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Biologija i ekologija invazivne vrste Aster lanceolatus Willd. complex
handle: 21.15107/rcub_nardus_10639
Predmet istraživanja doktorske disertacije je ekologija i biologija invazivne vrste Aster lanceolatus Willd. complex (fam. Compositae). U okviru ovog predmeta, definisani su ciljevi planiranih istraživanja: da se utvrde kvantitativni odnosi vrste A. lanceolatus i drugih cenobionata na staništima koja su zahvaćena invazijom ove vrste; da se utvrde i objasne mehanizmi kojima vrsta utiče na procese u istraživanim ekosistemima; da se utvrdi uloga generativnog i vegetativnog razmnožavanja u procesu širenja vrste A. lanceolatus; da se utvrde kauzalni odnosi između regionalnog klimatskog modela i predikcije rasprostranjenja vrste i da se izvrši analiza rizika od vrste A. lanceolatus. Istraživanja su sprovedena na terenu i laboratoriji po utvrđenoj metodologiji. Rezultati istraživanja su pokazala da vrsta A. lanceolatus naseljava staništa na kojima su izražene različite vrste poremećaja, da je dominantna na većini istraživanih lokaliteta i da potiskuje druge vrste u zajednicama i staništima na kojima se nalazi, čime je i potvrđena prva postavljena hipoteza. Postavljena hipoteza da vrsta A. lanceolatus utiče na osobine zemljišta i tako doprinosi svojoj kompetitivnosti nije u potpunosti potvrđena. Sa druge strane, hipoteza ne može da bude ni odbačena, jer su određene promene u zemljištu konstatovane. Gajenjem biljaka u hidrokulturi je utvrđeno da vrsta A. lanceolatus ima snažan vegetativan rast, da u početnoj fazi rasta alocira resurse u podzemni deo, da pri interspecijskoj kompeticiji često nadjačava vrstu Achillea millefolium L., kao i da ima veliki potencijal za vegetativno razmnožavanje. Rezultati dobijeni gajenjem biljaka u hidrokulturi i ispitivanjem klijavosti semena potvrđuju hipotezu da je i vegetativno i generativno razmnožavanje značajno za proces širenje vrste A. lanceolatus. Uz rezultate sprovedenih bioloških testova, identifikacija i kvantifikacija 14 fenolnih jedinjena u biljnim organima vrste A. lanceolatus predstavljaju potvrdu alelopatskog dejstva ove vrste, čime je i potvrđena postavljena hipoteza. Hipoteza da klimatske karakteristike utiču na širenje invazivne vrste A. lanceolatus je potvrđena, jer su rezultati primenjenog modela pokazali, da će sa povećanjem temperature rasti i potencijal širenja ove vrste.
This dissertation sets out to investigate the ecology and biology of invasive species Aster lanceolatus Willd. complex (fam. Compositae). The aim of this study was: to determine the quantitative relations of A. lanceolatus with other coexisting species in invaded habitats; to identify and explain the mechanisms by which this species influences the processes in ecosystems; to determine the role of generative and vegetative reproduction in the A. lanceolatus invasion success; to determine the causal relationship between the regional climate model and a prediction of a species distribution and to conduct the risk analysis of A. lanceolatus. The study was conducted in the field and laboratories by the established methodology. The results have shown that A. lanceolatus inhabits the disturbed habitats suppressing other species in communities and thus the first hypothesis was confirmed. It was hypothesized that the species A. lanceolatus affect soil properties, contributing to its competitiveness. This hypothesis was not fully confirmed since the results were variable. However, certain changes ascertained. Research has shown that the species A. lanceolatus has a strong vegetative growth. Initially, it allocates resources to the underground vegetative parts. In addition, it has great potential for vegetative reproduction and outcompetes Achillea millefolium in hydroponic culture. The results obtained by growing plants in hydroponic culture and seed testing showed that vegetative and generative reproductions have the same importance in the expansion of A. lanceolatus range. From the present study, it can be concluded that allelochemicals are present in the aqueous extracts of A. lanceolatus and in the soil infested with this plant. In addition 14 phenolic compounds were identified and quantified in A. lanceolatus tissue. The results confirmed the allelopathic effects of A. lanceolatus, and thus confirmed given the hypothesis. The hypothesis that climatic characteristics influence the spread of invasive species A. lanceolatus was also confirmed, since the results of the applied species distribution model showed that the potential spread of this species would rise with increasing temperature.
prediction of range expansion, alelopatija, invasive species, invazivne vrste, Aster lanceolatus Willd. complex, climate change, predikcija širenja, allelopathy, reproductive potential, klimatske promene, reproduktivni potencijal
prediction of range expansion, alelopatija, invasive species, invazivne vrste, Aster lanceolatus Willd. complex, climate change, predikcija širenja, allelopathy, reproductive potential, klimatske promene, reproduktivni potencijal
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