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The sustainability of ecotourism initiatives represents a major challenge. The aim of this study is to enhance our understanding of how community participation in ecotourism management can contribute toward achieving more sustainable results by identifying key factors that make it possible to potentiate a broader range of economic, social and environmental objectives. Based on the theory of collaborative planning and the strategic focus of community tourism, our work adopted a mixed approach to compare and explain the differences between two local cooperatives on the coast of the state of Nayarit, Mexico. The results reveal statistically‑significant differences between the benefits obtained through ecotourism and identify the factors that foment active community participation by local residents that, in turn, generates positive correlations with those benefits. Findings were supported by qualitative interviews with external informants. Our conclusion is that the level of benefits obtained can be reasonably explained by a set of six key factors

Introduction. The problem of Ukraine's economic development in modern conditions is directly related to the implementation of the Ukraine–European Union Association Agreement, so the national economy is facing new opportunities and challenges, including the lack of effective mechanisms to restrict timber exports. The research aimed at assessing the effectiveness of the export bans to the EU. Aim and tasks. The aim of the paper is to study the mechanisms of regulation of the timber market and their export to the EU. Results. The impact of the imposed moratorium on the declared goals is analyzed in the paper. Analyzed statistics show no effect moratorium on the reduction of deforestation and halt exports of unprocessed timber. It is also impossible to make a clear conclusion about the positive impact of the moratorium on the supply of raw materials of domestic enterprises woodworking and furniture industries. However, within the structure of Ukrainian exports, the share of products of woodworking and furniture industries has increased. This was due to the reduction of Ukrainian export volumes against the background of increasing the share of exports of timber and wood products, as well as the resumption of sales of the furniture industry. Conclusions. A study of the ban on raw wood showed that in general, the effect of the moratorium imposed is not obvious, since the number of woodworking enterprises has increased and the level of employment in these sectors has increased. Ukraine requires the adoption of a comprehensive targeted program that would combine measures to develop both the woodworking and forest industries. The national interest of Ukraine is the preservation and restoration of forests, and the moratorium introduced is an example of how partial, fragmentary unsystematic decisions are made. The practical significance of the results allows to analyze existing and find new alternative export balance, ensuring equal opportunities and non-discrimination between domestic and European Union market.

The United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) rest on a set of broadly accepted values within a human rights framework. The SDGs seek to improve human lives, improve the planet, and foster prosperity. This paper examines the human rights framework and the principles of social justice and shows that, while the SDGs do not specifically state that there is human right to food, the SDGs do envision a better, more just, world which rests upon the sufficiency of the global food supply, on environmental sustainability, and on food security for all. Then the paper examines the interrelationships between the SDGs, food access and waste, and human rights within a framework of social justice. Finally, it looks at the potential pandemic of hunger wrought by COVID-19, showing that COVID-19 serves as an example of a crisis that has raised unprecedented challenges to food loss and waste in the global food supply system and tests our commitment to the principles espoused by the SDGs.

AbstractA simple bilinear functional F is introduced on behalf of the Milne subcritical problem with replication parameter 0⩽c⩽1. This functional depends upon two arguments, respectively intended to be the neutron flux and its adjoint, and is stationary about the true solution pair where, in addition, it vanishes. The stationarity and null value can then be united as a basis for the demand that F continue to vanish even when flux and adjoint are both approximated by just the two modes from the discrete eigenvalue spectrum, a representation akin to what is known as the asymptotic portion of the neutron flux, and one which is clearly incapable of matching interface boundary conditions. The stationarity of F, however, renders it tolerant of such boundary defect, as a result of which one can expect the persisting null demand, F=0, to yield the best possible value for the ratio of the two discrete mode amplitudes.We go on to implement this program, and find as its outcome that the optimum amplitude ratio is determined as one preferred solution of a simple quadratic equation. With that solution in hand, it is an easy step then to a computation of the linear extrapolation length λ. We follow through with a numerical embodiment of these ideas, obtaining the discrete, real and positive eigenvalue ν0 on the run via a Newton–Raphson tangent encroachment root hunt. With sufficient start-up care the Newton–Raphson root hunt proves here to be exceedingly rapid, and it, together with the quadratic underpinning, provides for λ a string of values that differ by less than 0.5% from those found in the classic compendium on neutron transport from the pens of Case, de Hoffmann, and Placzek. In particular, we are able to bypass in this way, and with quite elementary tools indeed, a known canonical machinery of far greater weight and sophistication, be it based upon the Wiener–Hopf method, or else upon flux decomposition along both discrete and singular eigenfunction modes. To our way of thinking, such a simple alternative is aesthetically pleasing in its own right, and both provides a measure of confirmation to, and is itself checked by, the more formidable apparatus.

In order to help keep readers up to date in the field, each issue of Progress in Photovoltaics will contain a list of recently published journal articles most relevant to its aims and scope. This list is drawn from an extremely wide range of journals, including IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices, Journal of Applied Physics, Applied Physics Letters, Progress in Photovoltaics and Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells. To assist the reader, the list is separated into broad categories, but please note that these classifications are by no means strict. Also note that inclusion in the list is not an endorsement of a paper's quality. If you have any suggestions, please email Santosh Shrestha at s.shrestha@unsw.edu.au.

Cette étude explore les valeurs, les principes théoriques ainsi que les stratégies de ressources humaines et de financement de la prestation de services souterrains dans la Johannesburg Jewish Helping Hand Society ont contribué à la durabilité de l'organisation pendant une période de financement réduit. Les entretiens ont été conduits avec 15 informateurs clés. The main finding was that the Jewish value of 'chesed' (loving kindness to one' s neighbours), the importance of community life, and the notion of giving to charity are actualised in addressing social issues. These values help to sustain this organisation as community members donate funds and make their skills available for community service. This study explores how the values, theoretical principles as well as human resource and funding strategies underpinning service delivery in the Johannesburg Jewish Helping Hand Society might have contributed to the sustainability of the organisation during a time of reduced funding. Interviews were conducted with 15 key informants. The main finding was that the Jewish value of 'chesed' (loving kindness to one's neighbours), the importance of community life, and the notion of giving to charity are actualised in addressing social issues. These values help to sustain this organisation as community members donate funds and make their skills available for community service. This study explores how the values, theoretical principles as well as human resource and funding strategies underpinning service delivery in the Johannesburg Jewish Helping Hand Society might have contributed to the sustainability of the organisation during a time of reduced funding. Interviews were conducted with 15 key informants. The main finding was that the Jewish value of 'chesed' (loving kindness to one's neighbours), the importance of community life, and the notion of giving to charity are actualised in addressing social issues. These values help to sustain this organisation as community members donate funds and make their skills available for community service. This study explores how the values, theoretical principles as well as human resource and funding strategies underpinning service delivery in the Johannesburg Jewish Helping Hand Society might have contributed to the sustainability of the organization during a time of reduced funding. Entrevistas realizadas con 15 informantes clave. The main finding was that the Jewish value of 'chesed' (loving kindness to one 's neighbours), the importance of community life, and the notion of giving to charity are actualised in addressing social issues. These values help to sustain this organization as community members donate funds and make their skills available for community service. تستكشف هذه الدراسة كيف يمكن أن تكون القيم والمبادئ النظرية وكذلك الموارد البشرية واستراتيجيات التمويل التي يقوم عليها تقديم الخدمات في جمعية جوهانسبرغ اليهودية لمساعدة اليد قد ساهمت في استدامة المنظمة خلال فترة انخفاض التمويل. أجريت مقابلات مع 15 من مزودي المعلومات الرئيسيين. كانت النتيجة الرئيسية هي أن القيمة اليهودية لـ "تشيزد" (اللطف المحب للجيران)، وأهمية الحياة المجتمعية، ومفهوم العطاء للأعمال الخيرية تتحقق في معالجة القضايا الاجتماعية. تساعد هذه القيم في الحفاظ على هذه المنظمة حيث يتبرع أفراد المجتمع بالأموال ويجعلون مهاراتهم متاحة لخدمة المجتمع.

Despite decades of research, uncertainty remains about what motivates individuals to engage in pro-environmental behavior. The multifaceted and complex nature of energy conservation, like other forms of pro-environmental behavior, still poses a challenge to efforts at accurately explaining or predicting it. This paper examines the extent to which variables in the value-belief-norm framework are able to explain engagement in energy conservation and environmental citizenship behavior in an institutional setting. The results indicate that value-belief-norm constructs, which largely reflect environmental considerations, were more successful at explaining subjects’ pro-environmental citizenship behavior than their energy conservation behavior. Individuals’ personal norms and self-transcendence values were found to be the most influential precursors of their pro-environmental behavior. Subjects’ behavior-specific beliefs also influenced their pro-environmental behavior and were mediated by their personal norms. The implications of our results for the design of pro–energy conservation intervention are discussed.

The main discussion of the study is how to design a policy that will provide inclusive employment to green jobs for Turkey. In this framework, the process of transition to a green economy is evaluated with the global dynamics, and the emphasis is placed on green jobs as the basic tool of the green economy. Turkey's transition to the green economy is discussed with a holistic perspective which addresses the challenges and imperatives of just transition to green jobs. This study focuses on Turkey and the discussion emphasizes that vulnerable and inclusive employment. In summary, this study presents a series of recommendations on an inclusive employment policy for green jobs that focused on vocational and technical education within the framework of global problems such as the climate crisis, irregular migration and its effects, the uncertainty of the Covid-19 pandemic, and becomes grounds for new discussions. Çalışmanın temel tartışması, Türkiye için yeşil işlere kapsayıcı istihdamı sağlayacak bir politika tasarımının nasıl olması gerektiğidir. Bu çerçevede yeşil ekonomiye geçiş süreci küresel dinamiklerle birlikte değerlendirilmekte ve yeşil ekonominin temel aracı olarak yeşil işlere vurgu yapılmaktadır. Türkiye’nin yeşil ekonomiye geçiş süreci, yeşil işlere adil geçişinin zorluklarını ve zorunluluklarını ele alan bütüncül bir bakış açısıyla tartışılmaktadır. Bu tartışma korunmasız ve kapsayıcı istihdamın altını çizerek Türkiye’ye odaklanmaktadır. Özetle bu çalışmada iklim krizi, düzensiz göç ve etkileri, Covid-19 pandemisi ve yarattığı belirsizlik gibi küresel sorunlar çerçevesinde mesleki ve teknik eğitim odaklı kapsayıcı bir yeşil iş ve istihdam politikasına ilişkin bir dizi öneri sunulmakta ve yeni tartışmalara zemin hazırlanmaktadır.