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How good is your marine protected area at curbing threats?

Authors: Salud Deudero; Vesna Mačić; Enrique Macpherson; Diego K. Kersting; Diego K. Kersting; Antoni García-Rubies; Fabio Bulleri; +23 Authors

How good is your marine protected area at curbing threats?

Abstract

Marine protected areas (MPAs) are key tools to mitigate human impacts in coastal environments, promoting sustainable activities to conserve biodiversity. The designation of MPAs alone may not result in the lessening of some human threats, which is highly dependent on management goals and the related specific regulations that are adopted. Here, we develop and operationalize a local threat assessment framework. We develop indices to quantify the effectiveness of MPAs (or individual zones within MPAs in the case of multiple-use MPAs) in reducing anthropogenic extractive and non-extractive threats operating at local scale, focusing specifically on threats that can be managed through MPAs. We apply this framework in 15 Mediterranean MPAs to assess their threat reduction capacity. We show that fully protected areas effectively eliminate extractive activities, whereas the intensity of artisanal and recreational fishing within partially protected areas, paradoxically, is higher than that found outside MPAs, questioning their ability at reaching conservation targets. In addition, both fully and partially protected areas attract non-extractive activities that are potential threats. Overall, only three of the 15 MPAs had lower intensities for the entire set of eight threats considered, in respect to adjacent control unprotected areas. Understanding the intensity and occurrence of human threats operating at the local scale inside and around MPAs is important for assessing MPAs effectiveness in achieving the goals they have been designed for, informing management strategies, and prioritizing specific actions.

Countries
France, France, France, Italy, France, France, Spain, Croatia, Croatia, Spain
Keywords

Extractive activities; Fully protected area; Management; Marine use; Non-extractive activities; Partially protected area; Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics; Nature and Landscape Conservation, 570, Fully protected area, Non-extractive activities, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, 333, Fully protected area, Partially protected area, Management, Extractive activities, Non-extractive activities, Marine use, Centro Oceanográfico de Baleares, [SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, Extractive activities, [SDV.EE.ECO] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, Medio Marino, Marine use, Partially protected area, Fully protected area, Partially protected area Management, Extractive activities, Non-extractive activities, Marine use, Non-extractive activitie, 620, Management, [SDE.BE] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, [SDE.MCG] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, [SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, Extractive activitie, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, Fully protected area; Partially protected area; Management; Extractive activities; Non-extractive activities; Marine use

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citations
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
views
OpenAIRE UsageCountsViews provided by UsageCounts
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78
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74
26
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