number and other flow and thermodynamic quantities. The new Pitot probe data reduction routine's accuracy is assessed through several test cases, including the subsonic and supersonic flow of dry air, Novec 649, and siloxane MM in the dilute and dense gas regime. For compressible non-ideal gas flows, it is found the classical Rayleigh-Pitot equation is systematically in error even in the dilute gas regime where relative deviations of more than 10 % were noticed. In the dense gas regime, the Rayleigh-Pitot equation fails dramatically in calculating the freestream Mach number, and errors larger than 60 % were observed.