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Isolation and Characterization of Phosphate Solubilizing Microbes from Rock Phosphate Mines and Their Potential Effect for Sustainable Agriculture

عزل وتوصيف الميكروبات الذائبة للفوسفات من مناجم الفوسفات الصخري وتأثيرها المحتمل على الزراعة المستدامة
Authors: Awais Qarni; Motsim Billah; Khadim Hussain; Sabir Hussain Shah; Waqas Ahmed; Sadia Alam; Aftab Ahmad Sheikh; +4 Authors

Isolation and Characterization of Phosphate Solubilizing Microbes from Rock Phosphate Mines and Their Potential Effect for Sustainable Agriculture

Abstract

Continuous application of phosphate (P) mineral to soil renders apatite addition during each crop growing season which is of great concern from a sustainable agriculture viewpoint. Use of efficient phosphate solubilizing microbes (PSB) is one of the most effective ways to solubilize this apatite mineral in the soil. The current study targeted hydroxyapatite mines to explore, isolate and characterize efficient P solubilizers to solubilize apatite in the soil. Efficiency of isolated microbes to solubilize rock phosphate (hydroxyapatite) and tri-calcium phosphate (TCP) as well as indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase (ACC) activity were tested. Identification and phylogenetic analysis of bacterial and fungal isolates were carried out by 16S rRNA and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) rDNA sequence analyses, respectively. The isolated bacterial strains were identified as Staphylococcus sp., Bacillus firmus, Bacillus safensis, and Bacillus licheniformis whereas fungal isolates were identified as Penicillium sp. and Penicillium oxalicum. Results showed that the impact of identified strains in combination with three phosphate fertilizers sources (compost, rock phosphate and diammonium phosphate (DAP)) was conspicuous on maize crop grown in pot. Both bacterial and fungal strains increased the P uptake by plants as well as recorded with higher available P in post-harvested soil. Penicillium sp. in combination with compost resulted in maximum P-uptake by plants and post-harvest soil P contents, compared to other combinations of P sources and bio-inoculants. Screening and application of efficient P solubilizers can be a better option to utilize the indigenous phosphate reserves of soil as well as organic amendments for sustainable agriculture.

Keywords

compost, Plant Science, maize, Biochemistry, Renewable energy sources, Agricultural and Biological Sciences, Food science, Fertilizer, Significance of Phytic Acid in Nutrition and Agriculture, Bacillus licheniformis, Rhizobacteria, characterization, GE1-350, Phosphorite, Environmental effects of industries and plants, Life Sciences, Compost, Chemistry, Microbial inoculant, Rhizosphere, rock phosphate, Biofertilizer, isolation, solubilization, Mineral Interaction, Bacillus subtilis, TJ807-830, Soil Science, Phosphate, Horticulture, TD194-195, Microbiology, Inoculation, Mycorrhizal Fungi and Plant Interactions, Genetics, Biology, Diammonium phosphate, Bacteria, Penicillium, Phosphate solubilizing bacteria, Botany, DAP, Agronomy, Environmental sciences, FOS: Biological sciences, Soil Carbon Dynamics and Nutrient Cycling in Ecosystems

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    citations
    This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
    42
    popularity
    This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
    Top 10%
    influence
    This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
    Top 10%
    impulse
    This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
    Top 1%
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citations
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
42
Top 10%
Top 10%
Top 1%
gold