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A review of the combined effects of climate change and other local human stressors on the marine environment

pmid: 33035971
handle: 11588/831095 , 11368/2973429 , 20.500.14243/423622 , 10261/239402 , 11587/447896
pmid: 33035971
handle: 11588/831095 , 11368/2973429 , 20.500.14243/423622 , 10261/239402 , 11587/447896
Climate change (CC) is a key, global driver of change of marine ecosystems. At local and regional scales, other local human stressors (LS) can interact with CC and modify its effects on marine ecosystems. Understanding the response of the marine environment to the combined effects of CC and LS is crucial to inform marine ecosystem-based management and planning, yet our knowledge of the potential effects of such interactions is fragmented. At a global scale, we explored how cumulative effect assessments (CEAs) have addressed CC in the marine realm and discuss progress and shortcomings of current approaches. For this we conducted a systematic review on how CEAs investigated at different levels of biological organization ecological responses, functional aspects, and the combined effect of CC and HS. Globally, the effects of 52 LS and of 27 CC-related stressors on the marine environment have been studied in combination, such as industrial fisheries with change in temperature, or sea level rise with artisanal fisheries, marine litter, change in sediment load and introduced alien species. CC generally intensified the effects of LS at species level. At trophic groups and ecosystem levels, the effects of CC either intensified or mitigated the effects of other HS depending on the trophic groups or the environmental conditions involved, thus suggesting that the combined effects of CC and LS are context-dependent and vary among and within ecosystems. Our results highlight that large-scale assessments on the spatial interaction and combined effects of CC and LS remain limited. More importantly, our results strengthen the urgent need of CEAs to capture local-scale effects of stressors that can exacerbate climate-induced changes. Ultimately, this will allow identifying management measures that aid counteracting CC effects at relevant scales.
- National Research Council Italy
- Spanish National Research Council Spain
- Laboratoire Parole et Langage France
- Πανεπιστήμιο Κρήτης – Τμήμα Βιολογίας Greece
- CoNISMa Italy
[SDE] Environmental Sciences, Adaptation and mitigation to climate change; Cumulative effect assessment; Ecosystem-based management; Multiple stressors; Spatially explicit assessment; Systematic review, adaptive management, Spatially explicit assessment, Climate Change, Fisheries, Biological organization, Ecosystem-based management, Article, Ecosystems, Cumulative effect assessment -- Multiple stressors -- Spatially explicit assessment -- Adaptation and mitigation to climate change -- Ecosystem-based management -- Systematic review, Cumulative effect assessment, Multiple stressors, Spatially explicit assessment, Adaptation and mitigation to climate change, Ecosystem-based management, Systematic review, Climate change, Humans, Sea level, Environmental conditions, Multiple stressor, Multiple stressors, Ecosystem, Cumulative effects, Ecological response, Artisanal fisheries, article, Temperature, Cumulative effect assessment, Text, Adaptation and mitigation to climate change; Cumulative effect assessment; Ecosystem-based management; Multiple stressors; Spatially explicit assessment; Systematic review; Fisheries; Humans; Introduced Species; Temperature; Climate Change; Ecosystem, Systematic review, Management measures, Adaptation and mitigation to climate change, Spatial interaction, ddc:570, Introduced Species
[SDE] Environmental Sciences, Adaptation and mitigation to climate change; Cumulative effect assessment; Ecosystem-based management; Multiple stressors; Spatially explicit assessment; Systematic review, adaptive management, Spatially explicit assessment, Climate Change, Fisheries, Biological organization, Ecosystem-based management, Article, Ecosystems, Cumulative effect assessment -- Multiple stressors -- Spatially explicit assessment -- Adaptation and mitigation to climate change -- Ecosystem-based management -- Systematic review, Cumulative effect assessment, Multiple stressors, Spatially explicit assessment, Adaptation and mitigation to climate change, Ecosystem-based management, Systematic review, Climate change, Humans, Sea level, Environmental conditions, Multiple stressor, Multiple stressors, Ecosystem, Cumulative effects, Ecological response, Artisanal fisheries, article, Temperature, Cumulative effect assessment, Text, Adaptation and mitigation to climate change; Cumulative effect assessment; Ecosystem-based management; Multiple stressors; Spatially explicit assessment; Systematic review; Fisheries; Humans; Introduced Species; Temperature; Climate Change; Ecosystem, Systematic review, Management measures, Adaptation and mitigation to climate change, Spatial interaction, ddc:570, Introduced Species
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