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The tropicalization of temperate marine ecosystems: climate-mediated changes in herbivory and community phase shifts

Climate-driven changes in biotic interactions can profoundly alter ecological communities, particularly when they impact foundation species. In marine systems, changes in herbivory and the consequent loss of dominant habitat forming species can result in dramatic community phase shifts, such as from coral to macroalgal dominance when tropical fish herbivory decreases, and from algal forests to ‘barrens’ when temperate urchin grazing increases. Here, we propose a novel phase-shift away from macroalgal dominance caused by tropical herbivores extending their range into temperate regions. We argue that this phase shift is facilitated by poleward-flowing boundary currents that are creating ocean warming hotspots around the globe, enabling the range expansion of tropical species and increasing their grazing rates in temperate areas. Overgrazing of temperate macroalgae by tropical herbivorous fishes has already occurred in Japan and the Mediterranean. Emerging evidence suggests similar phenomena are occurring in other temperate regions, with increasing occurrence of tropical fishes on temperate reefs.
- University of Queensland Australia
- Spanish National Research Council Spain
- University of Sydney Australia
- UNSW Sydney Australia
- Georgia Institute of Technology United States
macroalgae, 2300 Environmental Science, Aquatic Organisms, 1300 Biochemistry, FoR 11 (Medical and Health Sciences), Climate Change, Genetics and Molecular Biology, western boundary currents, Functional diversity, 551, Models, Biological, 333, Ecosystem impacts, 1100 Agricultural and Biological Sciences, Macroalgae, Range shift, SDG 13 - Climate Action, Climate change, Animals, SDG 14 - Life Below Water, Herbivory, FoR 06 (Biological Sciences), Ecosystem, ecosystem impacts, Fishes, FoR 07 (Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences), 2400 Immunology and Microbiology, Biodiversity, functional diversity, Seaweed, range shift, climate change, 2700 Medicine, Western boundary currents
macroalgae, 2300 Environmental Science, Aquatic Organisms, 1300 Biochemistry, FoR 11 (Medical and Health Sciences), Climate Change, Genetics and Molecular Biology, western boundary currents, Functional diversity, 551, Models, Biological, 333, Ecosystem impacts, 1100 Agricultural and Biological Sciences, Macroalgae, Range shift, SDG 13 - Climate Action, Climate change, Animals, SDG 14 - Life Below Water, Herbivory, FoR 06 (Biological Sciences), Ecosystem, ecosystem impacts, Fishes, FoR 07 (Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences), 2400 Immunology and Microbiology, Biodiversity, functional diversity, Seaweed, range shift, climate change, 2700 Medicine, Western boundary currents
citations This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).768 popularity This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.Top 0.1% influence This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).Top 1% impulse This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.Top 0.1% visibility views 33 download downloads 24 - 33views24downloads
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